I. Purposive Communication: CHAPTER 4 Flashcards
CHAPTER 4:VARIETIES AND REGISTERS OF SPOKEN AND WRITTEN LANGUAGE (42 cards)
A concept of domain, is important as it signifies the class of situation within which a certain speech variety is used.
Speech variety
“It is a specific set of linguistic items” or human speech patterns (sounds, words, grammatical features) which can be associated with some external factor (geographical area or a social group).
Language varieties
Different kinds of language varieties
- Pidgin
- Creole
- Regional dialect
- Minority dialect
- Indigenized variety
When children start learning a pidgin as their first language and it becomes the mother tongue of a community, it is called a ______.
Creole
It is not a distinct language but a variety of a language spoken in a particular area of a country.
Some _______ have been given traditional names which mark them out as being significantly different from standard varieties spoken in the same place.
Regional dialect
Is a new language which develops in situations where speakers of different languages need to communicate but don’t share a common language.
Pidgin
It is a distinct language which has taken most of its vocabulary from another language, the lexifier, but has its own unique grammatical rules.
Creole
The vocabulary of a pidgin comes mainly from one particular language (called the ‘______’).
lexifier
Indigenized varieties are spoken as (first, second) languages in ex-colonies with ______ populations.
second, multilingual
The differences from the standard variety may be linked to English proficiency, or may be part of a range of varieties used to expressed identity.
Indigenized variety
Sometimes member of a particular minority ethnic group have their own variety which they use as a marker of identity, usually alongside a standard variety. This is called a _______.
Minority dialect
One person may control a number of registers.
Thus, the APPROPRIATE LANGUAGE REGISTER DEPENDS upon the ______ (who?), the _____ (what?), ______ (why?), and _____ (where?).
AUDIENCE (who?), TOPIC (what?), PURPOSE (why?), LOCATION (where?)
Is one complicating factor in any study of language varieties.
Register
The five language registers are:
- Static register or frozen register
- Formal register
- Consultative register
- Casual register
- Intimate register
These Five Registers can be classified into two types: Formal and Informal.
The (Formal, Informal) registers include frozen/static and consultative while (Formal, Informal) registers include casual and intimate.
Formal, Informal
E.G communications between a superior and a subordinate, doctor and patient, lawyer and client, teacher and a student, parent and child.
Consultative register
This communication is private. _______ is reserved for close family members or intimate people and taking into the accounts of endearment in a certain relationship or bond.
Intimate register
E.G. the pledge of allegiance, the Lord’s prayer, Wedding Vows and Philippine Constitution
Static register or frozen register
This language is used in formal settings.
This use of language usually follows a commonly accepted format.
______ is used in impersonal and formal settings.
Formal register
E.G sermons, speeches, oration, and pronouncements made by judges.
Formal register
The users engage in a mutually accepted structure of communications.
It is formal and societal expectations accompany the users of this speech.
It is a professional discourse
Consultative register
This style of communications rarely or never changes and does not require feedbacks.
It is “frozen” in time and content.
Static register or frozen register
This is informal language used by peers and friends.
Slang, vulgarities and colloquialisms are normal.
This is “GROUP” language.
ONE MUST BE a MEMBER to engage in this register
Casual register
Formal or informal register
Sometimes, this includes speaking in slang and other times it’s simply a more casual delivery.
Informal
