I.E. Elements of Effective Teaching in a Professional Environment Flashcards
(28 cards)
What two characteristics distinguishes effective instructors from those who simply carry out their duties?
FI.I.E.K1
- Effective instructors engage with their learners as part of a meaningful relationship (maintaining a teacher-learner relationship), actively participating in their growth and development.
- Their primary focus is on supporting learners in becoming competent pilots rather than merely fulfilling prescribed responsibilities.
The Learner Is Central to Instructor’s Responsibilities
What are the five main responsibilities of all instructors with regards to the learning process?
FI.I.E.K1
- Helping learners learn
- Providing adequate instruction
- Demanding appropriate standards of performance
- Emphasizing the positive
- Minimizing Learner Frustration (Encourage, rather than discourage)
When evaluating a learner’s ability to perform a maneuver or procedure, an instructor should follow what general guidelines?
Evaluation of learner’s ability is based upon:
- Established standards of performance suitably modified to the learner’s experience and stage of development.
- Consideration of the learner’s mastery of the elements involved in the maneuver or procedure, rather than merely the overall performance
- Keeping the learner informed of their progress by identifying deficiencies and suggesting corrective measures.
- Not immediately correcting learner errors when a mistake is made (safety permitting). It is difficult for learners to learn if they seldom have the opportunity to correct an error.
How does an instructor help learners learn?
FI.I.E.K1a
- Learning should be enjoyable and interesting
- Standards, and measurement against standards are key to helping learners
- Learners need to see growth; people are proud of the successful achievement of difficult goals
How does an instructor ensure that they are providing adequate instruction?
FI.I.E.K1b
- Carefully and correctly analyze each learner’s personality, thinking, and ability (attitude, ability, and experience)
- Incorrectly analyzing a learner may result in the instruction not producing the desired outcome
- Learners experiencing slow progress due to discouragement/lack of confidence should be assigned sub-goals which are easier to attain than the normal learning goals
- Overconfidence learners may assume correcting errors is unimportant since they make few mistakes. For such learners, constantly raise the standard of performance
- Individuals learn when they are aware of their errors
How does an instructor ensure they are demanding appropriate standards of performance?
FI.I.E.K1c
- Do not allow learners get by with substandard performance, or without thoroughly learning necessary knowledge
- Accepting lower standards to please a learner doesn’t improve the learner-instructor relationship
- Instructors should ensure that their learners not only meet external standards but also develop a deep, meaningful understanding that fosters true competence.
- Instructors should be confident that their learners have not only met the standard, but also fully grasped its intent and purpose.
Do not lower standards to help a friend
Why is it important to use standards of performance when training learners?
FI.I.E.K1c
- Provides competency - The use of standards, and measurement against standards, is key to helping learners learn.
- Motivation - Meeting standards holds its own satisfaction for learners.
- Motivation - People want to feel capable, and they are proud of the successful achievement of difficult goals.
Provides Competency and motivation
When should application of the minimum acceptable standards for passing a checkride be introduced during flight training?
FI.I.E.K1c
- The minimum standards to pass the checkride should be kept in the proper perspective, with emphasis on the learner meeting test standards increasing later in the training—the ACS (PTS) is a testing document, not a teaching document.
- The learner’s motivation should be to become a competent pilot, not to meet a standard.
What are ways that an instructor could emphasizes the positive?
FI.I.E.K1d
- The way instructors conduct themselves, the attitudes displayed, and the manner instruction is developed contribute to the formation of either positive or negative impressions by their learners
- Success depends on the ability to present instruction that develops a positive image of aviation
- Every reasonable effort should be made so instruction is given under the most favorable conditions
- Emphasize the positive because positive instruction results in positive learning
- Instructors should emphasize the positive when explaining a topic, especially one that may cause anxiety in learners, such as stalls or emergency procedures.
How does an instructor minimize learner frustration?
FI.I.E.K1e
- Motivate Learners
- Keep Learners Informed
- Approach Learners as Individuals – Each person has a unique personality that should be considered
- Give Credit When Due – Praise
- Criticize Constructively
- Be Consistent
- Admit Errors
- Be Well Prepared (Over prepare)
Why is preparation in the teaching process important in minimizing learner frustration especially when first introducing a lesson?
FI.I.E.K1e
- Learners who have a positive primary experience are more likely to progress effectively.
- Investing extra time in the pre-briefing can reduce the need for repetitive instruction later in their training.
Law of primacy
What additional responsibilities do flight instructors have, not just instructors?
FI.I.E.K2
- Mold the learner into a competent pilot who takes a professional approach to flying
- Be current and proficient in the aircraft & encourage each pilot to learn as much as possible
- Understand Physiological Obstacles (challenges) for Flight Learners
- Ensuring Learner Skill Set
- Ensuring Proper Pilot Supervision & Surveillance
How does instructors ensure their learners become competent pilots?
FI.I.E.K2
- Offer a Structured Curriculum
- Demanding appropriate standards of performance
- Continuous Assessment
- Competency-Based Training - Focuses on demonstrated performance rather than just flight hours.
- Development of aeronautical decision making skills
- Ongoing Mentorship
To effectively teach, what negative sensations must an instructor ensure are met first to satisfy a learner’s physiological needs?
FI.I.E.K2
- During flight training, learners may react to unfamiliar noises or vibrations, experience unfamiliar sensations due to G-force, or have an uncomfortable feeling in their stomach.
- To teach effectively, instructors cannot ignore the existence of these negative factors, nor should they ridicule learners who are adversely affected.
- These negative sensations can usually be overcome by understanding the nature of their causes. Remember, a sick learner does not learn well.
- Learners are out of their normal environment, they do not know what is normal and what is not
How does the instructor ensures that the learner will become a competent pilot during solo flight and the rest of training?
FI.I.E.K2
- Responsibility to provide guidance and restraint with respect to solo ops
- By far the most important responsibility since the instructor is the only person in a position to make the determination that a learner is ready for solo ops
- Before endorsing solo flight, the learner should display consistent ability to perform the maneuvers
- The learner should also be capable of handling ordinary problems that might occur
- Provide adequate instruction for each item in the applicable ACS/PTS, including “special emphasis areas”
- Be current on the latest procedures regarding training, certification, and safety
- Maintain a current library of information
What is the instructor’s pilot supervision & surveillance responsibilities and how does one mitigate risks in flight training?
FI.I.E.K2
- Instructors have the responsibility to provide guidance & restraint with respect to solo operations
- Responsibility to train competent, safe, and smart pilots who will be an asset to the aviation community
- Instill risk management and ADM, as well as good, safe habits, and recognize/remove bad habits
How can an instructor ensure that a learner has developed the ability and required skills necessary to conduct their first solo flight safely?
FI.I.E.K2
- Generally, a learner is ready for the first solo flight when the instructor observes the learner from preflight to engine start to engine shutdown, and the learner performs consistently, without the need for instructor assistance.
- The learner pilot should demonstrate consistency in the required solo tasks: takeoffs and landings, ability to prioritize maintaining control of the aircraft, proficiency in flight, traffic pattern operation, proper navigation skills, and proper radio procedure and communication skills.
- Attitudes: Safe and competent
- Abilities: consistent to the standards of their
- Experience: have practice all the maneuvers
What important responsibility do all flight instructors have with respect to pilot supervision?
FI.I.E.K2
- Flight instructors have the responsibility to provide guidance and restraint with respect to the solo operations of their learners.
- The flight instructor is the only person in a position to make the determination a learner is ready for solo operations.
- Before endorsing a learner for solo flight, the instructor should require the learner to demonstrate consistent ability to perform all of the fundamental maneuvers.
What is the overall responsibility as an instructor regarding endorsements and recommendations for knowledge tests and practical tests?
FI.I.E.K2
- The flight instructor is the final authority to all endorsements and recommendations.
- Making an endorsement or signing a recommendation imposes a serious responsibility on the flight instructor.
- If an instructor fails to ensure a learner pilot or additional rating pilot meets the requirements of regulations prior to making endorsements or recommendations, that instructor is incompetent.
- The FAA holds him or her accountable.
- It is also a breach of faith with the learner or applicant.
What items should a competent instructor should be knowledgeable about?
FI.I.E.K3
- Be thoroughly familiar with the functions, characteristics, and use of all flight instruments/avionics/systems
- Maintain familiarity with current pilot training techniques and certification requirements
- Frequent review of new periodicals/technical publications, personal contacts with FAA inspectors/DPE
- Participate in pilot & instructor clinics and interact with veteran flight instructors
Why is maintaining a certain level of instructor professionalism important for the aviation community?
FI.I.E.K3
- Flight instructors serve as role models for the entire aviation community
- The instructor is the central figure in aviation training and bear responsibility for all phases of training. The instructor needs to be professional
What are five important characteristics of professionalism that an instructor must exhibit?
FI.I.E.K3
- Sincerity—Instructors should be straightforward and honest.
- Acceptance of the learner—Instructors should accept learners as they are, including faults and problems.
- Personal appearance and habits—These have an important effect on the professional image of the instructor.
- Demeanor—The attitude and behavior of the instructor contributes much to professional image.
- Proper language—The use of profane/obscene language leads to distrust and lack of confidence in the instructor.
Teacher-Learner Relationship
What is an important characteristic of an competent instructor after they passed the practical test for their certification?
FI.I.E.K4
Successful, professional aviation instructors do not become complacent or satisfied with their own qualifications and abilities, and are constantly alert for ways to improve their qualifications, effectiveness, and the services they provide to learners
To consistently project a professional image, an instructor must commit to ongoing growth throughout their career. What steps can they take to ensure they are continually developing professionally?
FI.I.E.K4
- The instructor needs a steady supply of fresh material to make instruction interesting and up to date
- Continuing Education
- Keep a up to date library of sources of material
