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IELTS Flashcards

(95 cards)

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1
Q

Context(n)

A

Bağlam, içerik

E:If you don’t know the definition, use the context of the reading passage to help you.

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2
Q

Look for(v)

A

Aramak

E:Look for the words in bold as you read the passage.

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3
Q

Shipping crates

A

Nakliye kasası

E: from shipping crates to paper bags, the logging supplies a raw material for an array of products.
(Tomruk endüstrisi,Nakliye kasasından kağıt torbaya kadar bir dizi ürüne hammadde sağlamaktadır)

(Tomruk endüstrisi,Nakliye kasasından kağıt torbaya kadar bir dizi ürüne hammadde sağlamaktadır)

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4
Q

Paper bag

A

Kağıt torba

E: from shipping crates to paper bags, the logging supplies a raw material for an array of products
(Tomruk endüstrisi,Nakliye kasasından kağıt torbaya kadar bir dizi ürüne hammadde sağlamaktadır)

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5
Q

Logging industry/Logging

A

Tomruk endüstrisi/Ağaç kesme

E: from shipping crates to paper bags, the logging supplies a raw material for an array of products
(Tomruk endüstrisi,Nakliye kasasından kağıt torbaya kadar bir dizi ürüne hammadde sağlamaktadır)

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6
Q

Raw material

A

Hammadde

E: from shipping crates to paper bags, the logging supplies a raw material for an array of products
(Tomruk endüstrisi,Nakliye kasasından kağıt torbaya kadar bir dizi ürüne hammadde sağlamaktadır)

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7
Q

An Array of products

A

Bir dizi ürün

E:from shipping crates to paper bags, the logging supplies a raw material for an array of products
(Tomruk endüstrisi,Nakliye kasasından kağıt torbaya kadar bir dizi ürüne hammadde sağlamaktadır)

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8
Q

However(conj)

A

Ancak

E:However,this is not without untold harm to the environment.
ancak bu çevreye sayısız zarar vermeden olmaz

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9
Q

Untold harm

A

Sayısız zarar

E: However,this is not without untold harm to the environment.
ancak bu çevreye sayısız zarar vermeden olmaz

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10
Q

Spanning(adj)

A

Kapsayan

E:the damage includes habitat loss,pollution, and climate change with the effects spanning the globe from the rainforests of central Africa, Southeast Asia, and South America to the Northern forests of Canada and Scandinavia
(Orta Afrika, Güneydoğu Asya ve Güney Amerika’nın yağmur ormanlarından Kanada ve İskandinavya’nın kuzey ormanlarına kadar tüm dünyayı kapsayan etkilerle birlikte, hasar habitat kaybı, kirlilik ve iklim değişikliğini içerir.)

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11
Q

Swath(n)

A

Tırpanla biçilen alan, şerit

the effects of logging extend beyond just the felling of a swath of trees
(ağaç kesmenin etkileri sadece bir ağaç şeridinin kesilmesinin ötesine geçer)

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12
Q

Fell(v)

A

Kesmek

E: the effects of logging extend beyond just the felling of a swath of trees
(ağaç kesmenin etkileri sadece bir ağaç şeridinin kesilmesinin ötesine geçer)

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13
Q

Nutrient(n)

A

Besin

E:Nutrients,water,and shelter for plants,animals,and microorganisms throughout the ecosystem are also lost ,many life forms -both terrestrial and aquatic-are becoming endangered as forests vanish.
(Ekosistemdeki bitkiler, hayvanlar ve mikroorganizmalar için besin, su ve barınak da kaybolur, ormanlar yok olurken hem karada hem de suda yaşayan birçok yaşam formu tehlikeye girer.)

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14
Q

Shelter(n)

A

Barınak

E:Nutrients,water,and shelter for plants,animals,and microorganisms throughout the ecosystem are also lost ,many life forms -both terrestrial and aquatic-are becoming endangered as forests vanish.
(Ekosistemdeki bitkiler, hayvanlar ve mikroorganizmalar için besin, su ve barınak da kaybolur, ormanlar yok olurken hem karada hem de suda yaşayan birçok yaşam formu tehlikeye girer.)

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15
Q

Throughout(adv)

A

Boyunca

E:Nutrients,water,and shelter for plants,animals,and microorganisms throughout the ecosystem are also lost ,many life forms -both terrestrial and aquatic-are becoming endangered as forests vanish.
(Ekosistemdeki bitkiler, hayvanlar ve mikroorganizmalar için besin, su ve barınak da kaybolur, ormanlar yok olurken hem karada hem de suda yaşayan birçok yaşam formu tehlikeye girer.)

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16
Q

Terrestrial(adj)

A

Karasal,karada yaşayan

E:Nutrients,water,and shelter for plants,animals,and microorganisms throughout the ecosystem are also lost ,many life forms -both terrestrial and aquatic-are becoming endangered as forests vanish.
(Ekosistemdeki bitkiler, hayvanlar ve mikroorganizmalar için besin, su ve barınak da kaybolur, ormanlar yok olurken hem karada hem de suda yaşayan birçok yaşam formu tehlikeye girer.)

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17
Q

Aquatic(adj)

A

Suda yaşayan

E:Nutrients,water,and shelter for plants,animals,and microorganisms throughout the ecosystem are also lost ,many life forms -both terrestrial and aquatic-are becoming endangered as forests vanish.
(Ekosistemdeki bitkiler, hayvanlar ve mikroorganizmalar için besin, su ve barınak da kaybolur, ormanlar yok olurken hem karada hem de suda yaşayan birçok yaşam formu tehlikeye girer.)

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18
Q

Vanish(v)

A

Ortadan kaybolmak,yitmek

E:Nutrients,water,and shelter for plants,animals,and microorganisms throughout the ecosystem are also lost ,many life forms -both terrestrial and aquatic-are becoming endangered as forests vanish.
(Ekosistemdeki bitkiler, hayvanlar ve mikroorganizmalar için besin, su ve barınak da kaybolur, ormanlar yok olurken hem karada hem de suda yaşayan birçok yaşam formu tehlikeye girer.)

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19
Q

Thus(conj)

A

Bu nedenle

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20
Q

Integrity(n)

A

Bütünlük

E: Trees protect the soil beneath them, thus, tree loss can affect its integrity

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21
Q

The rainforest floor(n)

A

Yağmur ormanı zemini

E: the rainforest floor, home to myriad plant life as well as insects, worms, reptiles, amphibians, and small mammals, relies on dense canopy of branches and leaves to keep it healthy and intact.

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22
Q

Home (to)(v)

A

Ev sahipliği yapmak

E: the rainforest floor, home to myriad plant life as well as insects, worms, reptiles, amphibians, and small mammals, relies on dense canopy of branches and leaves to keep it healthy and intact.

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23
Q

Myriad(adj)

A

Sayısız

E: the rainforest floor, home to myriad plant life as well as insects, worms, reptiles, amphibians, and small mammals, relies on dense canopy of branches and leaves to keep it healthy and intact.

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24
Q

Rely on(v)

A

Dayanmak,güvenmek

E: the rainforest floor, home to myriad plant life as well as insects, worms, reptiles, amphibians, and small mammals, relies on dense canopy of branches and leaves to keep it healthy and intact.

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25
Dense(adj)
Yoğun E: the rainforest floor, home to myriad plant life as well as insects, worms, reptiles, amphibians, and small mammals, relies on dense canopy of branches and leaves to keep it healthy and intact.
26
Canopy(n)
Örtü,gölgelik E: the rainforest floor, home to myriad plant life as well as insects, worms, reptiles, amphibians, and small mammals, relies on dense canopy of branches and leaves to keep it healthy and intact.
27
Branches(n)
Dallar E: the rainforest floor, home to myriad plant life as well as insects, worms, reptiles, amphibians, and small mammals, relies on dense canopy of branches and leaves to keep it healthy and intact.
28
As well as(conj)
Yanı sıra E:the rainforest floor, home to myriad plant life as well as insects, worms, reptiles, amphibians, and small mammals, relies on dense canopy of branches and leaves to keep it healthy and intact.
29
Intact(adj)
Sağlam E: the rainforest floor, home to myriad plant life as well as insects, worms, reptiles, amphibians, and small mammals, relies on dense canopy of branches and leaves to keep it healthy and intact.
30
Surface runoff(n)
Yüzeysel akış E: The canopy prevents surface runoff by intercepting heavy rainfall so that water can drip down onto the porous earth
31
Intercept(v)
Engel olmak,önlemek E:The canopy prevents surface runoff by intercepting heavy rainfall so that water can drip down onto the porous earth
32
So that(conj)
Böylece E: The canopy prevents surface runoff by intercepting heavy rainfall so that water can drip down onto the porous earth
33
Drop down(v)
Düşmek,damlamak E: The canopy prevents surface runoff by intercepting heavy rainfall so that water can drip down onto the porous earth
34
Onto(conj)
Üzerine E: The canopy prevents surface runoff by intercepting heavy rainfall so that water can drip down onto the porous earth
35
Porous(adj)
Gözenekli E: The canopy prevents surface runoff by intercepting heavy rainfall so that water can drip down onto the porous earth
36
Earth(n)
Dünya,toprak,zemin E: The canopy prevents surface runoff by intercepting heavy rainfall so that water can drip down onto the porous earth
37
Tree roots
Ağaç kökleri E:Tree roots also stabilize the soil and help prevent erosion.
38
Also(conj)
Ayrıca E: Tree roots also stabilize the soil and help prevent erosion.
39
In return(conj)
Buna karşılık E: Tree roots also stabilize the soil and help prevent erosion.In return ,a healthy soil encourages root development and microbial activity, which contribute to the tree growth and well being
40
Soil(n)
Toprak E: Tree roots also stabilize the soil and help prevent erosion.In return ,a healthy soil encourages root development and microbial activity, which contribute to the tree growth and well being
41
Root development(n)
Kök gelişimi E: Tree roots also stabilize the soil and help prevent erosion.In return ,a healthy soil encourages root development and microbial activity, which contribute to the tree growth and well being
42
Microbial activity(n)
Mikrobiyal aktivite E: Tree roots also stabilize the soil and help prevent erosion.In return ,a healthy soil encourages root development and microbial activity, which contribute to the tree growth and well being.
43
Conribute (to)(v)
Katkıda bulunmak E: Tree roots also stabilize the soil and help prevent erosion.In return ,a healthy soil encourages root development and microbial activity, which contribute to the tree growth and well being
44
Tree growth and well being(n)
Ağaç gelişimi ve iyiliği/refahına E: Tree roots also stabilize the soil and help prevent erosion.In return ,a healthy soil encourages root development and microbial activity, which contribute to the tree growth and well being
45
Major factor (in) (n)
En önemli etken E: A major factor in logging-related soil damage comes from road building, with trucks and other heavy equipment compressing the spongy soil, creating furrows where water collects, and disturbing the underground water flow.
46
Logging related(n)
Ağaç kesimine bağlı E: A major factor in logging-related soil damage comes from road building, with trucks and other heavy equipment compressing the spongy soil, creating furrows where water collects, and disturbing the underground water flow.
47
Soil damage(n)
Toprak hasarı E: A major factor in logging-related soil damage comes from road building, with trucks and other heavy equipment compressing the spongy soil, creating furrows where water collects, and disturbing the underground water flow.
48
Come from(v)
-Den kaynaklanmak, -den gelmek E: A major factor in logging-related soil damage comes from road building, with trucks and other heavy equipment compressing the spongy soil, creating furrows where water collects, and disturbing the underground water flow.
49
Furrows(n)
Oluklar E: A major factor in logging-related soil damage comes from road building, with trucks and other heavy equipment compressing the spongy soil, creating furrows where water collects, and disturbing the underground water flow.
50
Underground water flow(n)
Yeraltı suyu akışı E: A major factor in logging-related soil damage comes from road building, with trucks and other heavy equipment compressing the spongy soil, creating furrows where water collects, and disturbing the underground water flow.
51
Eventually(conj)
Sonunda E: Eventually, the topsoil wears away, leaving behind an interfile layer of rocks and clay.
52
Topsoil(n)
Üst toprak E: Eventually, the topsoil wears away, leaving behind an interfile layer of rocks and clay.
53
Wear away(v)
Yıpranmak,aşındırmak,zayıflatmak E: Eventually, the topsoil wears away, leaving behind an interfile layer of rocks and clay.
54
Interfile(v)
Tek bir dosyada toplamak E: Eventually, the topsoil wears away, leaving behind an interfile layer of rocks and clay.
55
Layer of rocks and clay(n)
Kil ve kaya tabakası E: Eventually, the topsoil wears away, leaving behind an interfile layer of rocks and clay.
56
Leave behind(v)
Arkada bırakmak,iz bırakmak,geride bırakmak E: Eventually, the topsoil wears away, leaving behind an interfile layer of rocks and clay.
57
Aquatic habitat(n)
Su habitatları E: logging can also damage aquatic habitats.
58
Vegetation(n)
Bitki örtüsü E: Vegetation along rivers and stream banks helps maintain a steady water flow by blocking the entry of soil and other residue, while tree shade inhibits the growth of algea.
59
Stream bank(n)
Kıyı E: Vegetation along rivers and stream banks helps maintain a steady water flow by blocking the entry of soil and other residue, while tree shade inhibits the growth of algea.
60
Steady water flow(n)
Sabit su akışı E: Vegetation along rivers and stream banks helps maintain a steady water flow by blocking the entry of soil and other residue, while tree shade inhibits the growth of algea.
61
Residue(n)
Artık,tortu E: Vegetation along rivers and stream banks helps maintain a steady water flow by blocking the entry of soil and other residue, while tree shade inhibits the growth of algea.
62
Inhibit(v)
Engellemek E: Vegetation along rivers and stream banks helps maintain a steady water flow by blocking the entry of soil and other residue, while tree shade inhibits the growth of algea.
63
Algea(n)
Yosun E: Vegetation along rivers and stream banks helps maintain a steady water flow by blocking the entry of soil and other residue, while tree shade inhibits the growth of algea.
64
Obliterate(v)
Yok etmek,imha etmek,bozmak E: Removing trees obliterates these benefits.
65
Erode(v)
Aşındırmak E: When eroding soil flows into waterways,the organic matter within it consumes more oxygen, which can lead to oxygen depletion in the water, killing fish and other wildlife.
66
The organic matter within it(n)
İçindeki organik madde E: When eroding soil flows into waterways,the organic matter within it consumes more oxygen, which can lead to oxygen depletion in the water, killing fish and other wildlife.
67
Consume(v)
Tüketmek E: When eroding soil flows into waterways,the organic matter within it consumes more oxygen, which can lead to oxygen depletion in the water, killing fish and other wildlife.
68
Oxygen depletion
Oksijen tüketimi,azalması E: When eroding soil flows into waterways,the organic matter within it consumes more oxygen, which can lead to oxygen depletion in the water, killing fish and other wildlife.
69
Defense(n)
Savunma E: Trees provide a natural defense against air pollution.
70
Filter(v)
Süzmek,süzgeç E: They remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere while they emit oxygen, and their leaves filter pollutants from the air.
71
Pollutant(n)
Çevre kirliliğine yol açan madde E: They remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere while they emit oxygen, and their leaves filter pollutants from the air.
72
Airborne(n)
Havayla gelen,havalanmış,havada,havada taşınan E: Cutting down trees keeps pollutants airborne,where they can mix with water vapor and form acid rain.
73
Form(v)
Biçimlendirmek,şekillendirmek,oluşturmak E: Cutting down trees keeps pollutants airborne,where they can mix with water vapor and form acid rain.
74
Stream(n)
Dere,akarsu E: Water quality in nearby streams and rivers also deteriorates as tree loss contributes to increased sedimentation.
75
Draw(v)
Çekmek,çizmek,karalamak E: In a healthy forest ecosystem, trees draw moisture from the soil and release it into the atmosphere while they provide shade to lessen evaporation.
76
Release(v)
Serbest bırakmak E: In a healthy forest ecosystem, trees draw moisture from the soil and release it into the atmosphere while they provide shade to lessen evaporation.
77
Shade(n)
Gölge E: In a healthy forest ecosystem, trees draw moisture from the soil and release it into the atmosphere while they provide shade to lessen evaporation.
78
Deforestation(n)
Ormansızlaştırma E: Thus, deforestation affects rainfall patterns, leading to flooding as well as drought and forest fires.
79
Rainfall patern(n)
Yağış modellerini E: Thus, deforestation affects rainfall patterns, leading to flooding as well as drought and forest fires.
80
Flood(v)(n)
Sel basmak/sel,taşkın E: Thus, deforestation affects rainfall patterns, leading to flooding as well as drought and forest fires.
81
Drought(n)
Kuraklık E: Thus, deforestation affects rainfall patterns, leading to flooding as well as drought and forest fires.
82
One-fifth
5’te biri E: Deforestation is responsible for about one-fifth of carbon dioxide emissions worlwide,making it a major contributor to climate change-in particular, global warming
83
Emision(n)
Yayma,salım E: Deforestation is responsible for about one-fifth of carbon dioxide emissions worlwide,making it a major contributor to climate change-in particular, global warming
84
Worlwide(adj)(adv)
Dünya çapındaki,bütün dünyada E: Deforestation is responsible for about one-fifth of carbon dioxide emissions worlwide,making it a major contributor to climate change-in particular, global warming
85
Contributor(n)
Katkıcı E: Deforestation is responsible for about one-fifth of carbon dioxide emissions worlwide,making it a major contributor to climate change-in particular, global warming
86
In particular
Özellikle E: Deforestation is responsible for about one-fifth of carbon dioxide emissions worlwide,making it a major contributor to climate change-in particular, global warming
87
Annually(adv)
Her yıl,yılda bir E: In the Amazon basic alone,deforestation is responsible for millions of tons of carbon being released into the atmosphere annually.
88
Tract(n)
Toprak,saha,bölge,alan E:Some logging companies burn large tracts of forest just to facilitate access to one area a practice that discharges even more carbon dioxide.
89
Discharge(v)
Tahliye etmek,boşaltmak,dışarı vermek E: Some logging companies burn large tracts of forest just to facilitate access to one area a practice that discharges even more carbon dioxide.
90
Even more(adv)
Daha da fazla E: Some logging companies burn large tracts of forest just to facilitate access to one area a practice that discharges even more carbon dioxide.
91
Extensive biodiversity(n)
Geniş biyolojik çeşitliliğe E: Forests, especially the tropical rainforests, are a vital natural resource with extensive biodiversity and irreplaceable wildlife habitats.
92
Irreplaceable(adj)
Yeri doldurulamaz E: Forests, especially the tropical rainforests, are a vital natural resource with extensive biodiversity and irreplaceable wildlife habitats.
93
More responsible logging practices
Daha sorumlu ağaç kesim uygulamaları E: More responsible logging practices would help ensure that they are protected for future generations.
94
Ensure(v)
Sağlamak,sağlama almak E: More responsible logging practices would help ensure that they are protected for future generations.
95
Basin(n)
Havza E: In the Amazon basin alone,deforestation is responsible for millions of tons of carbon being released into the atmosphere annually

İNGİLİZCE (9 decks)

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