Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ID > ID intro objective > Flashcards

ID intro objective Flashcards

1
Q

spirochetes

A

treponema pallidum
borrelia burgdorferi
leptospira interrogans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

atypical bacteria

A

chlamydophilia pneumoniae
chlamydia trachomatis
legionella pneophilia
mycoplasma pneumoniae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

acid- fast bacilli

A

mycobacterium tuberculosis
Mycobacterium intracellulare complex
mycobacterium kansasii
mycobacterium leprae
mycobacterium marinum
nocardia spp.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

gram negative ONLY

A

aztreonam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

aerobic ONLY

A

aminogycosides
polymyxins
sulfonamides (bactrim)
aztreonam (Azactam)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

colonization

A

Presence of organism at the site that does not cause disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

indications of infections

A

-increased wbc with or without left shift
-increase in WBC at site of infection
-presence of pathogens on gram strain+/- culture
- positive antigen, antibody or PCR testing
-localized s/sx: cough, erythema, inflammation, increased sputum
- pain, purulent discharge , swelling, tenderness
-systemic s/sx; chills/rigors, hypothermia or hyperthermia, hypotension, mints status changes, tachycardia. tacgypnea
-radiographiic; computed tomography (CT), MRL, ultrasound, xray

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

catalase positive

A

staphylococci

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

catalase negative

A

streptococcus and enterococci

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

coagulase

A

significant for staphylococcus aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

lactose positive

A

citrobacter spp.
enterbacter spp
eschericha spp.
klebsiella spp.
pasteurella multocida

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

alpha partia hemolysis

A

viridian’s group strep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

beta total/complete hemolysis

A

Group A.B,C,F,G street

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

gamma no hemolysis

A

enterococcus spp.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

host factors

A

age
allergies
pk/pd
site of infection
history of recent antimicrobial use
travel history
pets or animal exposure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

drug factors

A

allergies
adverse effects/ CI/ safety concerns
antibiogram
MOA
pk/pd (ADME, DDI)
spectrum of activity
rout of administration
cost
site of infection
minimum inhibitory concentration and breakpoints

17
Q

organism factors

A

identification of organism
antimicrobial susceptibility
multidrug resistant risk factors

18
Q

minimun inhibitory concentration (MIC)

A

lowest antimicrobial concentration thats prevents visible growth of an organism within 24hrs of incubation

19
Q

susceptible

A

likely to eradicate organisms using the standard antimicrobial doses

20
Q

intermediate

A

likely to eradicate organisms using maximum antimicrobial doses or if the antimicrobial concentrates at the site

21
Q

resistant

A

the organism is not inhibited by standard antimicrobial doses likely leading to therapeutic failure and/or mechanisms of resistance may be present , and clinical efficacy has not been demonstrated

22
Q

Pharmacokinetics (ADME)
what the body does to the drug

A

max concentration in the plasma (cmax)

area under the curve for 24hrs (AUC)

time that the drug concentration exceeds a certain value (T>con)

minimum conc during a dosing interval

23
Q

pharmacodynamic
what the drug does to the bug

A

free time above MIC (ft> MIC)

max conc to MIC ratio (cmax/mic)

24hr under the curve to MIC ratio (AUC/MIC)

24
Q

time dependent (fT>MIC)

A

b-lacatams (PCNs, carbapenems, cephalosporins)
licosamide
monobactams
oxazolidinone

25
Q

concentration dependent
(larger doses and decreased frequency of time)

A

AmG
daptomycin
fluroquinolones
metronidazole
lipopeptide

26
Q

AUC dependent (time + conc)

A

AMGs,
lipopetetracyclines,
vancomycin,
glycylcycline ptide,
fluoroquinolones,
macrolides,
oxazolidinone
polymyxins,

27
Q

Post antibiotic effect (PAE)

A

persistant suppression of bacerial growth after antibiotic exposure despite concentration <MIc

b lactams against GP staph
carbapenems with p. aeruginosa

28
Q

empiric

A

initiation of drugs prior to identification of causitive organism

29
Q

directed

A

drugs targeting causative organism upon results

30
Q

prophylaxis

A

administration of drugs to prevent or reduce risk of infection

31
Q

de-escalation

A

process of streaming antimicrobial therapy from broad spectrum to narrow spectrum

32
Q

antimicrobial stewardship

A

effort to measure and improve how antibiotics are prescribed by clinicians and used by patients

33
Q

Bactericidal

A

aminoglycosides
carbapenems
ceholorsporins
monobactams
penicillins
daptomycin
floroquinolones
metronidazole
polymyxin
vancomycin
Oritavancin

34
Q

bacteriostatic

A

chloramphenicol
clindamycin
glycyclines
linezolid
macrolide
nitrofurantoin
sulfonamides
tetracycline

ID (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions