ideologies > socialism key thinkers Flashcards
(20 cards)
what did Karl Marx and Fedrich Eagles think about the state?
The existing liberal - bourgeois state is a tool of the dominant capitalist class; it must be destroyed by revolution.
And replaced by a new socialist state:the dictatorship.
what did Karl Marx and Fedrcih Eagles think about human nature?
Human nature, originally fraternal, has been contaminated by capitalism, instilling the ‘false conscious’ of middle class values.
what did Karl Marx and Fedrich Eagles think about society?
Capitalist society is sickeningly, yet fatally defined by class interests and class conflict.
A communist society will be the perfect ‘end of history’.
what did Karl Marx think about the economy?
Capitalism is corrupt, inefficient and ultimately self destructive.
It should - and will- be replaced by the economy based on collective worship.
what did Rosa Luxembourg think about the state?
The existing capitalist state must be destroyed by revolution but one arising from strike action.The replacement state should be genuine democracy complete with free speech and elections.
what did Rosa Luxembourg think about human nature?
Human nature has not been damaged to the extent Marx alleged.
Fraternity and altruism still flourish in working class communities published by capitalist economies.
what did Rosa Luxembourg think about society?
Capitalist society is class ridden and morally indefensible yet alternative societies, or subcultures exist within downtrodden proletarian communities.
what did Rosa Luxembourg think about the economy?
Capitalism is more resilient than Marx allowed. Its necessary destruction and replacement by an economy based on workers control will require determination and solidarity among the proletariat.
what did Beatrice Webb think about the state?
If harnessed to universal suffrage the existing state could be used to effect the gradual transition to socialism
what did Beatrice Webb think about human nature?
The damage inflicted by capitalism upon the human psyche will be compounded only by violent revolution. Humanity needs to be guided back gradually to its original cooperative condition.
what did Beatrice Webb think about society?
The poverty and inequalities of capitalist society continue to depress human potential while fostering regressive competition.
what did Beatrice Webb think about the economy?
A chaotive capitalist economy will gradually be replaced by one which secures for workers the full fruits of their labour, based upon a common ownership of the means of production.
what did Anthony Crosland think about the state?
Democratic socialist governments prove that the existing state can be used to effect radical socialist change.
what did Anthony Crosland think about human nature?
Human nature has a powerful sense of ‘fairness’ and innate objection to huge inequalities of the outcome.
what did Anthony Crosland think about society?
Society is increasingly complicated by the emergence of new social groups comprising ‘meritocratic’ managers.
what did Anthony Crosland think about the economy?
A mixed economy underpinned by limited public ownership and capitalism will finance the greater public spending necessary to secure equality.
what did Anthony Giddens think about the state?
The existing liberal state should be improved, redistributing and decentralised political power while encouraging greater political participation.
what did Anthony Giddens think about human nature?
Human nature has been shaped by changing socio
-economic conditions. The pro fairness instinct is still present but it now competes with a sharpened sense of individual aspiration.
what did Anthony Giddens think about society?
Society has undergone middle class values and must harness rather than deny these forces.
what did Anthony Giddens think about the economy?
A neo liberal economy propelled by privatisation and deregulation will provide huge tax yields. This will finance a huge increase in public spending which will secure greater equality of opportunity.
