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Module 7 (Critical Care) > ICU Labs > Flashcards

ICU Labs Flashcards

1
Q

Liver Labs

A

Bilirubin
ALT
AST
Alkaline Phosphatase
Albumin
Total Protein
PT

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2
Q

Bilirubin normal lab

A

< 1mg/dL

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3
Q

Bilirubin level if jaundice occurs

A

> 2.5

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4
Q

What is bilirubin?

A

byproduct of RBC breakdown

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5
Q

PT normal

A

11-12.5 seconds

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6
Q

PT measures

A

clotting ability

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7
Q

Hematologic Labs

A

PT/INR
CBC

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8
Q

Cirrhosis can cause

A

deficiency in clotting factors

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9
Q

Cirrhosis does what to PT

A

PROLONGS

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10
Q

PT critical level

A

> 46
- means NO CLOTTING and will bleed out if hit or fall

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11
Q

INR normal level

A

0.8-1.1

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12
Q

If on an anticoagulant, what is the normal INR level for them?

A

2-3

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13
Q

INR is used to

A

measure the accuracy of PT

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14
Q

INR critical level

A

> 5

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15
Q

AST normal

A

0-35

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16
Q

AST sensitive to

A

heart and liver

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17
Q

AST shows what

A

when the liver is diseased/damaged and to what extent

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18
Q

AST is released into the bloodstream within

A

6-10 hours

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19
Q

AST lasts how long in the bloodstream

A

4 days

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20
Q

ALT sensitive to

A

liver, kidneys, heart, pancreas, and muscles

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21
Q

ALT normal

A

4-36

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22
Q

ALT measures

A

the liver is damaged/diseased

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23
Q

AST/ALT over 10000 weans

A

acetaminophen OD

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24
Q

Glucose normal

A

74-106 (70-110 in other places)

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25
if glucose is low, this is caused by
liver impairment of glycogen release
26
If the liver is in failure then what happens to glucose
no glucose is released but the pancreas still secretes insulin resulting in dangerously low glucose levels
26
WBC normals
5000-10000
27
WBC >10,000 means what r/t liver
Acute liver injury - infection - trauma - stress - inflammation
28
WBC <5,000 means what r/t liver
splenomegaly (CHRONIC FAILURE / CIRRHOSIS) - spleen retains WBCs and platelets - pt susceptible to infection/bleeding
29
splenomegaly with low WBCs leads mainly to what 2 infections
meningitis pneumonia
30
WBC critical levels
< 2000 > 40000
31
CMP Labs affected by liver
Na, K, Mg (ALL LOW)
32
electrolyte imbalances occur in liver due to
hepatorenal syndrome use of diuretics
33
Hypokalemia
<3.5
34
K is passed through
kidneys
35
Mg follows
K (HYPOMAGNESMIA)
36
low Mg occurs in
kidney impairment
37
low Na results from what
unable to release free water sodium in the body becomes diluted - low serum sodium
38
Platelet normal
150-400
39
Platelet critical
<50 or >1 million
40
serious bleeding risk if platelets are
< 20
41
what is often present with low platelets
petechiae ecchymosis
42
The spleen stores
platelets and WBCs sequestration occurs with hypersplenism -liver failure and cirrhosis
43
Ammonia normal
10-80
44
Ammonia does what
byproduct of protein metabolism in the gut
45
Ammonia > 80 build-up results in
hepatic encephalopathy
46
Lactic Acid normal
0.6-2.2
47
How is lactic acid formed?
normally glucose is metabolized into CO2 and H2O for energy - when there is limited O2 = anaerobic metabolism of glucose occurs and lactate is formed
48
When the liver fails, what happens to lactase?
the liver fails to excrete lactate and furthers compound build-up = lactic acidosis = tissue hypoxia
49
Creatinine normal
0.5-1.21
50
Creatinine > 4 =
severe renal impairment
51
Alkaline Phosphatase normal
30-120
52
Alkaline Phosphatase increases in
cirrhosis (greatly) less in - hepatic tumors - hepatotoxic drugs - hepatitis
53
Alkaline Phosphatase is sensitive to
metastatic cancer in the liver
54
Hemoglobin normal
12-16
55
Hemoglobin reflects
number of RBCs in the blood transports O2 and CO2
56
Hemoglobin/Hemtocrit is low in
anemia bleeding
57
When do you transfuse blood
< 7 Hgb - critical
58
Hct normal males females
males 0.42-0.52 females 0.37-0.47
59
Hct is what
percentage of total blood vol made up of RBCs
60
Hct critical
< 21%

Module 7 (Critical Care) (22 decks)

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