ideologies > liberalism key words Flashcards
(18 cards)
what is mechanistic theory?
the idea that the state was created by “man” to serve the people and act in their interests.
what is the key belief in liberalism?
based on the rights of the individual, liberty, consent of the governed, political equality, the right to private property, and equality before the law.
what is egotistical individualism?
the belief that individual freedom involves satisfying one’s own desires and needs.
what do liberals believe about the economy?
including government policies, that promote free trade, deregulation, elimination of subsidies, price controls and rationing systems, and, often, the downsizing or privatization of public services
what do they believe about the state of nature?
the real or hypothetical condition of human beings before or without political association.
what is the social contract?
the view that persons’ moral and/or political obligations are dependent upon a contract or agreement among them to form the society in which they live.
what is the tolerance/harm principle?
the state may interfere with the choices of citizens only if those choices harm or risk harming others.
what do they believe about equality?
the belief that all human beings, no matter who they are, are born equal.
what do they believe about equal opportunity?
ensures that all interested individuals have the same ability to access and the chance of receiving particular resources, such as employment, housing, or education, without discrimination based on irrelevant factors such as age, race, religion, or gender.
what do they think about having a limited government?
one where legalized force is restricted through delegated and enumerated authorities.
what is laissez faire capitalism?
The term ‘laissez-faire’ translates to ‘leave alone’ when it comes to economic intervention. This means no taxes, regulations, or tariffs.
what is negative liberty?
Negative liberty is freedom from interference by other people eg:
nondiscrimination, no re-allocation of speech resources
what is a minimal state?
Minimal liberalism (individual freedom): More than one individual in the society is decisive on a pair of social outcomes.
what is social liberalism?
it thinks the state should address economic and social issues. Examples of problems the state might work on include unemployment, health care, and education.
what is classical liberalism?
that advocates free market and laissez-faire economics and civil liberties under the rule of law, with special emphasis on individual autonomy, limited government, economic freedom, political freedom and freedom of speech.
what is Neo liberalism?
s contemporarily used to refer to market-oriented reform policies such as “eliminating price controls, deregulating capital markets, lowering trade barriers” and reducing, especially through privatization and austerity, state influence in the economy.
what is modern liberalism?
is the dominant version of liberalism in the United States. It combines ideas of civil liberty and equality with support for social justice and a mixed economy.
what’s the difference between positive and negative liberty?
positive > you must add something too the state to make it more free
negative > you must take something away to make it more free.
