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Infectious Disease > III: Protozoa > Flashcards

III: Protozoa Flashcards

(100 cards)

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1
Q

Define protozoa.

A

Unicellular eukaryote

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2
Q

Describe the life cycle for infectious GI protozoa.

A

Excystation in intestine, replication of trophozoites by binary fission, encystation and excretion in feces

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3
Q

How is Babesia diagnosed? Malatese cross and ring form on blood smear

A

Babesia

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4
Q

How is babesia transmitted?

A

lxodes tick

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5
Q

How is cryptosporidium diagnosed?

A

Oocysts in stool on acid-fast stain

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6
Q

How is cyclospora diagnosed?

A

oocysts on acid-fast stain

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7
Q

How is Leishmania diagnosed?

A

Amastigotes in macrophages

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8
Q

How is Leishmania transmitted?

A

Sandfly bite

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9
Q

How is Toxoplasma diagnosed?

A

Serology, tissue biopsy demonstrating tachyzoites

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10
Q

How is trypanosoma brucei diagnosed?

A

parasite on blood smear, serologic testing

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11
Q

How is trypanosoma brucei transmitted?

A

Tsetse fly

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12
Q

How is trypanosoma cruzi diagnosed in the acute phase?

A

Trypomastigotes/amastigotes in blood or CSF

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13
Q

How is trypanosoma cruzi diagnosed in the chronic phase?

A

Serologic testing

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14
Q

How is trypanosoma cruzi diagnosed in transplant cases?

A

PCR

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15
Q

How is Trypanosoma cruzi transmitted?

A

Feces from a kissing bug

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16
Q

In cryptosporidium ____-walled oocysts are excreted in feces, while ____-walled oocysts cause autoinfection

A

thick; thin

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17
Q

Name two environmental modes of transmission for Toxoplasma gondii.

A

Cat feces, undercooked meats

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18
Q

Plasmodium life cycle: _____ are formed in erythrocytes and undergo further maturation in the mosquito

A

Gametes

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19
Q

Plasmodium life cycle: _____ infect erythrocytes

A

Merozoites

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20
Q

Plasmodium life cycle: ______ are released from the liver following primary infection

A

Merozoites

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21
Q

Plasmodium life cycle: ______ infect hepatocytes

A

Sporozoites

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22
Q

Plasmodium life cycle: asexual phase occurs in _____

A

Humans

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23
Q

Plasmodium life cycle: Mosquitos inject _____ into blood

A

Sporozoites

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24
Q

Plasmodium life cycle: sexual phase occurs in _____

A

mosquitos

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25
What is the infectious form? Cryptosporidia
Oocyst
26
What is the infectious form? Cyclospora
Oocyst
27
What is the infectious form? Entamoeba histolytica
Cyst
28
What is the infectious form? Giardia
Cyst
29
What is the infectious form? Leishmania
Promastigote
30
What is the infectious form? Plasmodium
Sporozoite
31
What is the infectious form? Toxoplasma gondii
Oocyst
32
What is the infectious form? Trichomonas vaginalis
Trophozoite
33
What is the infectious form? Trypanosoma
Trypomastigote
34
What is the mode of transmission for Entabmoeba histolytics
cysts in water
35
What stain should be performed to visualize Entamoeba cysts in fecal samples?
Trichrome
36
Which disease? Achlorhydria, nausea, diarrhea
Cyclospora
37
Which pathogen? Acute phase involves mild symptoms at site of inoculation and Romana's sign (unilateral perioribtal swelling)
Trypanosoma cruzi
38
Which pathogen? Adherence of trophozoites to intestinal epithelium by adhesive disc
Giardia
39
Which pathogen? Bloating, flatulence, steatorrhea, chronic diarrhea, malabsorption, recurrent disease
Giardia
40
Which pathogen? Causes African Sleeping Sickness
Trypanosoma brucei
41
Which pathogen? Causes Chagas Disease
Trypanosoma cruzi
42
Which pathogen? Causes CNS infection
Toxoplasma, Naegleria, Trypanosoma brucei
43
Which pathogen? Causes flask-shaped intestinal ulcers
Entamoeba histolytica
44
Which pathogen? Causes GI infection
Giardia, Entamoeba, Cryptosporidium
45
Which pathogen? Causes hematologic infection
Plasmodium, Babesia
46
Which pathogen? Causes visceral infection
Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania
47
Which pathogen? Chancre at site of painful bite, Stage I Disease: recurrent fever, prominent lymphadenopathy, rash, headache, confusion
Trypanosoma brucei
48
Which pathogen? CNS infection transmitted via nasal access
Naegleria fowleri
49
Which pathogen? Cold, hot, and sweating stages
Plasmodium
50
Which pathogen? Cysts are not affected by chlorination of water
Entamoeba, Giardia
51
Which pathogen? Cysts can survive several months in cold water
Giardia
52
Which pathogen? Cysts in stool containing up to 4 nuclei
Entamoeba histolytica
53
Which pathogen? Cysts reside in human skeletal muscle, myocardium, brain, and eyes
Toxoplasma gondii
54
Which pathogen? Diagnosis by CSF microscopic examination
Acanthomoeba and Naegleria
55
Which pathogen? Dysentry with possible liver abscess
Entamoeba histolytica
56
Which pathogen? Fever and hemolytic anemia, more severe disease in asplenic patients
Babesia
57
Which pathogen? Granulomatous amebic encephalitis, especially in immunocompromised patients
Acanthomoeba
58
Which pathogen? Headache, altered mental status, focal neurologic deficits, vomiting; progressing to death within ~5 days
Naegleria fowleri
59
Which pathogen? Headaches, altered mental status, focal neurologic deficits; progressing to death within weeks
Acanthomoeba
60
Which pathogen? Intracellular parasite that can infect any cell; causes congenital disease and disease in immunocompromised patients
Toxoplasma gondii
61
Which pathogen? Intracellular parasite that is transmitted fecal-oral via exposure to contaminated water
Cryptosporidium
62
Which pathogen? Jaundice, hypotension, fever, hepatosplenomegaly
Plasmodium
63
Which pathogen? Keratitis, association with contact lens use and corneal injuries
Acanthomoeba
64
Which pathogen? Liver abscess with anchovy paste exudate
Entamoeba histolytica
65
Which pathogen? May cause stillborn, miscarriage, chorioretinitis, hydrocephalus, intracranial calcifications, hepatosplenomegaly, fever, anemia
Toxoplasma gondii
66
Which pathogen? Megacolon, megaesophagus, dilated cardiomyopathy in chronic stage of disease
Trypanosoma cruzi
67
Which pathogen? Most dangerous parasitic disease globally with no known sterile immunity
Plasmodium
68
Which pathogen? Oocysts shed in cat feces
Toxoplasma gondii
69
Which pathogen? Parasite is endocytosed by macrophages, replicates in macrophages, and infects vectors when they feed
Leishmania
70
Which pathogen? Paroxysmal fever
Plasmodium
71
Which pathogen? Primary amebic meningoencephalitis, meningeal signs
Naegleria fowleri
72
Which pathogen? Recurrent disease due to antigenic variation
Trypanosoma brucei
73
Which pathogen? Resides in female lower genital tract and male urethra/seminal vesicles
Trichomonas vaginalis
74
Which pathogen? Severe diarrhea in AIDS patients
Cryptosporidium
75
Which pathogen? Sexually-transmitted
Trichomonas vaginalis
76
Which pathogen? Skin ulcers, destruction of mucus membranes, hepatosplenomegaly, spiking fever, pancytopenia
Leishmania
77
Which pathogen? Stage II Disease: convulsions, somnolence, coma, death
Trypanosoma brucei
78
Which pathogen? Strawberry cervix
Trichomonas vaginalis
79
Which pathogen? Transmitted by a kissing bug, predominantly in South America
Trypanosoma cruzi
80
Which pathogen? Transmitted by lxodes tick
Babesia
81
Which pathogen? Transmitted by sandfly bite
Leishmania
82
Which pathogen? Transmitted by Tsetse fly and enters lymphatic system
Trypanosoma brucei
83
Which pathogen? Trophozoite rings in RBCs and shizonts containing merozoites
Plasmodium
84
Which pathogen? Vaginitis with purulent foul-smelling discharge
Trichomonas vaginalis
85
Which pathogen? Watery diarrhea, n/v, abdominal pain, fever
Cryptosporidium
86
Which pathogen? Widespread flu-like infection, followed by dormancy, may cause secondary CNS infection
Toxoplasma gondii
87
Which plasmodium species? Schizonts containing fewer more than 12 merozoites, ovaloid gametozoites
falciparum
88
Which plasmodium species? Schizonts containing more than 12 merozoites, amoeboid gametozoites
Vivax
89
Which species of plasmodium? Quartan cycle with 72-hour fever cycle
malariae
90
Which species of plasmodium? Severe irregular fever patterns
falciparum
91
Which species of plasmodium? Tertian cycle with 48-hour fever cycle
vivax, ovale
92
Which type of protozoan? Cryptosporidia
Apicomplexa protozoan
93
Which type of protozoan? Cyclospora
Apicomplexa protozoan
94
Which type of protozoan? Entamoeba histolytica
amoeba
95
Which type of protozoan? Giardia
flagellated protozoan
96
Which type of protozoan? Leishmania
flagellated protozoan
97
Which type of protozoan? Plasmodium
Sporozoan protozoan
98
Which type of protozoan? Toxoplama gondii
Apicomplexa protozoan
99
Which type of protozoan? Trichomonas vaginalis
flagellated protozoan
100
Which type of protozoan? Trypanosoma
flagellated protozoan

Infectious Disease (21 decks)

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