Ielts-9

Question 1

extricate

Answer 1

v. untangle, free, release
ex·tri·cate /ˈekstrɪkeɪt/ v [T]
[Date: 1600-1700; Language: Latin; Origin: , past participle of extricare, from tricae ‘small difficulties’]
to escape from a difficult or embarrassing situation, or to help someone escape
extricate yourself/sb from sth
　How was he going to extricate himself from this situation?
to remove someone from a place in which they are trapped
extricate sb/yourself from sth
　Firemen had to extricate the driver from the wreckage.
رها کردن ، خلاصی بخشیدن ، آزاد کردن .
v. serbest bırakmak, salıvermek, çıkarmak, kurtarmak, zor durumdan çıkarmak, açığa çıkarmak [kim.], ayrıştırmak
v. dégager, délivrer
e: he saw the self and the social world as inextricably bound together

Question 2

dab

Answer 2

n. pat, tap; little bit, drop; expert (Slang); type of fish
v. touch lightly; spread lightly; apply small amounts
dab1 /dæb/ n [C]
[Date: 1200-1300; Origin: From the sound of hitting something]
a small amount of something that you put onto a surface
dab of
　a dab of butter
a light touch with your hand, a cloth etc
　She wiped her tears away with a dab of her handkerchief.
be a dab hand at/with sth
BrE informal to be very good at a particular activity
a small flat fish
dabs [plural] BrE old-fashioned your fingerprints dab 2
dab2 v past tense and past participle dabbed present participle dabbing
[I and T]
to touch something lightly several times, usually with something such as a cloth
　She dabbed her eyes with a handkerchief.
dab at
　He dabbed at his bleeding lip.
[T]
to put a substance onto something with quick light movements of your hand
dab sth on/onto etc sth
　She hastily dabbed some cream on her face.
تر کردن ، کهنه را نم زدن ، با چیزنرمی کسی رازدن یا نوازش کردن ، اندکی، قطعه ، تکه ، آهسته زدن .
n. hafif vuruş, hafif kompres; usta, uzman, erbap; pisibalığı türünden bir balık; parmak izi
v. hafif hafif vurmak, hafifçe dokunmak, hafifçe sürmek; parmak izi bırakmak; kurulamak, klişe yapmak
n. coup léger, tape; touche, petit morceau, un peu; “spécialiste” (argot); limande (poisson)
v. donner un petit coup, une tape; tapoter; tamponner; étaler
e: they dabbed some red power on the nose of infant to see his reaction

Question 3

level with

Answer 3

say honestly, speak frankly
level with
　Your eyes should be level with the top of the screen.
　The curtains aren’t quite level.
b) BrE two sports teams, competitors etc that are level have the same number of points
level with
　Before the weekend, Madrid was level with Barcelona.
　They finished level , with ten points each.
→ level-pegging
c) having the same value or position as something or someone else
level with
　Borrowing rates rose to over 8%, roughly level with those in America.
　He cycled along beside her, keeping level.
dire franchement
e: I’m gonna level with you this issue

Question 4

relic

Answer 4

n. remnant, item that remains from a past era; bones of the dead (especially of a religious martyr); souvenir, memento
rel·ic /ˈrelɪk/ n [C]
[Date: 1200-1300; Language: Old French; Origin: relique, from Latin reliquiae ‘things left behind’, from relinquere; RELINQUISH]
an old object or custom that reminds people of the past or that has lived on from a past time
　Roman relics found in a field
relic of
　the books and photos, relics of Rob’s university days
　Everything in the house seemed old and untouched, like relics of an ancient time.
a part of the body or clothing of a holy person which is kept after their death because it is thought to be holy
اثر، آثار مقدس، عتیقه ، یادگار، باستانی.
n. kalıntı, eski eser, yadigâr, hatıra, kutsal emanet
n. débris, reste; relique (ce qui reste d’un corps saint); vestige; souvenir
e: the conviction that historical relics provide infallible testimony about the past …

Question 5

fallible

Answer 5

adj. liable to fail, liable to err or make a mistake, not foolproof
fal·li·ble /ˈfælɪbəl/ adj formal
[Date: 1400-1500; Language: Medieval Latin; Origin: fallibilis, from Latin fallere ‘to deceive’]
able to make mistakes or be wrong
≠ infallible
　Humans are fallible.
　These surveys are often a rather fallible guide to public opinion.
>fallibility /ˌfælɪˈbɪlɪti/ n [U]
جایز الخطا، اشتباه کننده .
adj. yanılabilir, hatalı olabilir
adj. faillible

Question 6

chronicle

Answer 6

v. record, write down (historical or other events); narrate
n. narrative; written down record of events
chron·i·cle1 /ˈkrɔnɪkəl US ˈkrɑː-/ n [C]
[Date: 1300-1400; Language: Anglo-French; Origin: cronicle, from Latin chronica, from Greek, from chronikos; CHRONIC]
a written record of a series of events, especially historical events, written in the order in which they happened
chronicle of
　He has produced a chronicle of his life during the war years. chronicle 2
chronicle2 v [T]
to describe events in the order in which they happened
　His life is chronicled in a new biography published last week.
　The book chronicles the events leading up to the war.
شرح وقایع بترتیب تاریخ، تاریخچه .
v. kaydetmek (sırasıyla)
n. kronik, kronolojik yazılmış tarih, günün olayları
v. tenir une chronique
n. chronique, histoire; narration
e; it is now evident that artefacts are as easily altered as chronicles

Question 7

perplex

Answer 7

v. baffle; confuse; complicate
per·plex /pəˈpleks US pər-/ v [T]
[Date: 1500-1600; Origin: perplex ‘perplexed’ (14-17 centuries), from Latin perplexus, from plexus ‘twisted together’]
if something perplexes you, it makes you feel confused and worried because it is difficult to understand
= puzzle
　Shea’s symptoms perplexed the doctors.
>perplexing adj
　a perplexing problem
بهت زده کردن ، گیج کردن ، سردرگم کردن ، سرگشته کردن .
v. kafa karıştırmak, şaşırtmak, çapraşıklaştırmak
v. compliquer; confondre; embrouiller, troubler
e: The issue of whether long hours of labouring would interfere with children’s growing bodies began to perplex social reformers

Question 8

drop out

Answer 8

quit school; quit any organized endeavor (race, course, contest, etc.); leave, depart
drop out phr v
to no longer do an activity or belong to a group
　The group gets smaller as members move away or drop out.
to leave a school or university before your course has finished
→dropout drop out of
　Bill dropped out of college after his first year.
to refuse to take part in ordinary society because you do not agree with its principles
→dropout
　In the 60s, Timothy Leary famously urged kids to ‘Turn on, tune in and drop out.’
ayrılmak, çıkmak, bırakmak, okulu bırakmak
abandonner; partir, dégager, déguerpir
e: children dropped out by the age of 10 or 11

Question 9

procreate

Answer 9

v. reproduce, bear children; create, generate; multiply, proliferate, propagate, breed
pro·cre·ate /ˈprəukrieɪt US ˈprou-/ v [I and T]
[Date: 1500-1600; Language: Latin; Origin: , past participle of procreare, from creare; CREATE]
formal to produce children or baby animals
= reproduce
>procreation /ˌprəukriˈeɪʃən US ˌprou-/ n [U]
تولید کردن ، زادن .
v. doğurmak, yaratmak, üretmek
v. procréer, engendrer
e: Early marriage and procreation are no longer discouraged there.

Question 10

courteous

Answer 10

adj. polite, well-mannered, civil, gentlemanly, respectful
cour·te·ous /ˈkəːtiəs US ˈkəːr-/ adj
[Date: 1200-1300; Language: Old French; Origin: corteis, from court; COURT1]
polite and showing respect for other people
≠ discourteous
　The staff are always courteous and helpful.
　a courteous reply
با ادب، مودب، فروتن ، مودبانه .
adj. kibar, nazik, ince, saygılı
adj. courtois, poli, aimable
e: they may come off as more thoughtful and courteous

Question 11

oaf

Answer 11

n. simpleton; idiot; fool
oaf /əuf US ouf/ n [C]
[Date: 1600-1700; Language: Old Norse; Origin: alfr ‘elf’]
someone who is stupid or awkward, especially a man
>oafish adj
بچه ای که پریان بجای بچه حقیقی بگذارند، بچه ناقص الخلقه ، ساده لوح.
n. sakar, beceriksiz, sersem, hödük
n. rustre, idiot; lourdaud, simplet
e: function more like considerate colleagues instead of egocentric oafs

Question 12

pitch

Answer 12

n. relative highness or lowness of a sound; tar, asphalt; throw, toss; slant, inclination; place of business; number of characters in an inch (Computers)
v. establish, erect; throw, toss; cover with tar, spread with tar
pitch1 W3 /pɪtʃ/ n
——————————————————————————–
1【sports field】
2【strong feelings/activity】
3【music】
4【persuading】
5【baseball】
6【black substance】
7【ship/aircraft】
8【slope】
9【street/market】
——————————————————————————–
[Sense: 1-5, 7-9; Date: 1400-1500; Origin: PITCH2]
[Sense: 6; Origin: Old English pic, from Latin pix]
【SPORTS FIELD】 [C] BrE
a marked out area of ground on which a sport is played
= field
football/cricket/rugby etc pitch
　the world-famous Wembley football pitch
　He ran the length of the pitch and scored.
on the pitch
(=playing a sport)
　Jack was on the pitch for his school in the Senior Cup Final.
【STRONG FEELINGS/ACTIVITY】 [singular, U]
a strong level of feeling about something or a high level of an activity or a quality
　The controversy reached such a pitch (=become so strong) that the paper devoted a whole page to it.
a pitch of excitement/excellence/perfection etc
(=a high level of excitement etc)
　He screamed at her in a pitch of fury.
　The goal roused the crowd to fever pitch (=a very excited level) .
【MUSIC】
a) [singular, U]
how high or low a note or other sound is
　Ultrasonic waves are at a higher pitch than the human ear can hear.
b) [U]
the ability of a musician to play or sing a note at exactly the correct level
　She’s got perfect pitch .
【PERSUADING】 [C] informal
the things someone says to persuade people to buy something, do something, or accept an idea
　an aggressive salesman with a fast-talking sales pitch
make a/sb’s pitch (for sth)
(=try to persuade people to do something)
　He made his strongest pitch yet for standardized testing in schools.
【BASEBALL】 [C]
a throw of the ball, or a way in which it can be thrown
　His first pitch was high and wide.
【BLACK SUBSTANCE】[U]
a black, sticky substance that is used on roofs, the bottoms of ships etc to stop water coming through
　The night was as black as pitch (=very dark) .
→ pitch-black, pitch-dark
【SHIP/AIRCRAFT】[U]
an up and down movement of a ship or an aircraft
→roll
　the pitch and roll of the ship
【SLOPE】 [singular, U]
the degree to which a roof slopes or the sloping part of a roof
　the steep pitch of the roof
【STREET/MARKET】 [C] BrE
a place in a public area where someone who sells things to people goes to sell things or where an entertainer goes to sell things or perform
　We found the boy at his usual pitch at the bottom of the Acropolis.
→queer sb’s pitch/queer the pitch for sb at queer 3 pitch 2
pitch2 v
——————————————————————————–
1【throw】
2【ball games】
3【fall】
4【ship/plane】
5【set a level】
6【aim product】
7【business deals】
8【voice/music】
9 pitch a tent/pitch camp
10【slope】
11 pitch somebody a line
Phrasal verbs
　pitch in
　pitch into somebody/something
　pitch up
——————————————————————————–
[Date: 1100-1200; Origin: Origin unknown]
【THROW】 [T always + adverb/preposition]
to throw something with a lot of force, often aiming carefully
　She crumpled up the page and pitched it into the fire.

【BALL GAMES】
a) [I and T]
to aim and throw a ball in baseball
pitch to
　Stanton pitched to two batters in the ninth inning.
b) [I]
if a ball pitches in cricket or golf, it hits the ground
c) [T]
to hit the ball in a high curve in golf
d) [T]
to make the ball hit the ground when you are bowling in cricket
【FALL】 [I,T always + adverb/preposition]
to fall or be moved suddenly in a particular direction, or to make someone or something do this
pitch (sb/sth) forward/backward/over etc
　She slipped and pitched forward onto the ground.
pitch sb/sth into/onto/through etc sth
　Without a seatbelt, you can easily be pitched right through the windscreen.
【SHIP/PLANE】 [I]
if a ship or an aircraft pitches, it moves up and down in an uncontrolled way with the movement of the water or air
→ roll 2 (4), yaw
【SET A LEVEL】 [T usually passive]
a) to set a speech, examination, explanation etc at a particular level of difficulty
pitch sth at a high level/the right level etc
　The projects were pitched at a number of different levels.
　Some questions were pitched too high for intermediate students.
b) BrE to set prices at a particular level
pitch sth at sth
　Room rates are pitched at £69 for a single.
【AIM PRODUCT】 [T usually passive]
to aim a product at a particular type of organization, group of people etc, or to describe it in a particular way, in order to sell it
pitch sth at sb/sth
　The new machine will be pitched at users in the hotel and air reservation business.
pitch sth as sth
　It is pitched as a cheaper alternative to other workstations.
【BUSINESS DEALS】 [I and T] informal
to try to persuade someone to do business with you, buy something etc
pitch for business/contracts/custom etc
　Booksellers are keen to pitch for school business.
pitch to
　For many companies, pitching to investors has become almost a full-time job.
　sales reps pitching new gadgets
【VOICE/MUSIC】 [T always + adverb/preposition]
if you pitch your voice or another sound at a particular level, the sound is produced at that level
pitch sth high/low etc
　Her voice is pitched a little too high.
→ high-pitched, low-pitched
pitch a tent/pitch camp
to set up a tent or a camp for a short time
　Try and pitch your tent on level ground.
【SLOPE】 [I always + adverb/preposition]
to slope down
pitch gently/steeply etc
　The roof pitches sharply to the rear of the house.
→ pitched
pitch sb a line
AmE informal to tell someone a story or give them an excuse that is difficult to believe
　She pitched me some line about a bomb scare on the metro.
pitch in phr v
to join others and help with an activity
　If we all pitch in, we’ll have it finished in no time.
pitch in with
　Everyone pitched in with efforts to entertain the children.
to join others and pay part of the money towards something
　They all pitched in and the money was collected within a few days.
BrE to start to eat hungrily
　Pitch in - there’s plenty.
pitch into / [pitch into sb/sth] phr v
to suddenly start criticizing someone or hitting them
　She pitched into me as soon as I started to speak.
to start doing something, especially quickly and eagerly
　Rick pitched into decorating the house at once.
pitch up phr v
to arrive somewhere
= turn up
　Wait a bit longer - Bill hasn’t pitched up yet.
قیر، پرتاب، ضربت باچوگان ، نصب، استقرار، اوجپرواز، اوج، سرازیری، جای شیب، پلکان ، دانگ صدا، زیروبمی صدا، استوارکردن ، خیمه زدن ، برپاکردن ، نصب کردن ، (دربیسبال)توپ رابه طرف چوگان زن پرتاب کردن ، توپ را زدن .گام، درجه ، پرتاب کردن .
n. zift, derece, aşama, basamak, perde (ses), vida adımı, eğim, yokuş (uçak), testere dişi, alan, saha, tezgâh, işportacı tezgâhı, göz boyama
v. ziftlemek, zift kaplamak, atmak, çakmak, kurmak, yerleştirmek, yüklemek, akort etmek, perdesini ayarlamak (ses), taş döşemek (yol), sunmak (mal), düşmek, yalpalamak, sendelemek, eğimli olmak, kur yapmak, sokaklarda satmak
n. hauteur de son, ton, comble; degré, degré de pente ; lieu d’affaires; pas (navigation, aviation); lancement; écartement; espacement, nombre de caractères par pouce (informatique)
v. lancer; dresser; paver, empierrer une chaussée
e: Louise really pitched in when we were eating dinner

Question 13

discrepancy

Answer 13

n. difference, inconsistency; disagreement, lack of accord
di·screp·an·cy /dɪˈskrepənsi/ n plural discrepancies [U and C]

[Date: 1400-1500; Language: Latin; Origin: discrepare ‘to make unpleasant sounds that do not go together’]
a difference between two amounts, details, reports etc that should be the same
discrepancy in
　Police found discrepancies in the two men’s reports.
discrepancy between
　There is a large discrepancy between the ideal image of motherhood and the reality.
اختلاف.اختلاف، تفاوت، مورداختلاف. مغایرت
n. çelişki, uyuşmazlık, farklılık, aykırılık, tutarsızlık
n. désaccord, écart
e: discrepancy in bank accounts

Question 14

paraphernalia

Answer 14

n. equipment, tools; miscellaneous objects
par·a·pher·na·li·a /ˌpærəfəˈneɪliə US -fər-/ n [U]
[Date: 1600-1700; Language: Medieval Latin; Origin: Greek parapherna ‘things brought to a marriage by a woman apart from the agreed amount of money’, from pherne ‘dowry’]
a lot of small things that belong to someone, or are needed for a particular activity
　an electric kettle and all the paraphernalia for making tea and coffee
　travelling paraphernalia
the things and events that are connected with a particular activity, especially those which you think are unnecessary
　all the usual paraphernalia of bureaucracy
حق. - مدنی) اموال شخصی زن ، اثاثالبیت، اثاث، اسباب، لوازم، متعلقات، ضمائم، لفافه .
n. özel eşyalar, öteberi, araç gereç
n. effets; affaires
e: explains why we can often stand interruptions from our inconsiderate electronic paraphernalia

Question 15

dowry

Answer 15

n. dowery, money or estate that a woman brings to her groom; bride-price; natural gift, endowment
dow·ry /ˈdauəri US ˈdauri/ n plural dowries [C]
[Date: 1300-1400; Language: Anglo-French; Origin: dowarie, from Medieval Latin dotarium, from Latin dos ‘(marriage) gift’]
property and money that a woman gives to her husband when they marry in some societies
جهیز، جهاز، جهیزیه ، (م. م. ) کابین ، مهریه .
n. çeyiz, drahoma; yetenek, allah vergisi
n. dot

Question 16

roil

Answer 16

v. make turbid, make muddy; annoy, irritate
syn.: boil churn moil rile
آشفته کردن ، مخلوط کردن ، سرگردان شدن ، دنبال هم دویدن ، با جیغ و داد و بازیکردن .
f. bulandırmak; sinirlendirmek, öfkelendirmek. roil’y s bulanık, çamurlu.
v. souiller, ternir; irriter, ennuyer; fâcher
e; When these roiling tempests strike densely inhabited territories

Question 17

exquisite

Answer 17

adj. excellent, well made; sharp, intense; delicate, dainty
ex·qui·site /ɪkˈskwɪzɪt, ˈekskwɪ-/ adj
[Date: 1500-1600; Language: Latin; Origin: exquisitus, past participle of exquirere ‘to search out’, from quaerere ‘to look for’]
extremely beautiful and very delicately made
　the most exquisite craftsmanship
very sensitive and delicate in the way you behave or do things
　She has exquisite taste in art.
literary exquisite pain or pleasure is felt very strongly
>exquisitely adv
>exquisiteness n [U]
نفیس، بدیع، عالی، دلپسند، مطبوع، حساس، دقیق، شدید، سخت.
adj. nazik, kibar, nefis, hassas, keskin, şiddetli, aşırı
adj. exquis, excellent; piquant, vif; sensible, délicat, subtil
e; I was admiring the exquisite workmanship in the mosaic

Question 18

meticulous

Answer 18

adj. pedantic, cautious concerning minute details; scrupulous
me·tic·u·lous /mɪˈtɪkjʊləs/ adj
[Date: 1800-1900; Language: Latin; Origin: meticulosus ‘afraid’, from metus ‘fear’]
very careful about small details, and always making sure that everything is done correctly
　He kept meticulous accounts.
　Their planning and preparation were meticulous.
　He cleaned the tools with meticulous care.
　The book describes his journey in meticulous detail.
meticulous in
　He was meticulous in his use of words.
meticulous about
　He has always been so meticulous about his appearance.
>meticulously adv
　The attack was meticulously planned and executed.
باریک بین ، خیلی دقیق، وسواسی، ترسو، کمرو.
adj. titiz, çok dikkatli, kılı kırk yaran
adj. méticuleux; sévère, pédant, strict
e; that was just my meticulousness

Question 19

bug

Answer 19

n. insect; bacteria, virus; programming error which causes a malfunction (Computers); secret listening device
v. plant a microphone; annoy, bother, irritate
bug1 /bʌg/ n [C]
[Date: 1600-1700; Origin: Perhaps from bug ‘evil spirit, scarecrow’ (14-18 centuries)]
informal an illness that people catch very easily from each other but is not very serious
catch/pick up/get a bug
　I picked up a bug last weekend.
　There’s a nasty bug going round (=which a lot of people have caught) .
tummy/stomach bug
(=illness affecting your stomach)
　He’s off work with a stomach bug.
　a 24-hour flu bug
especially AmE a small insect
a fault in the system of instructions that operates a computer
　a bug in the software
→ debug
a small piece of electronic equipment for listening secretly to other people’s conversations
informal a sudden strong interest in doing something
the travel/sailing etc bug
　She’s got the travel bug.
　I had one flying lesson and immediately caught the bug (=became very interested in flying) . bug 2
bug2 past tense and past participle bugged present participle bugging
v [T]
informal to annoy someone
　It just bugs me that I have to work so many extra hours for no extra money.
　The baby’s crying is really bugging him.
to put a bug (=small piece of electronic equipment) somewhere secretly in order to listen to conversations
　Do you think the room is bugged?
Bug
Bug
AmE informal
a Beetle (=type of small Volkswagen car)
اشکال، گیر.حشره ، ساس، جوجو، بطور پنهانی درمحلی میکروفون نصب کردن .
n. tahtakurusu, böcek; tutku, merak, meraklı, tutkun, delilik; gizli mikrofon, dinleme cihazı
v. dinleme cihazı yerleştirmek; can sıkmak, kızdırmak
n. punaise; insecte; bactérie, virus, microbe; erreur, anomalie, mauvais fonctionnement; bogue, erreur de programmation, erreur dans la rédaction d’un logiciel entraînant des pannes de fonctionnement (Informatique); micro clandestin
v. placer des micros d’écoute; camoufler des micros cachés dans une pièce; brancher un téléphone sur table d’écoute; intercepter une conversation; ennuyer, énerver, emmerder, casser les pieds, irriter
e: did u bug my house?

Question 20

sobriety

Answer 20

n. calmness, seriousness; temperance, abstention or moderation in the consumption of alcoholic beverages
so·bri·e·ty /səˈbraɪəti/ n [U] formal
[Date: 1400-1500; Language: Old French; Origin: sobrieté, from Latin sobrietas, from sobrius; SOBER1]
when someone is not drunk
　John had periods of sobriety, but always went back to drinking.
behaviour that shows a serious attitude to life
هشیاری ( در برابر مستی )، متانت، اعتدال، دوران ترک اعتیاد.
n. ağırbaşlık, itidal
n. sobriété; lucidité de l’esprit
e: John had periods of sobriety, but always went back to drinking.

Question 21

shoddy

Answer 21

n. cheap cloth made from recycled wool; clothing of inferior quality; phony item, something that is cheap
adj. cheap, inferior, of poor quality; phony, imitative, fake
shod·dy /ˈʃɔdi US ˈʃɑːdi/ adj
[Date: 1800-1900; Origin: shoddy ‘cloth made from reused wool’ (19-20 centuries)]
made or done cheaply or carelessly
shoddy goods/service/workmanship etc
　We’re not paying good money for shoddy goods.
unfair and dishonest
　shoddy journalism
>shoddily adv
>shoddiness n [U]
پارچه پست، پست، بدساخت، جازده ، جنس بنجل، کالای تقلبی.
n. sökülerek yeniden örülmüş yün, ip söküğü, çaput, artık, kumaş artığı, değersiz şey, züppelik, bayağılık
adj. artık iplerle örülmüş, çaputlardan yapılmış, artık kumaşlardan yapılmış, bayağı, adi, sahte, kalitesiz, değersiz, kibarlık taslayan
n. drap de laine d’effilochage, tissu de récupération; médiocrité; de pacotille
adj. de mauvaise qualité, pas chers, imité
e: this very shoddy work , I don’t pay for it

Question 22

scythe

Answer 22

n. agricultural tool comprised of a long curved blade attached to a long handle (used for cutting and harvesting)
v. cut or harvest with a scythe
scythe1 /saɪð/ n [C]
[Language: Old English; Origin: sithe]
a farming tool that has a long curved blade attached to a long wooden handle, and is used to cut grain or long grass scythe 2
scythe2 v
[I and T]
to move through or destroy something quickly and violently
　Bullets scythed through the crowd.
[T]
to cut with a scythe
داس، با داس بردن ، درو کردن .
n. tırpan
v. tırpanla biçmek, tırpanlamak, biçmek
n. faux
v. faucher
e; they drew a scythe outside his house for threatening

Question 23

bar

Answer 23

n. rod; latch, bolt; partition; barrier; pub, tavern; counter; restriction; examination to enter the organization which authorizes lawyers and oversees the law profession; lawyers collectively
v. lock, barricade
prep. with the exception of
bar1 W1S1 /bɑː US bɑːr/ n [C]
——————————————————————————–
1【place to drink in】
2【place to buy drink】
3 a wine/coffee/snack etc bar
4 a breakfast bar
5【block shape】
6【piece of metal/wood】
7 behind bars
8【music】
9 bar to (doing) something
10 the bar
11 be called to the bar
12
13
14【pile of sand/stones】
15【colour/light】
16【uniforms】
17【heater】
——————————————————————————–
[Date: 1100-1200; Language: Old French; Origin: barre]
【PLACE TO DRINK IN】
a) a place where alcoholic drinks are served
→pub
　The hotel has a licensed bar .
　a cocktail bar
b) BrE one of the rooms inside a pub
　The public bar was crowded.
【PLACE TO BUY DRINK】
a counter where alcoholic drinks are served
　They stood at the bar.
a wine/coffee/snack etc bar
a place where a particular kind of food or drink is served
a breakfast bar
BrE a place in your kitchen at home where you eat breakfast or a quick meal
【BLOCK SHAPE】
a small block of solid material that is longer than it is wide
　a chocolate bar
　a candy bar
bar of
　a bar of soap
【PIECE OF METAL/WOOD】
a length of metal or wood put across a door, window etc to keep it shut or to prevent people going in or out
　houses with bars across the windows
behind bars informal
in prison
　Her killer was finally put behind bars .
【MUSIC】
a group of notes and rests, separated from other groups by vertical lines, into which a line of written music is divided
　a few bars of the song
bar to (doing) sth
written something that prevents you from achieving something that you want
　I could see no bar to our happiness.
the bar
a) BrE the group of people who are barristers
b) AmE an organization consisting of lawyers
be called to the bar
a) BrE to become a barrister
b) AmE to become a lawyer
a long narrow shape along the sides or at the top of a computer screen, usually containing signs that you can click on
　the main menu bar at the top of the screen
　the toolbar
→ scroll bar
the long piece of wood or metal across the top of the goal in sports such as football
　The ball sailed over the goalkeeper’s head, only to hit the bar.
【PILE OF SAND/STONES】
a long pile of sand or stones under the water at the entrance to a harbour
【COLOUR/LIGHT】
a narrow band of colour or light
【UNIFORMS】
a narrow band of metal or cloth worn on a military uniform to show rank
【HEATER】
BrE the part of an electric heater that provides heat and has a red light bar 2
bar2 past tense and past participle barred present participle barring
v [T]
to officially prevent someone from entering a place or from doing something
bar sb from (doing) sth
　They seized his passport and barred him from leaving the country.
to prevent people from going somewhere by placing something in their way
　She ran back, but Francis barred her way .
　A locked gate barred my entrance to the wood.
also bar up
to shut a door or window using a bar or piece of wood so that people cannot get in or out bar 3
bar3 prep
except
　We had recorded the whole album, bar one track.
bar none
used to emphasize that someone is the best of a particular group
　He’s the most talented actor in the country, bar none.
→ barring
میله ، شمش، مانع شدن .میل، میله ، شمش، تیر، نرده حائل، ( مج. ) مانع، جای ویژه زندانی در محکمه ، (باthe)وکالت، دادگاه ، هیئت وکلائ، میکده ، بارمشروب فروشی، ازبین رفتن (ادعا) رد کردن دادخواست، بستن ، مسدودکردن ، بازداشتن ، ممنوع کردن ، بجز، باستنثائ، بنداب.
n. demir çubuk, parmaklık; avukatlar, avukatlık; sürgü, bariyer, engel; kalıp; ışın, bar, meyhane, baro; yargı, levrek, çizgi
v. sürgülemek, hapsetmek, parmaklıkla çevirmek, parmaklık takmak; önünü kesmek, engellemek, menetmek, yasaklamak; katmamak, saymamak, hoşlanmamak; çizgi yapmak
prep. hariç, den başka, saymazsak
n. barre (fer, bois, chocolat); tablette (chocolat); barre (savon; lingot (or); raie (couleur); barrette (médaille); empêchement, obstacle; barre (des jurés); barreau (avocat); bar, café, bistro; mesure (Musique); bar (Météorologie); division, partition
v. fermer, verrouiller; barricader; barrer (une route); défendre, interdire
prep. excepté; sans; à l’exception de
e: he will stay alive, barring acts of God and murders

Question 24

pervert

Answer 24

n. deviant, one who has abnormal qualities, one who has aberrant qualities or behaviors
v. make incorrect, falsify; distort, deliberately misinterpret
syn.: abuse convolute corrupt debase debauch degenerate demoralise demoralize deprave deviant deviate misdirect misuse profane sophisticate subvert twist twist around vitiate /
/per·vert1 /pəˈvəːt US pərˈvəːrt/ v [T]
[Date: 1300-1400; Language: Old French; Origin: pervertir, from Latin pervertere, from vertere ‘to turn’]
to change something in an unnatural and often harmful way
　Genetic scientists are often accused of perverting nature.
to influence someone so that they begin to think or behave in an immoral way
= corrupt
　TV violence perverts the minds of young children.
pervert the course of justice
law to deliberately prevent a fair examination of the facts about a crime pervert 2
per·vert2 /ˈpəːvəːt US ˈpəːrvəːrt/ n [C]
someone whose sexual behaviour is considered unnatural and unacceptable
منحرف کردن ، از راه راست بدرکردن ، گمراه شدن ، مرتد، بدراه ، منحرف.
n. sapık, din değiştirmiş kimse
v. ayartmak, bozmak, baştan çıkarmak, çarpıtmak
n. perverti
v. pervertir, dépraver; détourner; dénaturer
e: what the hell are you doing there, are you some kind of pervert ?!

Question 25

ploy

Answer 25

n. maneuver, tactic; trick, plot, scheme syn.: gambit stratagemploy /plɔɪ/ n [C] [Date: 1600-1700; Origin: Probably from employ] a clever and dishonest way of tricking someone so that you can get an advantage 　His usual ploy is to pretend he's ill. ploy to do sth 　a smart ploy to win votes تمحید، عمل، اقدام، کار، امر، ورزش، خوشی، وجد. n. sefer, girişim, iş, dalavere, hile n. stratagème e: This is a ploy to get me cook meth again?

Question 26

mediocre

Answer 26

adj. of medium quality, regular, ordinary, neither good nor bad; low-grade, poor syn.: acceptable adequate average fair medium moderate ordinary passable so-so ant.: extreme me·di·o·cre /ˌmiːdiˈəukə US -ˈoukər/ adj [Date: 1500-1600; Language: French; Origin: Latin mediocris 'halfway up a mountain', from medius 'middle' + ocris 'stony mountain'] not very good = second rate 　I thought the book was pretty mediocre. 　a mediocre student >mediocrity /ˌmiːdiˈɔkrɪti US -ˈɑːk-/ n [U] حد وسط، متوسط، میانحال، وسط. adj. sıradan, alelâde, olağan, vasat, orta adj. médiocre; moyen; ordinaire; de peu de valeur; de qualité secondaire e; mediocre product

Question 27

proprietary

Answer 27

n. owner, proprietor; ownership; property, possession adj. of a proprietor, of an owner; of property, of a possession; protected by a patent or trade mark pro·pri·e·ta·ry /prəˈpraɪətəri US -teri/ adj formal [Date: 1400-1500; Language: Late Latin; Origin: proprietarius, from Latin proprietas; PROPERTY] especially BrE a proprietary product is one that is sold under a trade name ≠ generic 　a proprietary brand of insecticide 　proprietary software products relating to who owns something 　They have proprietary rights to the data. 　He has no proprietary interest in the farm (=he does not own any part of it) . proprietary behaviour makes it seem that you think you own something or someone اختصاصی، متعلق به ملاک ، وابسته به مالک . n. mal sahibi, mal sahipleri, hissedarlar, tescilli ilaç, tescilli mümessil adj. mal sahipliğine ait, mülkiyet ile ilgili, şahsi, özel, kişiye özel, tescilli, müseccel n. droit de propriété, propriété; propriétaire adj. relatif à la propriété industrielle, selon un brevet; relatif aux droits d'auteur; relatif à une marque déposée; relatif à un propriétaire e; I have some kind of proprietary on this formula for this product

Question 28

hunch

Answer 28

n. hump; protuberance; thick piece; protrusion; push, thrust; feeling, premonition, intuition, gut feeling v. push out or up to create a hump, arch in a convex manner; bend down, crouch, stoop down; shove, push hunch1 /hʌntʃ/ n [C] if you have a hunch that something is true or will happen, you feel that it is true or will happen →suspicion have a hunch (that) 　I had a hunch that something like this would happen. sb's hunch 　My hunch is that she's his mother. hunch 2 hunch2 v [I always + adverb/preposition] to bend down and forwards so that your back forms a curve hunch over 　He had to hunch over the steering wheel to see anything. hunch your shoulders to raise your shoulders into a rounded shape because you are cold, anxious etc >hunched adj 　a hunched figure sitting by the fire خم کردن ، بشکل قوز درآوردن ، ( باup یاout) قوز کردن ، تنه زدن ، قوز، گوژ، قلنبه ، فشار با آرنج، کوهان ، ظن ، احساس وقوع امری در آینده . n. kambur, hörgüç, topak, önsezi, eğilme v. kamburlaştırmak, çömelmek n. bosse; crainte; bloc; sensation v. voûter; arrondir e: your hunch was right

Question 29

hump

Answer 29

n. bump; rounded projection (especially on the back of humans or animals); small raised area of land, small hillock v. bend the back, arch the back upward; ball, engage in sexual intercourse (Vulgar Slang) hump1 /hʌmp/ n [Date: 1600-1700; Origin: Perhaps from Dutch homp or Low German humpe] [C] a large round shape that rises above the surface of something 　the hump of a hill speed/traffic humps BrE a series of humps in the road, designed to make traffic slow down hump [C] a raised part on the back of a camel [C] a raised part on someone's back that is caused by an unusually curved spine →hunchback be over the hump to have finished the most difficult part of something give sb the hump/get the hump BrE spoken to make someone feel angry or upset, or to feel angry or upset hump 2 hump2 v informal [T] BrE to carry something heavy from one place to another with difficulty = heave, lug lug →drag hump sth down/along/across etc 　I managed to hump the suitcases upstairs. [I and T] not polite to have sex with someone قوز، گوژ، کوهان ، برآمدگی گرد، پیاده روی، قوز کردن ، تروشروئی کردن ، رویکول انداختن . n. kambur, hörgüç, tümsek, tepe, huzursuzluk v. kamburlaştırmak, sırtında taşımak, sırtına almak, gayret etmek, huzursuz etmek, rahatsız etmek, ilişki kurmak, cinsel ilişkiye girmek n. bosse v. courber le dos, arrondir; voûter; baiser (Argot vulgaire), avoir des rapports sexuels

Question 30

gambit

Answer 30

n. tactic in which a piece is sacrificed to gain an advantage (Chess); maneuver by which one seeks to gain an advantage gam·bit /ˈgæmbɪt/ n [C] [Date: 1600-1700; Language: Italian; Origin: gambetto 'act of making someone fall over', from gamba 'leg'] something that you do or say which is intended to give you an advantage in an argument 　a clever debating gambit 　These questions are often an opening gambit (=the thing you say first) for a negotiation. a planned series of moves at the beginning of a game of chess شروع بازی شطرنج، از دست دادن یکی دو پیاده در برابر تحصیل امتیازاتی، بذله ، موضوع بحث. n. gambit (satranç), ilk söz, hesaplı hareket, hile n. gambit, manoeuvre (échecs) e: - that is really a brilliant gambit on my part

Question 31

culpable

Answer 31

adj. guilty, punishable, condemnable, worthy of blame syn.: blamable faulty guilty cul·pa·ble /ˈkʌlpəbəl/ adj [Date: 1200-1300; Language: Old French; Origin: coupable, from Latin culpabilis, from culpare 'to blame', from culpa 'guilt'] formal deserving blame 　Both parties were held to be to some extent culpable. law a culpable action is one that is considered criminal culpable homicide/negligence etc 　He pleaded guilty to culpable homicide. >culpably adv >culpability /ˌkʌlpəˈbɪlɪti/ n [U] مقصر، مجرم، سزاوار سرزنش، قابل مجازات adj. suçlu, kabahatli, kusurlu

Question 32

crib

Answer 32

n. small bed for a baby; feed rack for animals; stall; plagiarism; translation v. steal; imprison; place in a crib; copy, plagiarize; practice crib-biting (of a horse) crib1 /krɪb/ n [Language: Old English; Origin: cribb] [C] AmE a bed for a baby or young child, with bars on the side to stop the baby from falling out British Equivalent: cot [C] BrE a bed with high sides for a very young baby, which you can move gently from side to side = cradle [C] a wooden frame in which you put food for animals such as cows and horses [C] BrE a model of the scene of Jesus' birth, often placed in churches and homes at Christmas →Nativity [C] BrE informal a book or piece of paper with information or answers to questions, which students sometimes use dishonestly in examinations [C] AmE spoken the place where someone lives sb's crib 　I'm not at my crib, I'm at Jed's house. [U] the card game of cribbage crib 2 crib2 past tense and past participle cribbed present participle cribbing v [I and T] especially BrE [Date: 1700-1800; Origin: crib 'to steal from a basket' (18-19 centuries), from CRIB1] to copy school or college work dishonestly from someone else crib sth off/from sb 　He didn't want anyone to crib the answers from him. آخور، تختخواب بچه ، دله دزدی، دزدی ادبی، کش رفتن یا دزدیدن . n. beşik, bebek yatağı, çocuk yatağı; yemlik; ahır, kulübe, ev; kopya; aşırma v. ahıra tıkmak, ahırı yemlikle donatmak; kopya çekmek; aşırmak; çalmak n. lit d'enfant; mangeoire, râtelier, huche, armoire; plagiat; vol; traduction v. copier; voler e: Mary deposited the baby in the crib

Question 33

warrant

Answer 33

n. authorization, sanction; justification; authority; license to search (a house, etc.); authorization to make an arrest; guarantee; license; voucher; empowerment v. authorize; justify, entitle; empower; permit; sanction; vouch for, guarantee; pledge war·rant1 /ˈwɔrənt US ˈwɔː-, ˈwɑː-/ n [Date: 1100-1200; Language: Old North French; Origin: warant] [C] a legal document that is signed by a judge, allowing the police to take a particular action warrant for 　The magistrate issued a warrant for his arrest. → death warrant, search warrant [C] an official document giving someone the right to do something, for example buy shares in a company 　The company issued warrants for 300,000 shares of Common Stock. formal no warrant for (doing) sth no good reason for doing something 　There is no warrant for copying other people's work. → unwarranted warrant 2 warrant2 v [T] [Date: 1200-1300; Language: Old North French; Origin: warantir, from warant; WARRANT1] to need or deserve 　This tiny crowd does not warrant such a large police presence. warrant attention/consideration etc 　Another area that warrants attention is that of funding for universities. to promise that something is true warrant that 　The Author hereby warrants that the Publisher is the owner of the copyright. I'll warrant (you) old-fashioned used to tell someone that you are sure about something warrant (that) 　I'll warrant we won't see him again. سند عندالمطالبه ، گواهی کردن ، تضمین کردن ، گواهی، حکم. n. garanti, teminât, vekâletname, yetki belgesi, hak, yetki, ruhsat, izin belgesi, tayin emri, haklı neden v. yetki vermek, mazur göstermek, izin vermek, ruhsat vermek, garanti etmek, temin etmek, kefil olmak n. garantie; autorisation; justification; mandat de perquisition; mandat d'arrêt; autorité, pouvoir; certificat; ordonnance, paiement; garantie, gage; procuration v. garantir, certifier; répondre de quelque chose; confirmer; justifier; promettre e; ok u want a warrant to enter this parking lot?

Question 34

paw

Answer 34

n. animal foot v. touch, feel; scratch, strike; fondle, caress (Slang) PAW (parents are watching) [pɔː] be careful about what you type because my parents are looking at the computer screen (Internet Slang) paw1 /pɔː US pɔː/ n [C] fur, paw, claw [Date: 1200-1300; Language: Old French; Origin: poue] an animal's foot that has nails or claws 　a lion's paw informal someone's hand - used when you are annoyed or angry 　Keep your filthy paws off me! paw 2 paw2 v [I and T] if an animal paws a surface, it touches or rubs one place several times with its paw paw at 　The dog's pawing at the door again - let him out. 　His horse pawed the ground. informal to feel or touch someone in a rough or sexual way that is offensive 　He'd had too much to drink and started pawing me. پنجه ، پا، چنگال، دست، پنجه زدن . n. pati, pençe, çirkin el yazısı v. yeri eşelemek (at), pençe atmak, ellemek (kabaca) n. main; patte; plante du pied (d'un animal) v. tripoter (argot), griffer; donner un coup de patte e: snatching the fish with their mighty paws

Question 35

posterity

Answer 35

n. offspring, descendants; future generations pos·ter·i·ty /pɔˈsterɪti US pɑː-/ n [U] formal all the people in the future who will be alive after you are dead preserve/record/keep etc sth for posterity 　a priceless work of art that must be kept for posterity اولاد، اعقاب، زادگان ، اخلاف، آیندگان . n. gelecek kuşaklar, soy, nesil n. descendants; la prochaine génération e: it is our resposibility to presrve them for posterity

Question 36

impeccable

Answer 36

adj. faultless, perfect; free from sin, pure im·pec·ca·ble /ɪmˈpekəbəl/ adj [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Latin; Origin: impeccabilis, from peccare 'to do bad things'] without any faults and impossible to criticize = perfect 　She has taught her children impeccable manners . 　a bar with impeccable service >impeccably adv 　impeccably dressed بی عیب و نقص. adj. kusursuz, hatasız, günahsız, şüphe edilmeyen adj. impeccable, sans défaut; pur; parfait e: the quality of the product maybe impeccable

Question 37

nab

Answer 37

v. seize quickly and stealthily; arrest; grab; steal (Informal) nab /næb/ v past tense and past participle nabbed present participle nabbing [T] informal [Date: 1600-1700; Origin: Perhaps from nap 'to seize' (17-19 centuries), from a Scandinavian language] to catch or arrest someone who is doing something wrong 　The police nabbed him for speeding. to get something or someone quickly, especially before anyone else can get them 　See if you can nab a seat. قاپیدن ، دستگیر کردن ، توقیف. v. kapmak, yakalamak v. épingler (un malfaiteur), arrêter; chiper subitement, voler e: Police will nab me if I do this

Question 38

trek

Answer 38

n. journey, difficult journey; hike with knapsacks that lasts a few days v. journey, make a difficult or long journey, migrate trek1 /trek/ n [C] a long and difficult journey, made especially on foot as an adventure = hike 　a lonely trek through the forest informal a distance that seems long when you walk it 　I'm afraid it's a bit of a trek to the station. trek 2 trek2 past tense and past participle trekked present participle trekking v [I always + adverb/preposition] [Date: 1800-1900; Language: Afrikaans; Origin: Middle Dutch trecken 'to pull, haul, move to new land'] informal to make a long and difficult journey, especially on foot = hike trek up/down etc 　The elevator was broken, so we had to trek up six flights of stairs. to walk a long way, especially in the mountains, as an adventure = hike trek in/across etc 　For five days he trekked across the mountains of central China. سفر، کوچ مسافرت باگاری، بازحمت حرکت کردن ، باسختی وآهستگی مسافرت کردن . n. kağnı ile gitme, göç (zorlu) v. kağnı ile gitmek, öküz arabası ile göç etmek, göçmek n. voyage, expédition, long voyage, randonnée; excursion de plusieurs jours v. faire une randonnée; faire un voyage long et pénible e; lawyer who joked that his annual treks to the mountain had earned him the right to have it named after him, mount Rushmond

Question 39

rationale

Answer 39

n. argument, reasoning; grounds for an action ra·tio·nale /ˌræʃəˈnɑːl US -ˈnæl/ n [C usually singular] [Date: 1600-1700; Language: Modern Latin; Origin: Latin rationalis; RATIONAL] formal the reasons for a decision, belief etc rationale behind/for/of 　The rationale behind the changes is not at all evident. 　The rationale for using this teaching method is to encourage student confidence. توضیح اصول عقاید، اس اساس، بنیاد و پایه . n. mantık, mantıklı açıklama, gerekçe n. argument, raison, motif e; the rationale being to make significant financial savings on lower international labour rates

Question 40

ethos

Answer 40

n. (Anthropology) characteristic nature of a people or community or era; natural disposition of a people or community e·thos /ˈiːθɔs US ˈiːθɑːs/ n [singular] [Date: 1800-1900; Language: Greek; Origin: 'custom, character'] the set of ideas and moral attitudes that are typical of a particular group 　a community in which people lived according to an ethos of sharing and caring عادات ورسوم قومی، صفات وشخصیت انسان n. kültürel yapı, ahlâki yapı, kültür, ahlâki değer n. systèmes de valeurs e: a grading system has been developed that encourages an ethos of hard work and recognises accomplishment

Question 41

stunt

Answer 41

n. daring feat, exploit, act requiring great strength or skill; something that is done to attract attention v. perform a stunt; impede the growth or development of, dwarf, retard stunt1 /stʌnt/ n [C] [Date: 1800-1900; Origin: Perhaps from stump 'something risky which someone has persuaded you to do'] a dangerous action that is done to entertain people, especially in a film stuntman 　Not many actors do their own stunts . 　a stunt flying show something that is done to attract people's attention, especially in advertising or politics 　Todd flew over the city in a hot air balloon as a publicity stunt . pull a stunt to do something that is silly or that is slightly dangerous 　Next time you pull a stunt like that don't expect me to get you out of trouble. stunt 2 stunt2 v [T] [Date: 1600-1700; Origin: stunt 'rude, stunted' (16-19 centuries), probably from a Scandinavian language] to stop something or someone from growing to their full size or developing properly 　Lack of sunlight will stunt the plant's growth. از رشد بازماندن ، کوتاه نگاه داشتن ، کوتاه ، زور، شاهکار، شیرین ، بدل کاری کردن، کاری، شیرین کاری کردن . آکروباسی کرن n. hüner, numara, marifet, akrobatik uçuş, gösteri uçuşu v. büyümesine engel olmak, bodur bırakmak, dikkat çekici reklam yapmak, akrobatik uçuş yapmak n. coup d'épate, affaire de publicité; tour de force; acrobatie v. arrêter dans sa croissance; rabougrir; retarder, restreindre, réduire e; This improvement alone has solved many problems that had before stunted the growth of the company

Question 42

anonymous

Answer 42

adj. nameless, of an unknown person a·non·y·mous /əˈnɔnɪməs US əˈnɑː-/ adj [Date: 1600-1700; Language: Late Latin; Origin: anonymus, from Greek, from an- 'without' + onyma 'name'] unknown by name 　the anonymous author of a collection of poems anonymous donor/benefactor 　the anonymous donor of a large sum of money 　According to one employee, who wishes to remain anonymous , the company engaged in illegal activities. done, sent, or given by someone who does not want their name to be known 　an anonymous donation of $5,000 anonymous phone call/letter etc (=one that is often unpleasant or contains threats) written uninteresting in features or qualities - used to show disapproval 　grey, anonymous housing estates >anonymously adv بی نام، دارای نام مستعار، تخلصی، لاادری. adj. anonim, imzasız, isimsiz, yaratıcısı bilinmeyen adj. anonyme, incognito e; In the past, anonymous complaints had been at the root of much confusion

Question 43

testament

Answer 43

n. will; covenant between God and man tes·ta·ment /ˈtestəmənt/ n [C] formal [Date: 1200-1300; Language: Latin; Origin: testamentum 'last will', from testari 'to be a witness, make a will', from testis; TESTIFY] be a testament to sth proving or showing very clearly that something exists or is true 　The aircraft's safety record is a testament to its designers' skill. a will 2(2) >testamentary /ˌtestəˈmentəri/ adj → New Testament, Old Testament وصیت نامه ، پیمان ، تدوین وصیت نامه ، عهد. شاهد n. vasiyetname, vasiyet, ahit, inançların açıklanması n. testament e: These figures are truly admirable and serve as a testament to the measures that Khanna has introduced

Question 44

ambush

Answer 44

n. act of hiding in order to make a surprise attack v. hide in order to make a surprise attack am·bush /ˈæmbuʃ/ n [U and C] lurk [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Old French; Origin: embuschier, from en 'in' + busche 'wood'] a sudden attack on someone by people who have been hiding and waiting for them, or the place where this happens 　The soldiers were killed in an ambush. 　In winter the danger of ambush is much reduced. lie/wait in ambush 　Armed police lay in ambush behind the hedge. >ambush v [T] 　Everybody thought our train would be ambushed, but we got out safely. کمین ، کینگاه ، دام، سربازانی که درکمین نشسته اند، پناه گاه ، مخفی گاه سربازان برای حمله ، کمین کردن ، در کمین نشستن . n. tuzak, pusu, pusuya yatmış askerler v. pusuya yatmak, tuzak kurmak, pusuya düşürmek, pusuya yerleştirmek n. embuscade v. tendre une embuscade e: all we know two men ambushed him

Question 45

repugnant

Answer 45

adj. offensive, disgusting; contradictory, inconsistent; averse, opposed re·pug·nant /rɪˈpʌgnənt/ adj formal [Date: 1700-1800; Language: French; Origin: Latin, present participle of repugnare 'to fight against'] very unpleasant and offensive = repellent v. repugn= contend, contest, resist, fight against, oppose; refute deeply/utterly/wholly etc repugnant 　I find his political ideas totally repugnant. repugnant to 　Animal experiments are morally repugnant to many people. متناقض، مخالف، تنفرانگیز، زننده . adj. iğrenç, itici, aykırı, karşı, muhalif, isteksiz, gönülsüz adj. répugnant, dégoûtant; contradictoire; opposé; incompatible e: Australia demands China apology for repugnant post

Question 46

peril

Answer 46

n. danger, risk, hazard v. put at risk, endanger, jeopardize per·il /ˈperɪl/ n [Date: 1200-1300; Language: Old French; Origin: Latin periculum] [U] literary or formal great danger, especially of being harmed or killed in peril 　They put their own lives in peril to rescue their friends. great/grave/serious peril 　The economy is now in grave peril. 　a voyage that was fraught with peril (=full of danger) [C usually plural] literary or formal a danger or problem in a particular activity or situation 　the perils posed by mountaineering peril of 　the perils of the sea do sth at your peril used to say that what someone is intending to do is dangerous or could cause them problems 　Politicians ignore this issue at their peril. خطر، مخاطره ، بیم زیان ، مسئولیت، درخطر انداختن ، در خطر بودن . n. tehlike v. tehlikeye atmak n. péril, danger v. mettre en péril e: UK reportedly draw up secret assessment of Corona perils as new tiering system looms large

Question 47

tier

Answer 47

n. one of a series of rows, layer, level, rank tier /tɪə US tɪr/ n [C] [Date: 1400-1500; Language: Old French; Origin: tire 'order, rank'; ATTIRE] one of several levels or layers that rise up one above the other 　The lower tier has 10,000 seats. in tiers 　Terraces of olive trees rose in tiers. two-tiered/three-tiered etc (=having two, three etc levels or layers) 　a three-tiered wedding cake one of several levels in an organization or system tier of 　the most senior tier of management the first/second etc tier 　The second tier of the programme is in-house training. 　a two-tier system of government ردیف صندلی، ردیف، رده ، صف، ردیف کردن ، ردیف شدن . n. sıra, dizi, aşama, rütbe n. gradin, étage, niveau, rang, degré

Question 48

ratify

Answer 48

v. approve, authorize, confirm, sanction rat·i·fy /ˈrætɪfaɪ/ v past tense and past participle ratified present participle ratifying third person singular ratifies [T] [Date: 1300-1400; Language: French; Origin: ratifier, from Medieval Latin ratificare, from Latin ratus; RATE1] to make a written agreement official by signing it ratify a treaty/an agreement/a decision etc 　We hope that the republics will be willing to ratify the treaty. >ratification /ˌrætɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ n [U] 　an attempt to delay ratification of the treaty بتصویب رساندن ، تصویب کردن . v. onaylamak, tasdik etmek, onamak v. ratifier, confirmer, approuver, attester, autoriser, homologuer e: Iranian parliament ratifies general outlines for nuclear revival plan after top scientist killed

Question 49

maul

Answer 49

n. hammer, sledge-hammer; brawl v. wound, crush, mutilate; behave crudely; handle roughly or carelessly maul /mɔːl US mɔːl/ v [T] [Date: 1300-1400; Origin: maul 'hammer' (13-20 centuries), from Old French mail, from Latin malleus] if an animal mauls someone, it injures them badly by tearing their flesh 　A mentally ill man was mauled after climbing into the lions' enclosure at London Zoo. to strongly criticize something, especially a new book, play etc 　Her latest book was absolutely mauled by the critics. to touch someone in a rough sexual way which they think is unpleasant 　What makes you think you've got the right to maul me like that? informal to defeat someone very easily - used especially in sports reports 　Stanford have looked quite good lately. They absolutely mauled Notre Dame last weekend. >mauling n [singular] 　Juppe got a mauling over the government's failure to fulfil its promises. چکش چوبی، تخماق، چماق، گرز، توپوز، ضربت سنگین ، باچکش زدن یاکوبیدن ، خردکردن ، له کردن ، صدمه زدن . n. tokmak v. dövmek, hırpalamak, yaralamak, yarmak n. marteau, maillet; dispute, querelle v. maul (rugby); blesser, mutiler; éreinter, tailler en pièces (sens figuré) e; Big cat mauls volunteer at Tiger king sanctuary

Question 50

limbo

Answer 50

n. place between heaven and hell (Catholicism); state of oblivion; transitional state; dance in which the dancer bends backward and moves under a horizontal bar (originated in the West Indies) lim·bo /ˈlɪmbəu US -bou/ n [Sense: 1; Date: 1300-1400; Language: Medieval Latin; Origin: Latin limbus 'border'] [Sense: 2; Date: 1900-2000; Origin: LIMBER2] [singular, U] a situation in which nothing happens or changes for a long period of time, and it is difficult to make decisions or know what to do, often because you are waiting for something else to happen first be in limbo 　I'm in limbo now until I know whether I've got the job. limbo of 　the limbo of his eight years in jail the limbo a West Indian dance in which the dancer leans backwards and goes under a stick that is lowered gradually کنار دوزخ، برزخ. n. cehennemin sınırındaki yer, zindan, belirsizlik, muallak n. limbes, lieu entre l'enfer et le paradis (Catholicisme); état vague; état transitionnel; incertitude; limbo, danse où le danseur doit se courber et essayer de passer sous une barre horizontale e: Brexit talks in limbo as UK claims EU comes up with new demands at last moment

Question 51

conciliate

Answer 51

syn.: allay alleviate calm moderate pacify quiet restrain soothe ant.: alienate estrange con·cil·i·ate /kənˈsɪlieɪt/ v [I and T] formal [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Latin; Origin: , past participle of conciliare 'to bring together, unite', from concilium; COUNCIL] to do something to make people more likely to stop arguing, especially by giving them something they want 　proposals designed to conciliate the unions >conciliator n [C] ساکت کردن ، آرام کردن ، مطالعه کردن ، آشتی دادن . v. gönlünü almak, dostluğunu kazanmak, yatıştırmak, uzlaştırmak, barıştırmak v. concilier, calmer e: Merkel, Macron reportedly make Johnson conciliatory final offer on Brexit talks to avoid No-Deal

Question 52

impale

Answer 52

v. pin down, fix in place with a sharp or pointed object; pierce through with a sharp object, stab; make helpless, immobilize with a word or look im·pale /ɪmˈpeɪl/ v [T often passive] [Date: 1500-1600; Language: French; Origin: empaler, from Medieval Latin impalare, from Latin palus 'pointed stick'] if someone or something is impaled, a sharp pointed object goes through them be impaled on sth 　Their heads were impaled on Charles Bridge as a warning to others. >impalement n [U and C] چهار میل کردن ، بر چوب آویختن ، سوراخ کردن ، احاطه کردن ، محدود کردن ، میله کشیدن . v. kazığa oturtmak, kazık sokmak v. empaler; embrocher, enfoncer un objet tranchant; percer, fendre e: man guilty of shooting and impaling rowdy rooster

Question 53

rowdy

Answer 53

n. noisy or disorderly person, hooligan, ruffian adj. rough, noisy, disorderly, wild, unruly row·dy1 /ˈraudi/ adj [Date: 1800-1900; Origin: Perhaps from row 'unpleasant noise' (18-21 centuries)] behaving in a noisy rough way that is likely to cause arguments and fighting 　gangs of rowdy youths >rowdily adv >rowdiness n [U] >rowdyism n [U] rowdy 2 rowdy2 plural rowdies n [C usually plural] old-fashioned someone who behaves in a rough noisy way پر سر و صدا، خشن ، داد و بیداد کن ، سرکش، سر و صدا و آشوب کردن . n. kabadayı, külhanbeyi, dayı, bıçkın delikanlı adj. baldırı çıplak, kabadayı, zorba n. chahuteur, tapageur; querelleur, personne bruyante adj. turbulent, voyou; bruyant; désordonné; sauvage

Question 54

buck

Answer 54

n. male deer; male rabbit; dollar (Slang) v. move rapidly and with violence; jump vertically legs stiff and back arched ; bet, gamble (Slang) buck1 S1 /bʌk/ n [C] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1【dollar】 2 the buck stops here 3 pass the buck 4【animal】 5 feel/look like a million bucks 6【man】 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [Sense: 1,4; Date: 1800-1900; Origin: Perhaps from buckskin; because it was used as a unit of exchange in trade with Native Americans.] [Sense: 2; Date: 1900-2000; Origin: buck 'object used in the card game of poker to mark the next person to play' (19-20 centuries), from buckhorn knife 'knife with a handle made from a buck's horn' (19-20 centuries).] [Sense: 3, 5; Origin: Old English bucca 'male deer or goat'] 【DOLLAR】 informal a US, Canadian, or Australian dollar 　He owes me ten bucks. 　The movie is about a group of men trying to make a buck (=earn some money) as male strippers. big/mega bucks (=a lot of money) 　Using celebrities in advertising is guaranteed to pull in big bucks. make a fast/quick buck (=make some money quickly, often dishonestly) the buck stops here also the buck stops with sb used to say that a particular person is responsible for something 　The buck stops firmly with the boss. pass the buck to make someone else them responsible for something that you should deal with 【ANIMAL】 plural buck or bucks a male rabbit, deer, and some other male animals →doe feel/look like a million bucks informal especially AmE to feel or look very healthy, happy, and beautiful 【MAN】 old-fashioned a young man →(get) a bigger/better etc bang for your buck at bang 1 (5) buck 2 buck2 v -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1【horse】 2【move suddenly】 3【oppose】 4【make somebody happier】 Phrasal verbs 　buck for something 　buck up -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 【HORSE】 [I] if a horse bucks, it kicks its back feet into the air, or jumps with all four feet off the ground 【MOVE SUDDENLY】 [I] to suddenly move up and down or backwards and forwards in an uncontrolled way 　The plane bucked sharply. 【OPPOSE】 [T] to oppose something in a direct way 　He was a rebel who continually bucked the system (=opposed rules or authority) . 　Unemployment in the area has bucked the national trend by falling over the last month. buck against 　Initially he had bucked against her restraints. 【MAKE SOMEBODY HAPPIER】 [T] to make someone feel more happy, confident, or healthy 　He was bucked by the success he'd had. 　She gave me a tonic which bucked me a little. buck for [buck for sth] phr v to try very hard to get something, especially a good position at work 　He's bucking for promotion. buck up phr v to become happier or to make someone happier 　Come on, buck up, things aren't that bad! buck sb⇔up 　You need something to buck you up. buck up! BrE old-fashioned used to tell someone to hurry up 　Buck up, John! We'll be late. informal to improve, or to make something improve 　It'll be a long time before the situation starts to buck up. buck sth⇔up 　a company that is looking to buck up its networking capabilities buck your ideas up BrE informal used to tell someone to improve their behaviour or attitude buck 3 buck3 adv AmE buck naked not wearing any clothes جنس نر آهو وحیوانات دیگر، ( آمر ) قوچ، دلار، بالا پریدن وقوز کردن ( چون اسب )، ازروی خرک پریدن ، مخالفت کردن با ( دربازی فوتبال وغیره )، جفتک ، جفتک انداختن . n. sorumluluk; antilop; dolar, papel; sıçrayan hayvan, erkek geyik; züppe; erkek kızılderili; zenci; pokerde kâğıt dağıtma sırası v. sıçramak, sıçrayıp binicisini düşürmek; karşı gelmek, itaatsizlik etmek, itiraz etmek buck 2 adj. erkeklerle ilgili, erkeklere özel n. daim, chevreuil (mâle); male (renne, chamois, lapin); dollar (Argot) v. parier, miser (Argot) e: The mask-wearing city that bucked the trend

Question 55

dissident

Answer 55

n. dissenter, protester adj. opposing, dissenting, disagreeing dis·si·dent /ˈdɪsɪdənt/ n [C] [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Latin; Origin: dissidere 'to sit apart, disagree', from sedere 'to sit'] someone who publicly criticizes the government in a country where this is punished 　a prominent political dissident >dissident adj [only before noun] 　dissident writers >dissent V >dissidence n [U] مخالف (عقیده عموم)، معاند، ناموافق. n. muhalif, karşıt görüşlü kimse, karşı gelen kimse; kiliseye karşı olan kimse adj. karşıt görüşlü, muhalif n. dissident adj. dissident, opposant e: dissident journalist, Zam, executed in Iran

Question 56

scuffle

Answer 56

n. quarrel, minor fight, altercation v. quarrel, engage in a minor fight scuf·fle1 /ˈskʌfəl/ n [C] [Date: 1500-1600; Origin: Probably from a Scandinavian language] a short fight that is not very violent 　 Scuffles broke out between rival supporters during the match. scuffle with/between 　scuffles with police scuffle 2 scuffle2 v [I] to have a short fight with someone, in a way that is not very serious or violent scuffle with 　Some of the demonstrators scuffled with the police. [always + adverb/preposition] to walk quickly and make a noise as your feet rub on the ground نزاع، غوغا، کشمکش، جنجال، مشاجره ، کشمکش کردن ، دست بیقه شدن با. n. itiş kakış, boğuşma, kavga v. itişip kakışmak, boğuşmak, saç saça başbaşa kavga etmek, ayaklarını sürümek n. bagarre, dispute, querelle v. se disputer; se battre; se bagarrer e: Pro-Trump rallies see scuffles in US cities

Question 57

flaunt

Answer 57

v. show off, boast, display showily flaunt /flɔːnt US flɔːnt, flɑːnt/ v [T] [Date: 1500-1600; Origin: Probably from a Scandinavian language] to show your money, success, beauty etc so that other people notice it - used to show disapproval 　The rich flaunted their wealth while the poor starved on the streets. if you've got it, flaunt it spoken used humorously to tell someone not to hide their beauty, wealth, or abilities به رخ کشیدن ، بالیدن ، خرامیدن ، جولان دادن ، خودنمائی، جلوه . v. hava atmak, gösteriş yapmak, övünerek göstermek, azametle dalgalanmak, açıkça karşı gelmek v. faire étalage de; afficher e: 'Are u a porn star?!' fans frown as Emily posts steamy naked pics flaunting baby bump

Question 58

perch

Answer 58

n. branch; position, standing; safe place; type of spiny fish found in European and North American waters v. sit on a rod; sit on a branch; alight, land (Slang); seat, sit; position, make stand perch1 /pəːtʃ US pəːrtʃ/ n [C] [Sense: 1-2; Date: 1200-1300; Language: Old French; Origin: perche, from Latin pertica 'pole'] [Sense: 3; Date: 1300-1400; Language: Old French; Origin: perche, from Latin perca, from Greek perke] a branch or stick where a bird sits informal a high place or position, especially one where you can sit and watch something 　She watched the parade from her perch on her father's shoulders. a type of fish that lives in lakes and rivers perch 2 perch2 v be perched on/above etc sth to be in a position on top of something or on the edge of something 　a house perched on a cliff above the town perch (yourself) on sth to sit on top of something or on the edge of something 　Bobby had perched himself on a tall wooden stool. [I + on] if a bird perches on something, it flies down and sits on it نشیمن گاه پرنده ، چوب زیر پائی، تیر، میل، جایگاه بلند، جای امن ، نشستن ، قرار گرفتن ، فرود آمدن ، درجای بلند قرار دادن . n. levrek (tatlısu) [zool.], tatlısu levreği, tünek, yüksekteki konum, ölçü sırığı, beş metrelik uzunluk ölçüsü (yaklaşık) v. tünemek, konmak, oturmak, yerleştirmek n. perche; branche; position; lieu sûr v. être perché; être assis sur une branche; atterrir (familier); faire asseoir; mettre debout e: Bird of pray rescued from Christmas tree perch

Question 59

mutinous

Answer 59

adj. rebellious, disobedient, given to mutiny mu·ti·nous /ˈmjuːtɪnəs US -tn-əs/ adj written showing by your behaviour or appearance that you do not want to obey someone = rebellious 　There was a mutinous look in Rosie's eyes. involved in a mutiny >mutinously adv یاغی. adj. asi, isyancı, isyankâr adj. rebelle; révolté e: Biden reportedly considers mutinous republicans' for his economic team

Question 60

Bolster

Answer 60

n. long ornamental pillow for a bed or sofa, cushion v. support, strengthen, reinforce bol·ster1 /ˈbəulstə US ˈboulstər/ v also bolster up [T] to help someone to feel better and more positive 　He is making a bold attempt to bolster the territory's confidence. to improve something 　his efforts to bolster his career bolster 2 bolster2 n [C] [Language: Old English;] a long firm pillow, usually shaped like a tube بالش، متکا، تیری که بطور عمودی زیرپایه گذارده شود، بابالش نگهداشتن ، پشتی کردن ، تکیه دادن ، تقویت کردن . n. uzun yastık, yastık, destek v. yastıklamak, desteklemek n. traversin (lit); coussinet; contre-poinçon; lisoir, traverse; sommier v. soutenir, relever la tête; appuyer; étayer (théorie); rembourrer e: Rwanda bolsters force in car as rebels held back

Question 61

exodus

Answer 61

n. mass departure or emigration ex·o·dus /ˈeksədəs/ n [singular] [Date: 1600-1700; Origin: Exodus, which describes how the Israelites left Egypt] a situation in which a lot of people leave a particular place at the same time exodus of 　A massive exodus of doctors is forcing the government to recruit from abroad. exodus from/to 　the exodus from the countryside to the towns in the 19th century 　I joined the mass exodus for drinks during the interval. مهاجرت بنی اسرائیل از مصر به کنعان ، خروج، مهاجرت، مهاجرت دسته جمعی. n. göç, toplu göç, akın n. exode, sortie en masse, sortie d'Egypte e; UK police ordered to stop mass exodus from tier4 London amid x-mass chaos over new covid strain

Question 62

choir

Answer 62

n. singing group, chorus choir /kwaɪə US kwaɪr/ n [C] [Date: 1200-1300; Language: Old French; Origin: cuer, from Latin chorus; CHORUS1] a group of people who sing together for other people to listen to →choral 　He joined a church choir at the age of eight. [usually singular] the part of a church in which a choir sits during religious ceremonies دسته سرایندگان ، کر، بصورت دسته جمعی سرود خواندن ، هم سرایان . n. koro, kilise korosu, koro yeri choir 2 v. koroda şarkı söylemek n. choeur e: intensive care choir aim for Christmas number one

Question 63

wrangle

Answer 63

. dispute, bickering; obtainment (e.g. through persuasive argument); act of persuading someone to give something v. persuade; argue; bicker wran·gle1 /ˈræŋgəl/ n [C] a long and complicated argument wrangle over 　a bitter wrangle over copyright wrangle with 　He was involved in a long legal wrangle with his employers. wrangle 2 wrangle2 v [Date: 1300-1400; Origin: Perhaps from Low German wrangeln 'to fight, make a disturbance'] [I] to argue with someone angrily for a long time wrangle over/about 　They are still wrangling over ownership of the house. wrangle with 　The various government departments are wrangling with each other. داد و بیداد کردن ، مشاجره کردن ، نزاع کردن ، داد و بیداد، مشاجره ، نزاع، گرد آوری وراندن احشام. n. kavga, tartışma v. kavga etmek, dalaşmak, tartışmak, birbirini yemek n. dispute; altercation; dispute avec des cris; séparation v. se disputer en criant; se faire battre, se battre e: The two countries fell out in a bitter wrangle over imports

Question 64

tingle

Answer 64

n. light prickling sensation v. vibrate; feel a light prickling sensation tin·gle /ˈtɪŋgəl/ v [I] [Date: 1300-1400; Origin: tinkle] if a part of your body tingles, you feel a slight stinging feeling, especially on your skin 　My body tingled all over and I had a terrible headache. tingling feeling/sensation 　Graham felt a tingling sensation in his hand. tingle with excitement/fear/anticipation etc to feel excitement, fear etc very strongly 　She tingled with excitement. Soon she would be able to tell Martha everything. >tingle n [C] صدا (کردن )، طنین (انداختن )، حس خارش، سوزش کردن ، حس خارش یاسوزش داشتن ، صدا. n. sızlama, karıncalanma, telaş, heyecan v. sızlamak, çınlamak, karıncalanmak n. picotement, fourmillement; légère sensation de picotement v. tinter, frémir, vibrer; sentir une légère sensation de picotement e: i feel a tingle

Question 65

exfoliate

Answer 65

v. remove in layers, peel off in thin sections; shed in layers; flake off (such as dead skin) ex·fo·li·ate /eksˈfəulieɪt US -ˈfou-/ v [I and T] to remove dead cells from your skin in order to make it smoother >exfoliation /eksˌfəuliˈeɪʃən US -ˌfou-/ n [U] ورقه ورقه شدن ، پوسته پوسته شدن ، تراشیدن . v. pul pul dökülmek, pul pul dökmek v. exfolier; chuter (perte de cheveux); renouveler la peau e: take ur shoes off and exfoliate

Question 66

flunk

Answer 66

v. fail (a test, course, etc.); give up; drop out of school; give a student a failing grade student flunk /flʌŋk/ v informal especially AmE [Date: 1800-1900; Origin: Perhaps from flinch + funk 'to be afraid (of)' (18-21 centuries); FUNK2] [I and T] to fail a test 　Tony flunked chemistry last semester. [T] to give someone low marks on a test so that they fail it = fail 　She hadn't done the work so I flunked her. flunk out phr v to be forced to leave a school or college because your work is not good enough flunk out of 　Ben messed around and flunked out of college. شکست، ( ز. ع. - آمر. ) شکست خوردن ( در امتحانات )، چیدن ، موجب شکست شدن . v. başarısız olmak, kalmak, çakmak, sınıfta bırakmak, okuldan almak (başarısızlıktan) flunk 2 n. kalma, başarısız olma, sınıfta kalma v. échouer (à un examen etc.); se soumettre; abandonner (ses études); faire trébucher (en examen etc.) e: he couldnt flunk me e: tell them to get some flunkies in here for this job

Question 67

vestige

Answer 67

n. sign, mark, trace; remnant; undeveloped remains of a body part or an organ that was healthy and functional in a previous stage of development (Biology) ves·tige /ˈvestɪdʒ/ n [C] formal [Date: 1600-1700; Language: French; Origin: Latin vestigium 'footprint, track'] a small part or amount of something that remains when most of it no longer exists = trace vestige of 　The new law removed the last vestiges of royal power. the smallest possible amount of a quality or feeling vestige of 　There's not a vestige of truth in the story. (vestigial) نشان ، اثر، جای پا، ردیا، ذره ، خرده ، بقایا. n. iz, eser, zerre, dumura uğrayan organın kalıntısı n. vestige; signe, trace, marque; reste

Question 68

discern

Answer 68

v. distinguish, perceive, recognize, discriminate di·scern /dɪˈsəːn US -əːrn/ v [T not in progressive] formal [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Latin; Origin: discernere 'to separate', from cernere 'to sift'] to notice or understand something by thinking about it carefully discern what/where/why etc 　Officials were keen to discern how much public support there was. to be able to see something by looking carefully = perceive 　We could just discern a town in the distance. >discernible adj >discernibly adv تشخیص دادن ، تمیز دادن . v. farketmek, farkına varmak, ayırdetmek, sezmek, anlamak, kavramak v. distinguer, discerner, voir e: is there a discernible point to this story?

Question 69

ongoing

Answer 69

n. progress; continuing process adj. continuous; existing; in progress on·go·ing /ˈɔnˌgəuɪŋ US ˈɑːnˌgouɪŋ, ˈɔːn-/ adj continuing, or continuing to develop 　their ongoing search for a new director 　ongoing negotiations 　The discussions are still ongoing. →go on at go 1 درحال پیشرفت، مداوم. n. avancée; imminence adj. continu, se produisant, se maintenant e: my involvement in this is ongoing

Question 70

accomplice

Answer 70

n. partner in crime ac·com·plice /əˈkʌmplɪs US əˈkɑːm-, əˈkʌm-/ n [C] [Date: 1500-1600; Origin: Probably from a complice, mistaken for acomplice; complice 'accomplice' (15-19 centuries) from Old French, from Late Latin complex, from Latin complicare ( COMPLICATE)] a person who helps someone such as a criminal to do something wrong همدست، (حق. ) شریک یا معاون جرم. n. suç ortağı n. complice e: Danny is an accomplice

Question 71

sublime

Answer 71

adj. exalted, noble, lofty; wonderful, splendid; inspiring wonder or awe n. something exalted, noble; inspiring wonder or awe v. cause to be sublime, raise, lift up; sublimate, transform a solid directly into a gas or a gas directly into a solid (Chemistry) syn.: distinguished eloquent exalted grand great lofty majestic noble prominent sub·lime1 /səˈblaɪm/ adj [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Latin; Origin: sublimis 'raised above the ordinary', from limen 'doorstep, threshold'] something that is sublime is so good or beautiful that it affects you deeply 　The view was sublime. 　Her songs are a sublime fusion of pop and Brazilian music. used to describe feelings or behaviour that are very great or extreme, especially when someone seems not to notice what is happening around them 　an air of sublime contentment >sublimely adv >sublimeness n [U] >sublimity /səˈblɪmɪti/ n [U] sublime 2 sublime2 n the sublime something that is so good or beautiful that you are deeply affected by it 　The works on display range from the mainstream to the sublime. from the sublime to the ridiculous used to say that a serious and important thing or event is being followed by something very silly, unimportant, or bad برین ، والا، رفیع، بلند پایه ، عرشی. adj. yüce, ulu, asil, görkemli, büyük, olağanüstü, son derece v. süblimleştirmek, yüceltmek, bilinçaltındaki güdülerini iyiye yöneltmek, süblimleşmek, yücelmek, yükselmek, ulvileşmek adj. sublime, exalté, splendide, extraordinaire n. sublimation v. sublimer, élever; affiner; transformer un solide en gaz e: You were sublime

Question 72

ration

Answer 72

n. portion, allotment, allocated quantity; single serving of food, individual portion v. allot, allocate, distribute in fixed quantities ra·tion1 /ˈræʃən US ˈræ-, ˈreɪ-/ n [Date: 1700-1800; Language: French; Origin: Latin ratio; RATIO] [U and C] a fixed amount of something that people are allowed to have when there is not enough, for example during a war food/clothes/meat etc ration 　the weekly meat ration 　a coal ration of 4 kg a month on ration 　Even wool was on ration in the war. rations [plural] a fixed amount of food given to a soldier or member of a group 　emergency food rations 　The prisoners were queuing for their meagre rations (=small rations) . 　We were on short rations (=given a smaller amount than usual) . [singular] an amount of something that you think is reasonable or normal ration of 　holidaymakers who like a generous ration of open-air activity ration 2 ration2 v [T] [usually passive] to control the supply of something because there is not enough 　Fuel was rationed during the war. to allow someone only a small amount of something 　the need to ration health care resources 　diets which ration fat ration sb/sth to sth 　He rationed himself to 4 cigarettes a day. 　I try to ration the children's television viewing to an hour a day. نظ. ) جیره ، مقدار جیره روزانه ، سهم، خارج قسمت، سهمیه ، سهم دادن ، جیره بندی کردن . n. istihkak, yiyecek payı, tayın v. karne ile vermek, tayına bağlamak n. ration (ration alimentaire ), part v. rationner e: because of Corona some shops began rationing the sales of certain products to avoid them selling out completely.

Question 73

thwart

Answer 73

thwart /θwɔːt US θwɔːrt/ v [T] formal [Date: 1300-1400; Origin: thwart 'across' (13-19 centuries), from Old Norse thvert] to prevent someone from doing what they are trying to do 　Fierce opposition thwarted the government's plans. 　thwarted ambition بی نتیجه گذاردن ، خنثی کردن ، حائل کردن ، عقیم گذاردن ، مخالفت کردن با، انسداداریب، کج، در سرتاسر ( چیزی ) ادامه دادن یا کشیدن . n. sandalın oturak tahtası v. yaptırmamak, bozmak, engel olmak, önlemek adj. aykırı, çapraz n. frustration, prévention; siège de commande d'un bateau v. contrarier, déjouer adj. oblique; diagonal e: Iraqi prime minister: Soleimani was killed after he thwarted US plans to change regions identity

Question 74

purport

Answer 74

n. intention, purpose; meaning, significance v. intend, plan; claim, profess; claim falsely, pretend pur·port1 /pəːˈpɔːt US pəːrˈpɔːrt/ v [I and T] formal to claim to be or do something, even if this is not true purport to do sth 　Two undercover officers purporting to be dealers infiltrated the gang. be purported to be sth 　The document is purported to be 300 years old. >purportedly adv 　a portrait purportedly of Shakespeare purport 2 pur·port2 /ˈpəːpɔːt, -pət US ˈpəːrpɔːrt/ n [U] [Date: 1400-1500; Language: Anglo-French; Origin: purporter 'to contain', from Old French, from porter 'to carry'] formal the general meaning of what someone says معنی : ادعا، قصد، مفهوم، مفاد، مفهوم شدن معانی دیگر: (معنی) رساندن، (معمولا دروغی) ادعا کردن، مدعی شدن، به خود بستن، (ظاهرا) بودن i., f. mana, kavram, mefhum, meal; f. manasında olmak, göstermek, bildirmek. n. intention, portée, force, signification v. avoir l'intention; prétendre, clamer e; Pentagon recalls USS Nimitz amid high tensions in Mideast over purported Iranian" threat of revenge"

Question 75

repository

Answer 75

n. storeroom, warehouse; plentiful source, wellspring; archive, museum, location where valuable documents or artwork is stored; sepulcher, tomb re·pos·i·to·ry /rɪˈpɔzɪtəri US rɪˈpɑːzɪtɔːri/ n plural repositories [C] formal a place or container in which large quantities of something are stored = store repository of/for 　a fire-proof repository for government papers a person or book that has a lot of information repository of/for 　Bob is a repository of football statistics. انبار، مخزن ، صندوق تابوت، ظرف، رازدار. n. depo, ambar, mahzen, zengin kaynak, dolap, kutu, muhafaza, sırdaş n. dépôt; entrepôt; hangar; archives; musée; salle des archives, tombeau, sépulture e; repositories of unique historical objects

Question 76

screech

Answer 76

n. high piercing cry, shriek, scream; (Slang) strong rum from the bottom of a barrel (term originated in Newfoundland, Canada) v. emit a high piercing cry, shriek, scream screech /skriːtʃ/ v [Date: 1500-1600; Origin: scritch 'to screech' (13-20 centuries), from the sound] [I and T] to shout loudly in an unpleasant high voice because you are angry, afraid, or excited = shriek, scream scream 　'Look out!' she screeched. 　They screeched with laughter . screech at 　She screeched at me to take off my muddy shoes. [I] if a vehicle screeches, its wheels make a high unpleasant noise as it moves along or stops 　A van screeched onto the road in front of me. 　The car screeched to a halt . >screech n [C] 　a screech of laughter 　a screech of tyres صدای بلند، جیغ، فریاد شبیه جیغ، صدای گوشخراش، فریاد کردن ، جیغ کشیدن ، صدایناهنجار( مثل صدای ترمز ماشین ) ایجاد کردن . n. keskin çığlık, acı feryat v. cırlamak, tiz sesle bağırmak, çığlık atmak, acı acı bağırmak, gıcırdatmak n. cri strident; cri aigu; hurlement; crissement (pneu); clameur; grincement v. hurler; crisser, grincer

Question 77

moron

Answer 77

n. person whose intelligence will never surpass that of an 8-12 year old child; idiot, half-wit, simpleton (Informal) syn.: changeling cretin half-wit idiot imbecile retard mo·ron /ˈmɔːrɔn US -rɑːn/ n [C] [Date: 1900-2000; Language: Greek; Origin: moros 'of low intelligence'] informal not polite a very offensive word for someone who you think is very stupid = idiot 　Don't leave it there, you moron! technical old-fashioned someone whose intelligence has not developed to the normal level >moronic /məˈrɔnɪk US -ˈrɑː-/ adj 　a moronic grin آدم سبک مغز وکم عقل، آدم احمق وابله . n. moron, geri zekâlı n. faible d'esprit; personne simple d'esprit, idiot, imbécile

Question 78

discretion

Answer 78

discretion [dis·cre·tion || dɪ'skreʃn] n. caution, wisdom, careful judgment di·scre·tion /dɪˈskreʃən/ n [U] the ability and right to decide exactly what should be done in a particular situation at sb's discretion (=according to someone's decision) 　The awards are made at the discretion of the committee. 　Promotions are left to the discretion of the supervisor. discretion over/as to 　People want to have more discretion over their working hours. use/exercise your discretion 　The judge exercised his discretion rightly to admit the evidence. discretion to do sth 　The committee has the absolute discretion to refuse applications. the ability to deal with situations in a way that does not offend, upset, or embarrass people or tell any of their secrets 　British newspapers no longer feel they must treat the royal family with discretion. discretion is the better part of valour used to say that it is better to be careful than to take unnecessary risks بصیرت، احتیاط، حزم، نظر، رای، صلاحدید. n. ihtiyat, tedbir, aklıselimlik, takdir, erginlik, sağduyulu olma, temyiz gücü, incelik, naziklik, ağzı sıkılık, hoşgörü n. discrétion, prudence, réserve

Question 79

prissy

Answer 79

n. highly meticulous or strict person; finicky or fussy person; affectedly neat or prim person adj. (Slang) precise, exacting; strict, meticulous; dandified, overly concerned with one's own appearance pris·sy /ˈprɪsi/ adj informal [Date: 1800-1900; Origin: Probably from prim + sissy] behaving very correctly and easily shocked by anything rude - used to show disapproval >prissily adv >prissiness n [U] آراسته ، مرتب، تروتمیز، مردیا جوان زن صفت. adj. aşırı titiz, kılı kırk yaran, iffetli geçinen, faziletli geçinen n. pédant (populaire); dandy (populaire) adj. pointilleux; méticuleux e: threatening that little prissy guy

Question 80

fastidious

Answer 80

adj. hard to please, critical; choosy; overly refined; painstaking, paying immense attention to minute details fas·tid·i·ous /fæˈstɪdiəs/ adj [Date: 1400-1500; Language: Latin; Origin: fastidiosus, from fastidium 'strong dislike'] very careful about small details in your appearance, work etc = meticulous 　people who are fastidious about personal hygiene and appearance >fastidiously adv >fastidiousness n [U] سخت گیر، باریک بین ، مشکل پسند، بیزار. adj. titiz, zor beğenen, müşkülpesent adj. exigeant, pointilleux; délicat; gourmet; difficile e: the onnly thing saves me is Gale's fastidiousness

Question 81

futile

Answer 81

adj. fruitless, unproductive; unsuccessful; worthless fu·tile /ˈfjuːtaɪl US -tl/ adj [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Latin; Origin: futilis 'that pours out easily, useless'] actions that are futile are useless because they have no chance of being successful = pointless a futile attempt/effort 　a futile attempt to save the paintings from the flames 　My efforts to go back to sleep proved futile. it is futile to do sth 　It was futile to continue the negotiations. >futility /fjuːˈtɪlɪti/ n [U] 　This sums up Owen's thoughts on the futility of war. بیهوده ، پوچ، بی فایده ، باطل، عبث، بی اثر. adj. boş, nafile, beyhude adj. futile, inutile; défaillant, se terminant par un échec; sans valeur e:Attempts to get supplies to the region are futile

Question 82

arcade

Answer 82

n. passageway covered with an arched roof; video game room, location containing coin-operated games ar·cade /ɑːˈkeɪd US ɑːr-/ n [C] [Date: 1700-1800; Language: French; Origin: Italian arcata, from arca 'arch'] a covered passage at the side of a row of buildings with pillars and arches supporting it on one side a covered passage between two streets with shops on each side of it BrE also shopping arcade a large building or part of a building where there are many shops an amusement arcade 　arcade games گذرگاه طاقدار، طاقهای پشت سرهم. n. sıra kemerler; çarşı, pasaj; kemeraltı n. arcade; de façon convexe, passage en arc e; i might go to different shopping arcades to buy some souvenirs

Question 83

pompous

Answer 83

adj. pretentious, arrogant; conceited, overly proud, haughty pom·pous /ˈpɔmpəs US ˈpɑːm-/ adj someone who is pompous thinks that they are important, and shows this by being very formal and using long words - used to show disapproval 　He seems rather pompous. 　the book's pompous style >pomp=n. luxury, magnificence; splendor, majesty >pompously adv >pomposity /pɔmˈpɔsɪti US pɑːmˈpɑː-, / also pompousness /ˈpɔmpəsnɪs ˈpɑːm-/ n [U] پرشکوه . adj. kendini beğenmiş, azametli, cafcaflı, görkemli, şatafatlı, tantanalı, şişirilmiş (dil) adj. pompeux, fastueux; suffisant; prétentieux, arrogant

Question 84

stereotype

Answer 84

n. conventional and oversimplified concept or image; old process for making metal printing plates; metal printing plate made by the stereotype process v. make a stereotype of; categorize as a stereotype; give a fixed form to ster·e·o·type1 /ˈsteriətaɪp, ˈstɪər- US ˈster-, ˈstɪr-/ n [C] [Date: 1700-1800; Language: French; Origin: stéréotype, from Greek stereos ( STEREO2) + French type] a belief or idea of what a particular type of person or thing is like. Stereotypes are often unfair or untrue racial/sexual/cultural etc stereotype 　 racist stereotypes in the media stereotype of 　women who don't fit the stereotype of the good mother stereotype about 　stereotypes about the elderly >stereotypical /ˌsteriəˈtɪpɪkəl, ˌstɪər- US ˌster-, ˌstɪr-/ adj 　the stereotypical Californian - tall, fit, and tanned >stereotypically /-kli/ adv stereotype 2 stereotype2 v [T usually passive] to decide unfairly that a type of person has particular qualities or abilities because they belong to a particular race, sex, or social class stereotype sb as sth 　Homeless people are stereotyped as alcoholics or addicts. >stereotyping n [U] >stereotyped adj کلیشه ، کلیشه کردن ، با کلیشه چاپ کردن ، یک نواخت کردن ، رفتار قالبی داشتن . n. stereotip, klişe, kalıpla basılmış eser, basmakalıp söz v. stereotipi basmak, tutturmak, klişeleşmiş lâflar etmek n. stéréotype (analogie général; une conception générale et superficielle de n'importe quel groupe de gens) v. stéréotyper e: wrong stereotypes and untrue images

Question 85

fallacy

Answer 85

n. untruth, falsehood; misconception; mistake; illusion, delusion fal·la·cy /ˈfæləsi/ n plural fallacies [Date: 1400-1500; Language: Latin; Origin: fallacia, from fallere 'to deceive'] [C] a false idea or belief, especially one that a lot of people believe is true = misconception 　It's a common fallacy that a neutered dog will become fat and lazy. [U and C] formal a weakness in someone's argument or ideas which is caused by a mistake in their thinking → pathetic fallacy سفسطه ، دلیل سفسطه آمیز، استدلال غلط. n. yanlış inanış, safsata, mantıksızlık, yanlış n. erreur, fausse supposition, illusion e: mythes and fallacies should be dispelled and shattered

Question 86

vandal

Answer 86

n. one who purposefully destroys or damages something that is beautiful or something that belongs to someone else van·dal /ˈvændl/ n [C] [Date: 1600-1700; Origin: Vandal] someone who deliberately damages things, especially public property خرابگر (کسیکه از روی حماقت یابدجنسی چیزهای هنری یاهمگانی را خراب میکند). i., s. vandal; s. vahşi, yıkıcı. vandalism i. vandalizm n. vandale, rustre, malappris, barbare, inhumain, corrompu e: another mysterious monolith appears in Toronto on new year's eve, immediately vandalized.

Question 87

expulsion

Answer 87

n. exile, ejection, banishment; act of sending away (as punishment) ex·pul·sion /ɪkˈspʌlʃən/ n [U and C] [Date: 1400-1500; Language: Latin; Origin: expulsio, from expulsus, past participle of expellere; EXPEL] the act of forcing someone to leave a place →expel expulsion of 　the expulsion of the protesters expulsion from 　his expulsion from the Soviet Union in 1964 the act of stopping someone from going to the school where they were studying or from being part of the organization where they worked 　The headmaster threatened the boys with expulsion. expulsion of 　the expulsion from the Communist Party of its former leader the act of forcing air, water, gas etc out of something اخراج، دفع، راندگی، بیرون شدگی، تبعید. n. kovma, çıkarma, kovulma, çıkma, akma n. expulsion, écartement, éloignement (punition) e: Iran's ultimate revenge for Soleimani's murder would be US military expulsion from Mideast

Question 88

pimple

Answer 88

n. small inflamed spot on skin; pustule, small infection of the skin pim·ple /ˈpɪmpəl/ n [C] a small raised red spot on your skin, especially on your face >pimply adj 　a pimply eighteen-year-old → goose pimples جوش، کورک ، عرق گز، جوش درآوردن . i., tıb. sivilce pimpled, pimply s sivilceli. n. bouton; pustule e: blackhead, pimple, acne, mole

Question 89

procrastinate

Answer 89

v. postpone, put off until a later time; delay, hold back, defer pro·cras·ti·nate /prəˈkræstɪneɪt/ v [I] [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Latin; Origin: , past participle of procrastinare, from cras 'tomorrow'] formal to delay doing something that you ought to do, usually because you do not want to do it = put off 　People often procrastinate when it comes to paperwork. >procrastination /prəˌkræstɪˈneɪʃən/ n [U] بدفع الوقت گذراندن ، معوق گذاردن . v. ertelemek, geciktirmek, ağırdan almak, oyalanmak v. temporiser, repousser à plus tard, remettre au lendemain e: four keys to unlock procrastination

Question 90

resolute

Answer 90

adj. resolved, determined; firm, steadfast res·o·lute /ˈrezəluːt/ adj [Date: 1400-1500; Language: Latin; Origin: , past participle of resolvere; RESOLVE1] doing something in a very determined way because you have very strong beliefs, aims etc ≠ irresolute 　resolute opposition 　resolute leadership 　She remained resolute in her belief that the situation would improve. >resolutely adv 　Mia resolutely refused to talk about her illness. صاحب عزم، ثابت قدم، پا بر جا، مصمم، ثابت، تصویب کردن . adj. azimli, kararlı, metin, dayanıklı, cesur, iradeli adj. résolu, déterminé, ferme, décidé e: Fingers on triggers, Tehran warns criminal US military it is ready for resolute response

Question 91

Fink

Answer 91

n. strike breaker (Slang); industrial spy; informer, tale-bearer; failure v. break a strike (Slang); act as an industrial spy; inform; fail fink1 /fɪŋk/ n [C] AmE informal old-fashioned [Date: 1800-1900; Origin: Perhaps from German, 'finch, student not belonging to a student association'] someone who tells the police, a teacher, or a parent when someone else breaks a rule or a law a person who you do not like or respect fink 2 fink2 v [I +on] AmE informal old-fashioned to tell the police, a teacher, or a parent that someone has broken a rule or a law = squeal on somebody خبرچین ، اعتصاب شکن ، جاسوسی کردن . n. grev kırıcı işçi, ispiyoncu, sevilmeyen kimse, alçak kimse n. briseur de grève (argot), espion industriel; indic; mouchard, rapporteur; vendu, salaud v. briser une grève (argot); moucharder; faire l'indic e: Kelly's such a fink - she told Mom I was smoking again.

Question 92

invoke

Answer 92

v. requests help or protection (from a deity); summon a spirit through witchcraft; request, make an appeal; pray; activate a command, cause a certain action (Computers) in·voke /ɪnˈvəuk US -ˈvouk/ v [T] formal [Date: 1400-1500; Language: French; Origin: invoquer, from Latin invocare, from vocare 'to call'] if you invoke a law, rule etc, you say that you are doing something because the law allows or forces you to 　The UN threatened to invoke economic sanctions if the talks were broken off. to make a particular idea, image, or feeling appear in people's minds by describing an event or situation, or by talking about a person →evoke 　a painting that invokes images of the Rocky Mountains 　During his speech, he invoked the memory of Harry Truman. to use a law, principle, or theory to support your views to operate a computer program to ask for help from someone more powerful than you, especially a god 　St. Genevieve is often invoked against plagues. to make spirits appear by using magic 　invoking the spirits of their ancestors دعا کردن به ، طلب کردن ، بالتماس خواستن .احضار کردن . v. yalvarmak, yakarmak, dua etmek, yardım istemek, çağırmak, hatırlatmak v. appeler, invoquer (politique), demander l'aide; s'adresser à; prier; évoquer (esprits); provoquer, mettre en application une commande spécifique (informatique) e; US house urges Pence to invoke 25th amendment to oust Trump as VP rules out political games

Question 93

flaunt

Answer 93

v. show off, boast, display showily flaunt /flɔːnt US flɔːnt, flɑːnt/ v [T] [Date: 1500-1600; Origin: Probably from a Scandinavian language] to show your money, success, beauty etc so that other people notice it - used to show disapproval 　The rich flaunted their wealth while the poor starved on the streets. * if you've got it, flaunt it spoken used humorously to tell someone not to hide their beauty, wealth, or abilities به رخ کشیدن ، بالیدن ، خرامیدن ، جولان دادن ، خودنمائی، جلوه . v. hava atmak, gösteriş yapmak, övünerek göstermek, azametle dalgalanmak, açıkça karşı gelmek v. faire étalage de; affiche

Question 94

raunchy

Answer 94

adj. crude, vulgar, obscene; sloppy, slovenly raunch·y /ˈrɔːntʃi US ˈrɔː-/ adj informal intended to be sexually exciting, in a way that seems immoral or shocking →sexy 　a raunchy magazine 　The show was quite raunchy. پست تر از استاندارد یا میزان متداول، نامرغوب. n. şapşal, şom ağızlı, boşboğaz, dobra adj. grossier, bruyant, délaissé e: This time she crossed the line: netzines want to cancel Belle Delphine over new raunchy photos

Question 95

vie

Answer 95

v. contend, compete vie /vaɪ/ v past tense and past participle vied present participle vying third person singular vies [I] [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Old French; Origin: envier 'to invite, challenge', from Latin invitare; INVITE1] to compete very hard with someone in order to get something vie for 　Simon and Julian were vying for her attention all through dinner. vie with 　There are at least twenty restaurants vying with each other for custom. vie to do sth 　All the photographers vied to get the best pictures. رقابت کردن ، هم چشمی کردن ، رقیب شدن . v. yarışmak, rekabet etmek, boy ölçüşmek v. lutter, rivaliser e: The men vying to take Merkel's top job in Germany

Question 96

flurry

Answer 96

n. bustle, commotion, excitement; brief snowfall; gust of wind v. confuse, upset, irritate flur·ry /ˈflʌri US ˈfləːri/ n plural flurries [Date: 1600-1700; Origin: Probably from flurr 'to scatter' (17-19 centuries) + hurry] [singular] a time when there is suddenly a lot of activity and people are very busy flurry of 　After a quiet spell there was a sudden flurry of phone calls. 　The day started with a flurry of activity . [C] a small amount of snow or rain that is blown by the wind flurry of 　He opens the door and a flurry of snow blows in. 　Snow flurries are expected overnight. سراسیمگی، تپش، بادناگهانی، سراسیمه کردن ، آشفتن ، طوفان ناگهانی، باریدن ناگهانی. n. ani rüzgâr, kısa ve şiddetli yağış, sağanak, telaş, bora, balinaların ölüm mücadelesi, heyecan, herkesi saran ani his v. telaşlandırmak, iki ayağını bir pabuca sokmak n. agitation, affolement, rafale, bourrasque v. mélanger, agiter, énerver e: it is a flurry of deliveries

Question 97

splatter

Answer 97

n. act or sound of splattering; amount splattered, spatter, splash v. splash, spatter, scatter in drops; mark with scattered drops of a liquid; cause to spatter; make a spattering sound splat·ter /ˈsplætə US -ər/ v [I always + adverb/preposition, T] [Date: 1700-1800; Origin: Probably from splash + spatter] if liquid splatters somewhere, or if someone splatters it, it falls or is thrown onto a surface = spatter splatter sth with sth 　The room was splattered with blood. splatter over/across 　Paint splattered all over the carpet. ترشح کردن ، چلپ چلوپ کردن ، کفگیر. v. sıçratmak, sıçramak, serpmek, serpiştirmek, yağmak, su sıçratarak yıkanmak, şapır şupur yıkanmak n. éclaboussure v. éclabousser, asperger, gicler; faire entendre une projection de liquide e: blood splattered all over

Question 98

forfeit

Answer 98

n. fine, penalty; loss; something given up v. lose; give up, surrender for·feit1 /ˈfɔːfɪt US ˈfɔːr-/ v [T] to lose a right, position, possession etc or have it taken away from you because you have broken a law or rule 　By being absent from the trial, he forfeited the right to appeal. 　She was fined £3,000 and ordered to forfeit her car. forfeit 2 forfeit2 n [C] [Date: 1200-1300; Language: Old French; Origin: forfet, past participle of forfaire 'to do a crime'] something that is taken away from you or something that you have to pay, because you have broken a rule or made a mistake forfeit 3 forfeit3 adj be forfeit formal to be legally or officially taken away from you as a punishment 　The company's property may even be forfeit. جریمه ، فقدان ، زیان ، ضبط شده ، خطا کردن ، جریمه دادن ، هدر کردن . n. bedel, ceza olarak kaybetme, ihmalden dolayı kaybedilen şey, kayıp, zarar, ceza v. kaybetmek, ceza olarak kaybetmek n. forfait, amende, punition, perte; rachat; gage v. renoncer; perdre; payer de e; he wont forfeit the entire batch

Question 99

encompass

Answer 99

v. surround, enclose, hem in, circumscribe en·com·pass /ɪnˈkʌmpəs/ v [T] formal to include a wide range of ideas, subjects, etc 　The study encompasses the social, political, and economic aspects of the situation. to completely cover or surround something 　The houses encompassed about 100 square metres. دورگرفتن ، احاطه کردن ، حلقه زدن ، دارا بودن ، شامل بودن ، دربرگرفتن ، محاصره کردن . v. etrafını çevirmek, kuşatmak, sarmak, kapsamak, neden olmak, kumpas kurmak v. entourer, contenir e: The term ‘graphic symbol’ encompasses anything from the logographs

Question 100

menace

Answer 100

n. threat; danger; bother v. threaten, endanger men·ace1 /ˈmenɪs/ n [Date: 1300-1400; Language: French; Origin: Latin minacia, from minari 'to threaten'] [C] something or someone that is dangerous = threat menace of 　It's the only way to deal with the menace of drug dealing. menace to 　That man's a menace to society . He should be locked away. 　the growing menace of oil pollution at sea [U] a threatening quality, feeling, or way of behaving 　There was menace in his voice. air/sense of menace 　There was a sense of menace as the sky grew darker. [C] a person, especially a child that is annoying or causes trouble = nuisance 　My little brother's a real menace. with menaces BrE law if someone asks another person for something with menaces, they use threats of violence to get what they want 　He was charged with demanding money with menaces. menace 2 menace2 v [T] formal to threaten 　The elephants are still menaced by poachers. تهدید، چیزی که تهدید کننده است، مخاطره ، تهدیدکردن ، ارعاب کردن ، چشم زهره رفتن . n. tehdit v. tehdit etmek, gözdağı vermek n. menace; danger; peste v. menacer, mettre en danger; risquer e: wildfires are becoming increasing menace

Question 101

sting

Answer 101

n. act of stinging; sharp pain or wound caused a stinger; sharp organ or part (Botany, Zoology); covert operation executed by undercover agents to collect evidence or apprehend criminals (Slang) v. prick with a stinger; cause pain; cause to suffer; stimulate, urge; deceive, cheat sting1 /stɪŋ/ v past tense and past participle stung /stʌŋ/ [Language: Old English; Origin: stingan] [I and T] if an insect or a plant stings you, it makes a very small hole in your skin and you feel a sharp pain because of a poisonous substance 　He was stung by a bee. [I and T] to make something hurt with a sudden sharp pain, or to hurt like this 　Antiseptic stings a little. 　Chopping onions makes my eyes sting. [I,T usually passive] if you are stung by a remark, it makes you feel upset 　She had been stung by criticism. sting sb into (doing) sth 　Her harsh words stung him into action. sting for [sting sb for sth] to charge someone too much for something 　The garage stung him for £300. to borrow money from someone 　Can I sting you for a fiver? -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- HINT sense 1 A bee, wasp, scorpion, or plant can sting you. For a mosquito, ant, or snake, use bite. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- sting 2 sting2 n -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1【wound】 2【insect】 3【pain】 4 a sting in the tail 5 6【crime】 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 【WOUND】 [C] a wound or mark made when an insect or plant stings you 　a bee sting 【INSECT】 [C] BrE the sharp needle-shaped part of an insect's or animal's body, with which it stings you American Equivalent: stinger 【PAIN】 [singular] a sharp pain in your eyes or skin, caused by being hit, by smoke etc 　She felt the sting of tears in her eyes. a sting in the tail if a story, event, or announcement has a sting in its tail, there is an unpleasant part at the end of it [singular] the upsetting or bad effect of a situation 　the sting of rejection take the sting out of sth (=make something less unpleasant or painful) 　She smiled to take the sting out of her words. 【CRIME】 [C] a clever way of catching criminals in which the police secretly pretend to be criminals themselves Sting Sting (1951- ) a British songwriter, singer, and actor who sang with the group The Policeuntil they separated, and has worked successfully on his own since then. He is also well known for his work to protect the environment. نیش، زخم نیش، خلش، سوزش، گزیدن ، تیر کشیدن ، نیش زدن . n. iğne (arı vs.), acı söz, ısırgan otu tüyü, batma, yakma, acı, azap, sızı, ızdırap, ısırma, zehir dişi, sokma yarası, şiddet, güç, iğne v. sokmak (arı vs.), ısırmak, sızlatmak, acıtmak, canını yakmak, incitmek, kırmak, sokmak, kışkırtmak, tahrik etmek, kazıklamak, içine oturmak, koymak, sızlamak, acımak, yanmak, acı olmak, acı çekmek n. dard (abeille); piqûre (guêpe); crochet vénimeux (serpent); pointe; mordant; vigueur v. piquer; sentir des élancements; picoter, estamper; stimuler; décevoir; causer des douleurs

Question 102

dilapidate

Answer 102

v. bring to a ruinous condition through misuse or neglect, squander; fall into ruin or decay خراب کردن ، بحال ویرانی در آوردن . v. harap etmek, harap olmak, kırıp dökmek; bakımsız bırakmak v. délabrer, détruire, se détériorer e: unions that in the past complained of dilapitated equipment

Question 103

blueprint

Answer 103

syn.: design draft draught pattern blue·print /ˈbluːˌprɪnt/ n [C] a plan for achieving something blueprint for 　a blueprint for health-care reform a photographic print of a plan for a building, machine etc on special blue paper blueprint for 　a blueprint for the new shopping mall technical a pattern that all living cells contain, which decides how a person, animal, or plant develops and what it looks like 　By changing the tomato's genetic blueprint , scientists can alter the rate at which it ripens. نوعی چاپ عکاسی که زمینه آن آبی ونقش آن سفید است، چاپ اوزالیدکه برای کپیه نقشه ورسم های فنی بکار میرود، برنامه کار. i, f. mavi kopya; proje, plan; f. mavi kopya çekmek; tasarlamak. n. croquis; plan, brouillon, esquisse v. faire une ébauche, préparer un plan selon les grandes lignes, planifier, élaborer; établir un avant projet e: insufficient blueprints for fire safety

Question 104

serpentine road

Answer 104

راه کوهستانی، گردنه | e: serpentine canyon roads

Question 105

reticence

Answer 105

n. tendency to remain silent, tendency to keep quiet; quality of having self-restraint, quality of being reserved ret·i·cent /ˈretɪsənt/ adj [Date: 1600-1700; Language: Latin; Origin: , present participle of reticere 'to keep silent', from tacere; TACIT] unwilling to talk about what you feel or what you know = reserved reticent about 　She's strangely reticent about her son. >reticence n [U] reticency)خاموشی، سکوت، کم گوئی. n. az konuşma, suskunluk, ağzı sıkılık, sır tutma, ağzını açmama n. réticence; se retenir; se taire e: his reticence would prove disastrous

Question 106

vamp

Answer 106

n. part of boot or shoe which covers the instep; musical improvisation; reworking of an already existing piece (i.e. book or article); seductive woman who uses her sex appeal in a manipulative way (especially to exploit men) ; vampire v. improvise in playing music; make a vamp for a shoe; use sex appeal to manipulate and exploit vamp /væmp/ n [C] old-fashioned [Date: 1900-2000; Origin: vampire] a woman who uses her sexual attractiveness to make men do what she wants جوراب کوتاه ، رویه ، وصله ، تعمیر کردن ، وصله کردن ، سرهم بندی کردن ، تمهید کردن ، گام زدن بر روی، قدم زدن ، ساز تنهازدن (همراه باآواز یا رقص)، بالبداهه گفتن و یا ساختن ، وسوسه و از راه بدرکردن . n. vamp kadın, şuh kadın, saya, yama (ayakkabı), basit ve notasız eşlik, yeniden ortaya çıkarma v. müziğe eşlik etmek, doğaçlamadan çalmak, baştan çıkartmak (erkeği) n. accompagnement improvisé; femme fatale, vamp v. improviser au piano; vamper e; after a commission examined and revamped communcations

Question 107

blitz

Answer 107

n. bombardment, swift massive offensive, onslaught n. bombardment, swift massive offensive, onslaught v. attack swiftly and suddenly, violently attack, rapidly bombard blitz /blɪts/ n [C usually singular] [Date: 1900-2000; Origin: blitzkrieg] a sudden military attack, especially from the air the Blitz (=the bombing of British cities by German aircraft in 1940 and 1941) informal a period of great effort in order to deal with something quickly and completely blitz on 　We'll have to have a blitz on the house before your parents arrive. a big effort to make people notice something or buy something a media/marketing/advertising etc blitz 　The campaign was launched with a nationwide publicity blitz. >blitz v [T] 　News came that Rotterdam had been blitzed. حمله رعد آسا، حمله رعد آسا کردن . n. hava saldırısı, hava baskını v. hava saldırısıyla yıkmak n. bombardement aérien, attaque éclair, blitz n. bombardement aérien, attaque éclair, blitz v. faire une attaque éclair; assaillir soudainement, bombarder rapidement e: Biden plans decree blitz to dump Trump policies.

Question 108

martyr

Answer 108

n. one who chooses to die or be put to death rather than renounce his faith; one who suffers greatly v. make into a martyr; execute on religious grounds; torture; persecute mar·tyr1 /ˈmɑːtə US ˈmɑːrtər/ n [C] [Date: 800-900; Language: Late Latin; Origin: Greek martys 'witness'] someone who dies for their religious or political beliefs and is admired by people for this 　St. Stephen, the first Christian martyr martyr to 　He was a martyr to the cause of racial harmony. 　The army has been held back because the government is reluctant to make martyrs of the protesters. someone who tries hard to get other people's sympathy by complaining about how hard their life is - used to show disapproval 　I think she rather relishes the role of martyr. be a martyr to sth BrE spoken to suffer a lot because of an illness, problem, or bad situation 　She's a martyr to her arthritis. martyr 2 martyr2 v [T usually passive] if someone is martyred, they are killed because of their religious beliefs 　Becket was martyred in 1170. be martyred for sth 　Catherine was martyred for her faith. شهید، فدائی، شهید راه خدا کردن . n. şehit, işkence çekerek ölen kimse, kurban, mağdur v. şehit etmek, işkence etmek n. martyre, supplicié, personne qui choisit de mourir plutôt que de renoncer à sa foi v. martyriser; torturer, persécuter; faire souffrir

Question 109

decapitate

Answer 109

``` v. behead, cut off the head de·cap·i·tate /dɪˈkæpɪteɪt/ v [T] [Date: 1600-1700; Language: Late Latin; Origin: decapitatus, from Latin caput 'head'] to cut off someone's head 　a decapitated body >decapitation /dɪˌkæpɪˈteɪʃən/ n [U and C] سراز تن جدا کردن ، گردن زدن . v. başını kesmek; işten çıkarmak v. décapiter ```

Question 110

brag

Answer 110

v. boast, exaggerate about oneself brag /bræg/ v past tense and past participle bragged present participle bragging [I and T] to talk too proudly about what you have done, what you own etc - used to show disapproval = boast 　'I came out top in the test,' he bragged. brag about 　Ben's always bragging about his success with women. brag that 　Julia used to brag that her family had a villa in Spain. لاف زدن ، بالیدن ، فخرکردن ، باتکبر راه رفتن ، بادکردن ، لاف، مباهات، رجز خواندن n. övünme, yüksekten atma, atıcı, övünen kimse brag 2 [bræg] v. övünmek, böbürlenmek; yüksekten atmak v. se vanter, s'enorgueillir e: I dont really like Sara. she is always brags about her social status and looks down on other people. she is a snob

Question 111

incest

Answer 111

n. sexual relations between individuals who are closely related in·cest /ˈɪnsest/ n [U] [Date: 1200-1300; Language: Latin; Origin: incestum, from castus 'pure'; CHASTE] sex between people who are closely related in a family 　Abortions would only be allowed in cases of rape or incest. زنای با محارم و نزدیکان . n. ensest, yakın akraba ile cinsel ilişki n. inceste e: French incest allegations prompt victims to speak out

Question 112

revolt

Answer 112

n. rebellion, uprising, insurrection; act of protest v. rebel, rise up against authority; shock, cause disgust; be shocked, feel disgusted re·volt1 /rɪˈvəult US -ˈvoult/ n [U and C] a refusal to accept someone's authority or obey rules or laws = rebellion 　The prime minister is now facing a revolt by members of his own party. revolt against 　a revolt against authority revolt over 　a revolt over the proposed spending cuts in revolt 　French farmers are in revolt over cheap imports. strong and often violent action by a lot of people against their ruler or government = rebellion →revolution 　the Polish revolt of 1863 revolt against 　a revolt against the central government revolt of 　the successful revolt of the American colonies put down/crush a revolt (=use military force to stop it) 　Troops loyal to the President crushed the revolt. revolt 2 revolt2 v [Date: 1500-1600; Language: French; Origin: révolter, from Old Italian rivoltare 'to defeat and remove from power', from Latin revolvere; REVOLVE] [I] if people revolt, they take strong and often violent action against the government, usually with the aim of taking power away from them = rebel →revolution revolt against 　It was feared that the army would revolt against the government. [I] to refuse to accept someone's authority or obey rules or laws = rebel revolt against 　Some members of the government may revolt against this proposed legislation. [T usually passive] if something revolts you, it is so unpleasant that it makes you feel sick and shocked →revulsion 　He was revolted by the smell. شورش یا طغیان کردن ، اظهار تنفر کردن ، طغیان ، شورش، بهم خوردگی، انقلاب، شوریدن . n. başkaldırma, ayaklanma, isyan v. başkaldırmak, isyan etmek, ayaklanmak, ayrılmak, iğrenmek, tiksinmek, nefret etmek, dehşete düşmek, iğrendirmek, nefret ettirmek n. révolte v. se révolter, troubler, bouleverser; faire troubler e: Tory MPs reportedly revolt against further remote learning amid warning of lost generation of kids

Question 113

intercept

Answer 113

v. take, seize; cause to stop; delay, hinder, obstruct; interrupt; intersect (Mathematics); take possession of a ball or puck (Sports) in·ter·cept /ˌɪntəˈsept US -ər-/ v [T] [Date: 1400-1500; Language: Latin; Origin: , past participle of intercipere, from capere 'to take'] to stop something or someone that is going from one place to another before they get there 　an attempt to intercept drugs being smuggled over the border 　Harker's phone calls had been intercepted. >interception /-ˈsepʃən/ n [U and C] بریدن ، قطع کردن ، جدا کردن ، حائل شدن ، جلو کسی را گرفتن ، جلو گیری کردن .دربین راه بودن . (f.) durdurmak, yolunu kesmek; yolda iken tutmak, tevkif etmek. interception (i.) tevkif, durdurma. interceptor (i.) yol kesen kimse; avcı uçağı. v. intercepter; arrêter; freiner; retarder; déranger le cours de; capter e: reports claim explosion heard in Riyadh as Saudi Arabia intercepts Ballistic missiles

Question 114

rampant

Answer 114

adj. behaving wildly, moving about furiously; prevailing, abundant ram·pant /ˈræmpənt/ adj [Date: 1300-1400; Language: French; Origin: , present participle of ramper 'to climb, crawl'] if something bad, such as crime or disease, is rampant, there is a lot of it and it is very difficult to control →rife, widespread widespread 　Pickpocketing is rampant in the downtown area. 　The country has high unemployment and rampant inflation . a plant that is rampant grows and spreads quickly, in a way that is difficult to control >rampantly adv شایع، منتشرشده ، فراوان ، حکمفرما. adj. şahlanmış, coşmuş, azgın, öfkeli, her tarafa yayılan (bitki), arka ayakları üzerine kalkmış adj. furieux; déchaîné; répandu, fréquent, abondant e: Their cheating was even more rampant than last year, sir!

Question 115

Don't pick on me!

Answer 115

به من گیر نده، سر به سرم نذار | Satasmak

Question 116

count your blessings and stop complaining

Answer 116

به داشته هات شکر کن

Question 117

hefty

Answer 117

adj. big, powerful; heavy, weighty hef·ty /ˈhefti/ adj [usually before noun] big and heavy 　a tall, hefty man 　a hefty tome (=large thick book) 　hefty camera equipment a hefty amount of something, especially money, is very large 　a hefty fine BrE a hefty blow, kick etc is done using a lot of force 　He aimed a hefty kick at the door. 　a hefty shove قوی، سنگین . adj. bol, iri yarı, çam yarması gibi, ağır, etkili adj. grand, puissant, fort; lourd, costaud, gros; influent, important e: France's government in hot water as UK inks hefty deal to supply French-Australian Covid vaccine Valneva

Question 118

quota

Answer 118

n. maximum quantity, upper limit; limited quantity, restricted amount quo·ta /ˈkwəutə US ˈkwou-/ n [C] [Date: 1600-1700; Language: Medieval Latin; Origin: Latin quota pars 'how large a part'] an official limit on the number or amount of something that is allowed in a particular period quota on 　The government has imposed quotas on the export of timber. 　The government has decided to scrap quotas on car imports. quota for 　Several countries have now set quotas for cod fishing. 　There are plans to introduce strict immigration quotas . an amount of something that someone is expected to do or achieve quota of 　Each person was given a quota of tickets to sell. quota for 　In the 1990s the Navy couldn't fill its quota for new recruits. meet/make/achieve a quota 　Workers only get paid if they make their quota. sales/production quota 　They're worried that they won't achieve this year's sales quota. an amount of something that you think is fair, right, or normal = fair share quota of 　The committee has had more than its quota of problems. 　I think I've had my quota of coffee for the day. BrE a particular number of votes that someone needs to get to be elected in an election -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COLLOCATES for sense 1 impose/introduce a quota (=officially start a quota) set a quota (=say what the quota for something will be) lift/end/scrap a quota import/export quota strict quota سهمیه ، سهم، بنیچه . i. hisse, pay; belirli sayı veya miktar, kontenjan, kota. n. quota, quantité limitée, nombre restreint: contingent; cotisation e: UK reaches agreement on fishing quotas with Norway

Question 119

meek

Answer 119

adj. timid; humble; lowly; overly patient or submissive meek /miːk/ adj [Date: 1100-1200; Language: Old Norse; Origin: mjukr 'soft'] very quiet and gentle and unwilling to argue with people 　He was always so meek and mild . >meekly adv 　'All right,' said Neil meekly. >meekness n [U] فروتن ، افتاده ، بردبار، حلیم، باحوصله ، ملایم، بیروح، خونسرد، مهربان ، نجیب، رام. adj. yumuşak başlı, uysal, alçakgönüllü, mütevazi, ezik, silik adj. humble; doux; obéissant; modeste e: as meek as lamb

Question 120

elicit

Answer 120

v. extract from, bring out, draw out e·li·cit /ɪˈlɪsɪt/ v [T] [Date: 1600-1700; Language: Latin; Origin: elicitus, past participle of elicere 'to draw out'] to succeed in getting information or a reaction from someone, especially when this is difficult 　When her knock elicited no response , she opened the door and peeped in. elicit sth from sb 　The test uses pictures to elicit words from the child. >elicitation /ɪˌlɪsɪˈteɪʃən/ n [U] بیرون کشیدن ، استخراج کردن ، استنباط کردن . v. çıkarmak, öğrenmek, meydana çıkarmak, aydınlatmak, tepki göstermek, tepkiye neden olmak v. tirer (les faits) au clair, découvrir, obtenir, provoque; arracher e: elicitation technique for a reporter

Question 121

shorthand

Answer 121

n. rapid handwriting method that uses abbreviations and symbols to represent letters words and phrases adj. pertaining to shorthand; written in shorthand (rapid handwriting method) short·hand /ˈʃɔːthænd US ˈʃɔːrt-/ n [U] a fast method of writing using special signs or shorter forms to represent letters, words, and phrases in shorthand 　The reporter took notes in shorthand. 　a secretary who takes shorthand (=writes in shorthand) → longhand a shorter but less clear way of saying something shorthand for 　He's been 'relocated', which is shorthand for 'given a worse job a long way away'. تند نویسی، مختصر نویسی. n. steno, stenografi adj. steno bilen, steno, stenografi n. sténographie adj. sténographié e: shorthand skill

Question 122

articulate

Answer 122

adj. speaking fluently, eloquent; expressed using clear and distinct syllables; able to speak; composed of several distinct parts or segments; arranged into a unified whole; made distinct, clearly marked n. member of the Articulata, animal belonging to a subdivision of animals whose bodies and limbs are composed of segments jointed together (Zoology) v. express in an articulate manner ar·tic·u·late1 /ɑːˈtɪkjʊleɪt US ɑːr-/ v [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Latin; Origin: , past participle of articulare 'to divide into joints, speak clearly', from articulus; ARTICLE] [T] formal to express your ideas or feelings in words 　Many people are unable to articulate the unhappiness they feel. [I and T] to pronounce what you are saying in a clear and careful way 　He was so drunk that he could barely articulate his words. [I and T] technical if something such as a bone in your body is articulated to another thing, it is joined to it in a way that allows movement articulate sth with sth formal if one idea, system etc articulates with another idea, system etc, the two things are related and exist together 　a new course that is designed to articulate with the current degree course articulate 2 ar·tic·u·late2 /ɑːˈtɪkjʊlɪt US ɑːr-/ adj able to talk easily and effectively about things, especially difficult subjects ≠ inarticulate 　bright, articulate 17-year-olds 　a highly articulate speaker writing or speech that is articulate is very clear and easy to understand even if the subject is difficult >articulately adv شمرده سخن گفتن ، مفصل دار کردن ، ماهر در صحبت، بندبند. adj. açık, açıkça belirtilmiş, tane tane söylenmiş, kolay anlaşılan, düşüncelerini kolay ifade edebilen, konuşkan, eklemli v. açıkça söylemek, hecelemek, açık seçik belirtmek, telaffuz etmek, tane tane söylemek, eklemlerle birleştirmek adj. articulé, net, distinct, éloquent; exprimé de façon clair; composé de plusieurs segments n. articulé, animal à articulations v. articuler; s'articuler e: reporter should articulate

Question 123

dice

Answer 123

n. cubes with different numbers of spots on each side (used in games of chance) v. chop into small cubes; play games with dice dice1 /daɪs/ n [Date: 1300-1400; Origin: Plural of DIE1] [plural] singular die one or more small blocks of wood, plastic etc that have six sides with a different number of spots on each side, used in games throw/roll the dice 　It's your turn to roll the dice. [U] any game of chance that is played with dice the dice are loaded the situation is arranged so that a particular person will win or gain an advantage no dice especially AmE old-fashioned spoken used to refuse to do something or to say that something is not possible 　'Can I borrow some cash?' 'Sorry, no dice.' a throw of the dice something you do that you hope will have an effect on a situation, but is not certain to do so 　a last desperate throw of the dice to try and win his wife back -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- HINT sense 1 Die is singular and dice is plural, but many people use dice when they are talking about a single die. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- dice 2 dice2 v also dice sth⇔up [T] to cut food into small square pieces 　diced carrots dice with death to put yourself in a very dangerous situation طاس تخته نرد، بریدن به قطعات کوچک ، نرد بازی کردن .طاس، تاس. n. zar oyunu, zarlar v. zar atmak; küp küp kesmek n. dé, dés (jeu) v. découper en dés; jouer aux dés e: one more roll of a dice

Question 124

hobo

Answer 124

n. tramp, unemployed worker, beggar ho·bo /ˈhəubəu US ˈhoubou/ n plural hobos [C] AmE [Date: 1800-1900; Origin: Perhaps from the greeting ho, boy!] someone who travels around and has no home or regular job British Equivalent: tramp کمارگر دوره گرد، دوره گردی کردن . n. serseri, boş gezenin boş kalfası, gezici rençber, amele n. vagabond, chômeur

Question 125

retract

Answer 125

v. annul, cancel; recant; withdraw, take back; retreat, draw back, pull back; pull inward; use a surgical device to keep open the edges of an organ or wound re·tract /rɪˈtrækt/ v formal [Date: 1400-1500; Language: Latin; Origin: , past participle of retrahere 'to pull back', from trahere 'to pull'] [T] if you retract something that you said or agreed, you say that you did not mean it = withdraw 　He confessed to the murder but later retracted his statement. [I and T] if part of a machine or an animal's body retracts or is retracted, it moves back into the main part 　The sea otter can retract the claws on its front feet. منقبض کردن ، تو رفتن ، جمع شدن . v. geri çekmek, geri almak, vazgeçmek, içeri çekmek, geri çekilmek, sözünü geri almak, caymak, çekilmek, dili çekerek telaffuz etmek v. se rétracter, supprimer, annuler; s'écarter, se détourner e: glass roof on the swimming pool is partly retractable

Question 126

trampoline

Answer 126

tram·po·line /ˈtræmpəliːn/ n [C] [Date: 1700-1800; Language: Spanish; Origin: trampolín, from Italian trampolino] a piece of equipment that you jump up and down on as a sport. It consists of a metal frame with a piece of strong cloth stretched tightly over it. n. trambolin, sıçrama bezi n. trampoline

Question 127

grant

Answer 127

n. award; gift, present; contribution, donation v. bestow; give; agree; answer to -; donate grant1 W2S2 /grɑːnt US grænt/ v [T] [Date: 1200-1300; Language: Old French; Origin: creanter, graanter, from Latin credere 'to believe'] formal to give someone something or allow them to have something that they have asked for 　Britain could grant Spain's request . 　I would love to be able to grant her wish. grant sb sth 　The council have granted him permission to build on the site. grant sth to sb 　A licence to sell alcohol was granted to the club. grant that (=used in prayers) 　Grant that we may know your presence and love. to admit that something is true although it does not make much difference to your opinion →concede 　He's got talent, I grant you , but he doesn't work hard enough. take it for granted (that) to believe that something is true without making sure 　He just took it for granted that he would pass the exam. take sb/sth for granted to expect that someone or something will always be there when you need them and never think how important or useful they are 　Bridget was careful not to take him for granted. grant 2 grant2 W2S1 n [C] an amount of money given to someone, especially by the government, for a particular purpose 　The university gets a government grant. 　Anyone wishing to apply for a grant should write to the Treasurer. grant of 　a grant of £50,000 grant from 　These studios are funded by a grant from the Kress Foundation. اهدائ، بخشش، عطا، امتیاز، اجازه واگذاری رسمی، کمک هزینه تحصیلی، دادن ، بخشیدن ، اعطا کردن ، تصدیق کردن ، مسلم گرفتن ، موافقت کردن . n. bağış, nasip, hibe, imtiyaz, burs, ödenek, devir, feragatname v. vermek, nasip etmek, onaylamak, kabul etmek, bağışlamak, burs vermek n. prix, prime; cadeau, présent; donation, contribution, bourse d'études; allocation; pension; offrande v. accorder, attribuer, donner; concéder, accepter, être d'accord avec; faire un don, subventionner e: apply for a grant for ur project

Question 128

run through

Answer 128

go over briefly run through phr v run through sth to repeat something in order to practise it or make sure it is correct 　Let's run through the first scene again. run through sth to read, look at, or explain something quickly 　Briefly, she ran through details of the morning's events. run through sth if a quality, feature etc runs through something, it is present in all of that thing 　This theme runs through the whole book. run sb through literary to push a sword completely through someone passer rapidement sur e: i run through some basic info

Question 129

revert

Answer 129

n. person or thing which returns to a previous condition or belief; reversion, return of property to its owner after the occurrence of a particular event (Law) v. return to previous condition or belief; (about property) be returned to a former owner or his heirs (Law); return to an earlier form or type (Biology); return to a particular topic re·vert /rɪˈvəːt US -əːrt/ v revert to / [revert to sb/sth] phr v [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Old French; Origin: revertir, from Latin revertere 'to turn back', from vertere 'to turn'] to change back to a situation that existed in the past = go back to 　The city reverted to its former name of St Petersburg. 　After a few weeks, everything reverted to normal . formal to return to an earlier subject of conversation = go back to 　To revert to the question of exams, I'd like to explain further. law if land or a building reverts to its former owner, it becomes their property again برگشتن ، رجوع کردن ، اعاده دادن ، برگشت. v. eski haline dönmek, ilkel haline dönmek, yeniden dönmek, dönmek, tekrar değinmek, çevirmek (bakış) n. retour, revireur v. retourner (à la situation précédente) e: then liquid reverts to a gas in the machine

Question 130

lush

Answer 130

n. drunkard; alcoholic beverage, liquor v. drink alcoholic beverages; supply with alcoholic beverages adj. luxuriant, growing in abundance (of plants, etc.); full of plant growth, overgrown; rich, ornate, luxurious lush1 /lʌʃ/ adj [Date: 1400-1500; Origin: Perhaps from Old French lache 'soft, loose'] plants that are lush grow many leaves and look healthy and strong 　a lush green mountainous island 　The fields were lush with grass and flowers. very beautiful, comfortable, and expensive = luxurious 　lush carpets lush 2 lush2 n [C] [Date: 1700-1800; Origin: Perhaps from LUSH1] informal an alcoholic پر آب، آبدار، شاداب، پرپشت، با شکوه ، مست کردن ، مشروبخوار، الکلی. n. içkici tip, ayyaş v. çok içmek, çok içirmek adj. sulu, özlü, bereketli, bol, içkici n. ivrogne; boisson alcoolisée; liqueur v. boire de l'alcool; s'adonner à la boisson adj. abondant; riche; plein de sève; juteux e: these produce lush vegetation

Question 131

contrition

Answer 131

n. repentance, penitence, regret, remorse con·trite /ˈkɔntraɪt US ˈkɑːn-/ adj formal [Date: 1200-1300; Language: Old French; Origin: contrit, from Latin, past participle of conterere 'to rub together, bruise', from com- ( COM-) + terere 'to rub'] feeling guilty and sorry for something bad that you have done 　a contrite apology >contritely adv >contrition /kənˈtrɪʃən/ n [U] پشیمانی، توبه ، ندامت. n. pişmanlık n. contrition e: there is mountains of contrition

Question 132

hothouse

Answer 132

n. greenhouse, structure in which plants are raised out of season hot·house /ˈhɔthaus US ˈhɑːt-/ n [C] a heated building, usually made of glass, where delicate plants can grow → greenhouse hothouse atmosphere/environment etc a situation or place where there is a lot of activity and ideas زندان ، گلخانه ، گرمخانه ، عشرتکده . n. sera, limonluk n. serre chaude

Question 133

verdant

Answer 133

adj. green; covered with vegetation; inexperienced ver·dant /ˈvəːdənt US ˈvəːr-/ adj literary [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Old French; Origin: verdeant, present participle of verdoier 'to be green', from verd, vert 'green'] verdant land is thickly covered with fresh green plants 　verdant fields سبز رنگ ، پوشیده از سبزه ، بیتجربه adj. yeşil, toy, tecrübesiz adj. bleu, sans expérience e: turning verdant ecozones into semi-arid deserts

Question 134

arid

Answer 134

adj. dry, parched ar·id /ˈærɪd/ adj [Date: 1600-1700; Language: French; Origin: aride, from Latin aridus] arid land or an arid climate is very dry because it has very little rain 　Water from the Great Lakes is pumped to arid regions . not having any new, interesting, or exciting features or qualities 　My mind was arid, all inspiration gone. >aridity /əˈrɪdɪti/ n [U] خشک ، بایر، لم یزرع، خالی، بیمزه ، بیروح، بی لطافت. adj. kuru, kurak, çorak, yavan, sıkıcı, tatsız adj. aride, dépourvu d'humidité, sec, stérile

Question 135

rigour

Answer 135

n. hardness, stiffness, rigidity, strictness (alternate spelling for rigor) rig·our BrE rigor AmE /ˈrɪgə US -ər/ n the rigours of sth the problems and difficulties of a situation 　all the rigors of a Canadian winter 　the stresses and rigours of modern life [U] great care and thoroughness in making sure that something is correct 　Their research seems to me to be lacking in rigour. ( rigor) سختی، سختگیری، خشونت، تندی، دقت زیاد. n. sıkıntı, cefa, zorluk, kötü koşullar, sertlik, katılık, kesinlik, dakiklik, titreme, titizlik, şiddet, ürperme, kasılma, katılaşma n. rigueur, sévérité, rigidité e: subject our food bearing plants to the rigours of outdoors

Question 136

stride

Answer 136

n. act of striding; one long step; distance covered in one step; progress v. walk with long easy steps; go over in one long step; straddle stride1 /straɪd/ n -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1【step】 2【improvement】 3 take something in your stride 4 get into your stride 5【way of walking】 6 break (your) stride 7 put somebody off their stride 8 (match somebody) stride for stride -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 【STEP】 [C] a long step you make while you are walking →pace 　Paco reached the door in only three strides. 【IMPROVEMENT】 [C] an improvement in a situation or in the development of something make great/major/giant etc strides 　The government has made great strides in reducing poverty. take sth in your stride BrE take something in stride AmE to not allow something to annoy, embarrass, or upset you 　When the boss asked Judy to stay late, she took it in stride. get into your stride BrE hit your stride AmE to start doing something confidently and well 　Once I get into my stride I can finish an essay in a few hours. 【WAY OF WALKING】 [singular] the way you walk or run 　the runner's long, loping stride break (your) stride especially AmE a) to begin moving more slowly or to stop when you are running or walking b) if you break your stride, or if someone or something breaks it, you are prevented from continuing in what you are doing 　Collins dealt with the reporters' questions without breaking stride . put sb off their stride especially BrE knock/throw/keep somebody off stride AmE to make someone unable to do something effectively, by not allowing them to give all their attention to it 　Shea's testimony threw the defense off stride. (match sb) stride for stride to manage to be just as fast, strong, skilled etc as someone else, even if they keep making it harder for you stride 2 stride2 past tense strode /strəud US stroud/ past participle stridden /ˈstrɪdn/ v [I always + adverb/preposition] written [Language: Old English; Origin: stridan] to walk quickly with long steps →march stride across/into/down etc 　He strode toward her. گام های بلند برداشتن ، با قدم پیمودن ، گشادگشاد راه رفتن ، قدم زدن ، قدم، گام، شلنگ زدن . n. uzun adım, uzun adımlarla yürüme, bir adımlık mesafe v. ata biner gibi oturmak, yürüyerek geçmek, geçip gitmek, uzun adımlarla yürümek, atlayarak geçmek, aşmak n. grand pas, enjambée v. marcher, franchir e: countries are making major strides

Question 137

alibi

Answer 137

n. excuse; defense v. offer an excuse; make an alibi; find a pretext al·i·bi /ˈælɪbaɪ/ n [C] [Date: 1600-1700; Language: Latin; Origin: 'somewhere else'] something that proves that someone was not where a crime happened and therefore could not have done it a perfect/cast-iron/unshakeable etc alibi 　He had a perfect alibi and the police let him go. an excuse for something you have failed to do or have done wrong حق. ) غیبت هنگام وقوع جرم، جای دیگر، بهانه ، عذر، بهانه آوردن ، عذر خواستن . n. suç anında başka yerde olduğu iddiası, suç mahallinden başka yerde, mazeret, gerekçe n. alibi; prétexte, excuse v. avoir un alibi, présenter un alibi, trouver un prétexte e: he has got alibi for Gale's murder

Question 138

Allies vs axis forces

Answer 138

نیروهای متفقین مقابل متحدین

Question 139

licit

Answer 139

``` adj. lawful, legal; allowed, permitted Pronunciation: 'li-sət Function: adjective Etymology: Middle French licite, from Latin licitus, from past participle of licēre to be permitted ― more at LICENSE Date: 15th century ``` : conforming to the requirements of the law : not forbidden by law : PERMISSIBLE synonyms see LAWFUL –lic·it·ly adverb مشروع، حلال، قانونی، روا، مجاز، حراج، فروش از طریق مزایده . adj. yasal, meşru, mübâh adj. licite, autorisé e: space to hide illicit activity

Question 140

dispose

Answer 140

v. control; arrange, put in order dis·pose /dɪˈspəuz US -ˈspouz/ v [T always + adverb/preposition] [Date: 1300-1400; Language: French; Origin: disposer, from Latin disponere 'to arrange'] formal to arrange things or put them in their places 　Chinese vases are disposed around the gallery. dispose of [dispose of sth] phr v to get rid of something, especially something that is difficult to get rid of 　an incinerator built to dispose of toxic waste to sell something, especially part of a business 　I am still not sure how best to dispose of the shares. formal to deal with something such as a problem or question successfully 　Your idea at least disposes of the immediate problem. to defeat an opponent 　Two goals by Raul disposed of Barcelona. dispose to/towards [dispose sb to/towards sth] phr v to make someone more likely to have particular feelings or thoughts 　The body releases a chemical that disposes you towards sleep. (=disposal) مرتب کردن ، مستعد کردن ، ترتیب کارها را معین کردن . v. düzenlemek, kullanmak, ikna etmek, isteklendirmek, kontrolünde tutmak v. disposer, arranger e: u caught me somewhat indisposed

Question 141

predecessor

Answer 141

n. one who came before (in a job, etc.); ancestor, forefather pre·de·ces·sor /ˈpriːdɪsesə US ˈpredɪsesər/ n [C] [Date: 1300-1400; Language: French; Origin: prédécesseur, from Late Latin, from Latin decedere 'to go away, leave your job'] someone who had your job before you started doing it ≠ successor 　Kennedy's predecessor as president was the war hero Dwight Eisenhower. a machine, system etc that existed before another one in a process of development ≠ successor 　The new BMW has a more powerful engine than its predecessor. ماقبل، سلف.اسبق، سابق، قبلی، جد، اجداد، ( درجمع ) پیشنیان . n. öncel, selef, önceki kimse, önceki kuşaklar, öncelikli, cet, ata n. prédécesseur e: the game features several improvements to the gameplay from its predecessor

Question 142

reminiscent

Answer 142

adj. suggestive, evocative, serving to remind; tending to remember past events and experiences rem·i·nis·cent /ˌremɪˈnɪsənt/ adj [Date: 1700-1800; Language: Latin; Origin: , present participle of reminisci 'to remember'] reminiscent of sth reminding you of something 　a style strongly reminiscent of Virginia Woolf's novels literary thinking about the past 　Her face wore a reminiscent smile. یاد بود، خاطره ، یادآور. adj. hatırlayan, anan, hatırlatan, andıran, geçmişi hatırlatan, geçmişten konuşmaya istekli, eskilerden söz eden adj. réminiscent, mentionnant, rappelant; évocatif, suggestif e: they are reminiscent of good days

Question 143

barley

Answer 143

n. type of grain bar·ley /ˈbɑːli US ˈbɑːrli/ n [U] [Date: 1100-1200; Language: Old English; Origin: bArlic 'of barley', from bAre, bere 'barley'] a plant that produces a grain used for making food or alcohol جو، شعیر. n. arpa n. orge, céréale des régions à climat tempéré

Question 144

scarecrow

Answer 144

n. large stuffed figure in the form of a man which is used to frighten birds away from crops مترسک ، لولو، آدمک سرخرمن ، موجب ترس. i. bostan korkuluğu; hırpani kılıklı kimse. n. épouvantail

Question 145

favouritism

Answer 145

n. favoring of one over others, preferring of one over others (also favoritism) fa·vou·ri·tis·m BrE favoritism AmE /ˈfeɪvərɪtɪzəm/ n when you treat one person or group better than others, in an unfair way 　their favouritism towards their first son طرفداری ، تبعیض قائل شدن n. adam kayırma, taraf tutma, iltimas n. favoritisme, privilège

Question 146

auditorium

Answer 146

n. large room (used for lectures, performances, etc.) concert hall au·di·to·ri·um /ˌɔːdɪˈtɔːriəm US ˌɔː-/ n plural auditoriums or auditoria /-rəa/ [C] [Date: 1600-1700; Language: Latin; Origin: 'place for hearing', from audire; AUDIO] the part of a theatre where people sit when watching a play, concert etc AmE a large building used for concerts or public meetings تالار کنفرانس، تالار شنوندگان ، شنودگاه . n. oditoryum, konser salonu, toplantı salonu, konferans salonu n. auditorium, salle spécialement aménagée pour les auditions musicales et théâtrales

Question 147

dogma

Answer 147

n. system of principles; system of religious laws dog·ma /ˈdɔgmə US ˈdɔːgmə, ˈdɑːgmə/ n [U and C] [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Latin; Origin: Greek dokein 'to seem'] a set of firm beliefs held by a group of people who expect other people to accept these beliefs without thinking about them religious/political/ideological etc dogma 　the rejection of political dogma عقیده دینی، اصول عقاید، عقاید تعصب آمیز. n. dogma, inak, inanç, dini sistem; kesin fikir n. dogme, système de principes; jurisprudence, foi e: dark dogma

Question 148

sea water, salt water, fresh water

Answer 148

آب دریا | آب شیرین

Question 149

sap

Answer 149

n. juice of a plant, fluid which circulates through a plant; essential body fluid (such as blood); vigor, health, vitality; fool, gullible person (Slang); deep tunnel or trench leading to an enemy's fort (Military) v. remove sap, drain sap; tire, weaken, exhaust; subvert, undermine; dig a deep trench leading to an enemy's fort (Military) sap1 /sæp/ n [Language: Old English; Origin: sAp] [U] the watery substance that carries food through a plant [C] informal a stupid person who is easy to deceive or treat badly sap 2 sap2 past tense and past participle sapped present participle sapping v [T] to make something weaker or destroy it, especially someone's strength or their determination to do something = weaken sap sb's strength/courage/energy 　Her long illness was gradually sapping Charlotte's strength. شیره ، شیره گیاهی، عصاره ، خون ، شیره کشیده از، ضعیف کردن . n. özsu, usare, bitki özü, hayat kaynağı, ahmak, avanak, cop, duvar yıkma çukuru, lâğım kanalı v. altını kazarak yıkmak, temelini bozmak, baltalamak, cop ile yere sermek, ağaçtan yalancı odun çıkarmak n. sève, jus d'une plante; substance essentiel au corps (comme le sang); énergie, force, santé, vitalité; andouille, personne naïve, simple d'esprit (Argot), sape, profond tunnel ou tranchée qui conduit au camp ennemi (Militaire) v. saper, détruire les fondements d'un mur en creusant une tranchée; miner, chercher à détruire e: it may sap u down

Question 150

heir

Answer 150

n. one who inherits the property or position of another, inheritor, successor, beneficiary heir /eə US er/ n [C] [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Old French; Origin: Latin heres] the person who has the legal right to receive the property or title of another person when they die heir to 　John was the sole heir to a vast estate. heir to the throne (=the person who will become king or queen) the person who will take over a position or job after you, or who does things or thinks in a similar way to you 　Jonson was his political heir as leader of the Nationalist Party. وارث، میراث بر، ارث بر، حاصل، ارث بردن ، جانشین شدن . n. varis, mirasçı n. héritier, légataire; successeur; bénéficiaire Heiress

Question 151

hector

Answer 151

v. brag; bully, dominate; harass, torment hec·tor /ˈhektə US -ər/ v [I and T] [Date: 1600-1700; Origin: Hector a brave soldier in the ancient Greek story of Troy] to speak to someone in an angry threatening way 　a hectoring tone of voice باحرف بزرگ ) اسم خاص مذکر، آدم گردن فراز، خودنما، لاف زدن ، قلدری کردن ، (افسانه یونان وباحرف بزرگ ) یکی از فرزندان پریام (priam). v. kabadayılık etmek, gözünü korkutmak, sindirmek, yüksekten atmak n. kabadayı v. fanfaronner, se vanter; intimider, brutaliser, rudoyer; harasser, tourmenter, dominer e: - i dont understand why u hectoring me about this

Question 152

co-educational=Mixed-sex

Answer 152

مدرسه مختلط

Question 153

stifle

Answer 153

v. hold back, restrain; crush, quell; smother, suffocate, asphyxiate; be suffocated sti·fle /ˈstaɪfəl/ v [Date: 1300-1400; Origin: Probably from Old French estouffer 'to stifle'] [T] to stop something from happening or developing ≠ encourage 　rules and regulations that stifle innovation 　How can this party stifle debate on such a crucial issue? [T] to stop a feeling from being expressed 　He stifled an urge to hit her. stifle a yawn/smile/grin etc 　I tried to stifle my laughter. [I,T usually passive] if you are stifled by something, it stops you breathing comfortably 　He was almost stifled by the fumes. خفه کردن ، خاموش کردن ، فرونشاندن . 1. f. boğmak; bastırmak, son dürmek; boğulmak, nefesi tıkanmak. 2. i., stifle joint at veya köpeğin incik kemiği ile but kemiği arasındaki mafsal. v. étouffer, suffoquer, asphyxier; réprimer

Question 154

stall

Answer 154

n. stand, booth; pen, compartment in a stable for an animal; pretext to delay; protective covering for a finger; (Airplanes) loss of control, loss of lift; (British) orchestra seats v. put into a stable; delay, check the progress of; cause to stop, cause to turn off (of a motor) stall1 S2 /stɔːl US stɔːl/ n [Sense: 1-2, 4-6; Origin: Old English steall] [Sense: 3; Date: 1900-2000; Origin: STALL2] [C] a table or a small shop with an open front, especially outdoors, where goods are sold 　a market stall [C] an enclosed area in a building for an animal such as a horse or cow [C usually singular] if a plane goes into a stall, its engine stops working [C usually plural] a seat in a row of fixed seats for priests and singers in some larger churches 　choir stalls bathroom/toilet/shower stall a small enclosed private area for washing or using the toilet the stalls BrE the seats on the main level of a theatre or cinema 　a good seat in the front row of the stalls stall 2 stall2 v [Sense: 1,4; Date: 1900-2000; Origin: stall 'to put in a stall' (14-20 centuries), from STALL1] [Sense: 2-3; Date: 1800-1900; Origin: stale 'something that leads people from the correct way' (15-19 centuries), from Anglo-French estale 'something set up'] [I and T] if an engine or vehicle stalls, or if you stall it, it stops because there is not enough power or speed to keep it going 　The car kept stalling. 　An inexperienced pilot may easily stall a plane. [I] informal to deliberately delay because you are not ready to do something, answer questions etc 　 Quit stalling and answer my question! 　He was just stalling for time . [T] informal to make someone wait or stop something from happening until you are ready 　Maybe we can stall the sale until the prices go up. 　We've got to stall him somehow. [I] to stop making progress or developing 　The peace process remained stalled. 　While his career has stalled, hers has taken off. جای ایستادن اسب در طویله ، آخور، غرفه ، دکه چوبی کوچک ، بساط، صندلی، لژ، جایگاه ویژه ، به آخور بستن ، از حرکت بازداشتن ، ماندن ، ممانعت کردن ، قصور ورزیدن ، دور سرگرداندن ، طفره ، طفره زدن . n. ahır, koltuk, stand, tezgâh, koltuk [tiy.], sargı (parmak), hız kaybedip düşme (uçak), park yeri, oyalama, bahanelerle aldatma, vakit kazanmaya çalışma v. oyalamak, hızı kesilerek düşmek, zaman kazanmak, geciktirmek, saplanmak, durmak (motor), stop etmek, hızı kesilmek n. case; éventaire, étalage, stand; emplacement (du marché); stalle de départ (chevaux); (médecine) doigtier: fauteuils (orchestre); (engin) calage; perte de contrôle; (aviation) perte de la force ascensionnelle, perte d'altitude v. faire entrer à l'étalage; retenir; s'éteindre; décliner une offre; se dérober e: I have stalled him as possibly i can

Question 155

overlook

Answer 155

v. look over; affording a view over; inspect, supervise; miss, omit, ignore; excuse مسلط یا مشرف بودن بر، چشم پوشی کردن ، چشم انداز. 1. f. gözden kaçırmak, dikkate almamak; önem vermemek; yüksek bir yerden bakmak; muayene veya teftiş etmek. 2. i. bakış, yukarıdan seyretme; yüksek yer; gözden kaçırma. v. avoir vue sur; dominer, commander, inspecter; donner sur; surveiller, superviser; fermer les yeux sur; oublier; négliger; laisser échapper e: we shouldn't overlook the issue

Question 156

shred

Answer 156

n. scrap, torn piece of material; bit, small amount v. tear into small pieces; destroy documents with a shredding machine; be torn into small pieces shred1 /ʃred/ n [Language: Old English; Origin: screade] [C] a small thin piece that is torn or cut roughly from something shred of 　a shred of paper tear/rip sth to shreds 　The clothes were ripped to shreds and covered in blood. tear/rip sth to shreds to criticize someone very severely 　Within a year, other researchers had torn the theory to shreds. in shreds a) torn in many places 　Uncle Earl was exhausted and his shirt hung in shreds. b) completely ruined 　His ambitious plan was in shreds. 　If Myra gossips about this, my reputation will be in shreds. shred of sth a very small amount of something 　There's not a shred of doubt (=no doubt at all) in my mind that we will win. 　He does not have a shred of evidence (=none at all) to prove his claim. 　the last shred of hope -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- HINT sense 4 Usually used with negative words such as not, without, and hardly . -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- shred 2 shred2 past tense and past participle shredded present participle shredding v [T] to cut or tear something into small thin pieces 　Coleslaw is made with shredded cabbage. to put a document into a shredder 　Carlson was collecting messages, reading them, then shredding them. پاره ، تکه ، ریز، خرده ، ذره ، سرتکه پارچه ، پاره کردن ، باریک بریدن n. parça, dilim, paçavra, en küçük parça v. parçalamak, dilimlemek, lime lime etmek, doğramak, küçük küçük kesmek, parçalanmak n. lambeau, déchirure, fragment, bout de papier déchiré; reste, parcelle, peu v. mettre en lambeau, déchirer, détruire, déchiqueter; râper; couper en lanières e: if we had a shred of proof

Question 157

errand

Answer 157

n. short trip to accomplish a task; task, business which needs to be accomplished er·rand /ˈerənd/ n [C] [Language: Old English; Origin: Arend] a short journey in order to do something for someone, for example delivering or collecting something for them 　I seemed to spend my life running errands for people. 　She was always sending me on errands . on an errand 　I couldn't stop because I was on an errand. 　He quickly set out on his errand of mercy (=journey to help someone in danger) . →(send sb on) a fool's errand at fool 1 (11) پیغام، ماموریت، فرمان ، پیغام بری، پیغام رسانی. n. bir iş için gönderme, ayak işleri, getir götür işi n. commission, course e: errand boy

Question 158

stray

Answer 158

v. wander off, leave the correct course; roam, meander; deviate from the norm, err; digress adj. lost, wandering, out of place; scattered, random, incidental n. one that has strayed; domestic animal that is lost or wandering far from its home stray1 /streɪ/ v [I] [Date: 1200-1300; Language: Old French; Origin: estraier, from Vulgar Latin extragare, from Latin extra- 'outside' + vagari 'to wander'] to move away from the place you should be stray into/onto/from 　Three of the soldiers strayed into enemy territory. to begin to deal with or think about a different subject from the main one, without intending to stray into/onto/from 　We're straying into ethnic issues here. 　This meeting is beginning to stray from the point . if your eyes stray, you begin to look at something else, usually without intending to stray to/back/over etc 　Her eyes strayed to the clock. to start doing something that is wrong or immoral, when usually you do not do this stray 2 stray2 adj [only before noun] a stray animal, such as a dog or cat, is lost or has no home accidentally separated from other things of the same kind 　One man was hit by a stray bullet and taken to hospital. stray 3 stray3 n [C] an animal that is lost or has no home informal someone or something that has become separated from others of the same kind →waifs and strays at waif سرگردان ، ولگردی، ولگرد، راه گذر، جانور بی صاحب، آواره کردن ، سرگردان شدن ، منحرف شدن ، گمراه شدن . v. dolaşmak, gezinmek, başıboş dolaşmak, yolunu kaybetmek, sapmak, yoldan sapmak, ayrılmak, parazit yapmak, cızırtı yapmak adj. başıboş, yolunu kaybetmiş, serseri, tek tük, rasgele, parazitli, cızırtılı n. başıboş hayvan, sürüden ayrılan hayvan, kaybolmuş kimse, başıboş kimse v. s'égarer; errer; s'écarter; dévier de la norme, quitter le bon chemin; vagabonder; rôder; adj. errant, égaré, perdu; accidentel, contingent, fortuit n. bête perdue, animal domestique égaré; (chien) errant

Question 159

scrawny

Answer 159

``` adj. very skinny, gaunt, lean, thin scraw·ny /ˈskrɔːni US ˈskrɔː-/ adj [Date: 1800-1900; Origin: scranny 'thin' (1800-1900), probably from a Scandinavian language] a scrawny person or animal looks very thin and weak 　a scrawny kid in jeans and a T-shirt 　a few scrawny hens لاغر واستخوانی. adj. cılız, sıska adj. décharné, maigre ```

Question 160

sledge

Answer 160

sledge1 /sledʒ/ n BrE also sled /sled/ [C] [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Dutch dialect; Origin: sleedse] a small vehicle used for sliding over snow, often used by children or in some sports →sleigh sledge 2 sledge2 BrE sled AmE v [I] to travel on a sledge سورتمه ، غلتک ، چکش آهنگری، پتک ، پتک زدن ، سورتمه راندن . n. kızak, balyoz, dövme çekici v. kızakla taşımak, kızağa binmek, kızakla gitmek n. luge, traîneau v. frapper au marteau; rouler en traîneau, faire de la luge, mener dans une luge e: wooden sledge hauled over log rails

Question 161

decimate

Answer 161

v. destroy a large part of dec·i·mate /ˈdesɪmeɪt/ v [T] [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Latin; Origin: decimatus, past participle of decimare 'to remove one tenth, kill one in ten', from decem 'ten'] to destroy a large part of something 　The population has been decimated by disease. >decimation /ˌdesɪˈmeɪʃən/ n [U] از هرده نفر یکی را کشتن ، تلفات زیاد وارد کردن . v. her onuncu adamı öldürmek; çoğunu öldürmek; kırıp geçirmek; önemli ölçüde azaltmak v. décimer; détruire, exterminer un grand nombre de quelque chose e: slave traders decimated the population

Question 162

shrivel

Answer 162

v. shrink and dry up, wither; cause to wither, cause to dry out; dwindle, decline, decrease in strength or intensity shriv·el /ˈʃrɪvəl/ v also shrivel up past tense and past participle shrivelled present participle shrivelling BrE past tense and past participle shriveled present participle shriveling AmE [I and T] [Date: 1500-1600; Origin: Perhaps from a Scandinavian language] if something shrivels, or if it is shrivelled, it becomes smaller and its surface becomes covered in lines because it is very dry or old 　The leaves change colour, then shrivel. >shrivelled BrE shriveled AmE adj 　a shrivelled apple چروک شدن ، چین خوردن ، خشک شدن . v. kırıştırmak, buruşturmak, büzmek, kurutmak, kırış kırış yapmak, kırışmak, buruşmak, içi geçmek, aciz duruma düşmek v. se ratatiner; se dessécher, se flétrir, se faner; dessécher e: population shrivelled

Question 163

haphazard

Answer 163

adj. random, irregular; lacking order or direction hap·haz·ard /ˌhæpˈhæzəd US -ərd/ adj [Date: 1500-1600; Origin: hap ( HAPPY) + hazard] happening or done in a way that is not planned or organized a haphazard way/manner/fashion 　I continued my studies in a rather haphazard way. 　Educational provision in the country is haphazard. >haphazardly adv 　bushes growing haphazardly here and there اتفاقی، برحسب تصادف، اتفاقا. adj. gelişigüzel, rasgele, şans eseri haphazard 2 adv. gelişigüzel, rasgele, şans eseri adj. par hasard, au petit bonheur e: haphazard arrangments of splashed paint on canvas

Question 164

fuzzy

Answer 164

adj. soft, cottony, fluffy; lint-covered; cloudy, hazy, blurry; confused fuzz·y /ˈfʌzi/ adj [Date: 1600-1700; Origin: Perhaps from Low German fussig 'loose'] if a sound or picture is fuzzy, it is unclear →blurred 　Some of the photos were so fuzzy it was hard to tell who was who. unclear or confused ≠ clear 　There's a fuzzy line between parents' and schools' responsibilities. covered with soft short hair or fur 　I stroked the kitten's fuzzy back. fuzzy hair is very curly and sticks straight up >fuzzily adv >fuzziness n [U] کرکی، ریش ریش، پرزدار، خوابدار، تیره . adj. kabarık saçlı, ince tüylü, tüy gibi, uçuşan, hayal meyal, belirsiz adj. doux, moutonné; couvert de duvet; brouillé, flou; éméché e: fuzzy concept

Question 165

cripple

Answer 165

n. lame person, person who is unable to use one of their limbs; lame animal v. make lame, maim, disable; damage crip·ple1 /ˈkrɪpəl/ n [C] [Language: Old English; Origin: crypel] old-fashioned someone who is unable to walk properly because their legs are damaged or injured - now considered offensive →disabled emotional cripple informal someone who cannot express their feelings to other people - used to show disapproval cripple 2 cripple2 v [T] old-fashioned to hurt someone badly so that they cannot walk properly = disable 　She was crippled in a car accident. to damage something badly so that it no longer works or is no longer effective 　The industry is being crippled by high interest rates. >crippled adj 　The pilot guided the crippled helicopter to the ground. لنگ ، چلاق، زمین گیر، عاجز، لنگ کردن ، فلج کردن . n. sakat, kötürüm, topal v. sakatlamak, kötürüm bırakmak, felce uğratmak; zayıflatmak n. estropié, infirme, invalide v. estropier; disloquer; détériorer, endommager e: the old cripple guy with the bell

Question 166

inflict

Answer 166

v. impose, mete out (punishment, etc.); cause something unpleasant (suffering, etc.) in·flict /ɪnˈflɪkt/ v [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Latin; Origin: , past participle of infligere, from fligere 'to hit'] [T] to make someone suffer something unpleasant inflict sth on/upon sb 　The strikes inflicted serious damage on the economy. 　Detectives warned that the men could inflict serious injury. inflict yourself/sb on sb to visit or be with someone when they do not want you - used humorously 　Was it really fair to her friends to inflict her nephew on them? >infliction /ɪnˈflɪkʃən/ n [U] 　the deliberate infliction of pain ضربت وارد آوردن ، ضربت زدن ، تحمیل کردن . v. vurmak, atmak, çarptırmak, vermek, yüklemek, yamamak v. infliger, imposer, punir; causer (souffrance, perte etc.) e: impose or inflict a/receive punishment

Question 167

freight

Answer 167

n. cargo or goods that are shipped for a fee; shipping cost; transportation, conveyance, shipment v. load with goods; load, weigh down; send as cargo freight1 /freɪt/ n [Date: 1400-1500; Language: Middle Dutch; Origin: vracht, vrecht] [U] goods that are carried by ship, train, or aircraft, and the system of moving these goods 　freight services 　We'll send your personal belongings by air freight and your furniture by sea freight. [C] AmE a freight train freight 2 freight2 v [T] to send goods by air, sea, or train کرایه ، کرایه کشتی، بار، بار کشتی، باربری، گرانبار کردن ، حمل کردن ، غنیساختن . n. taşıma, nakliye, yük, navlun, taşıma ücreti v. yüklemek, nakletmek, göndermek n. cargaison; charge ;envoi; transport; fret v. affréter (marchandises); fréter, charger; expédier un cargo e: freight elevator

Question 168

tenure

Answer 168

n. strength, act of holding; period; permanence (especially as referring to one's status as an employee) ten·ure /ˈtenjə, -juə US -jər/ n [U] [Date: 1400-1500; Language: Old French; Origin: Medieval Latin tenitura, from Latin tenere; TENOR] the right to stay permanently in a teaching job 　It's becoming increasingly difficult to acquire academic tenure . formal the period of time when someone has an important job 　The company has doubled in value during his tenure. law the legal right to live in a house or use a piece of land for a period of time >tenured adj 　a tenured professor 　a tenured position حق تصدی، تصرف، نگهداری، اشغال، اجاره داری، تصدی. n. kullanım hakkı, tasarruf hakkı, kira süresi, görev süresi, kullanma n. tenure, droit acquis, prise; époque; titularisation e: ur tenure as police officer

Question 169

pry

Answer 169

v. look curiously, peep, peer; meddle, interfere; force open, wrest open with a crowbar or similar tool pry /praɪ/ v past tense and past participle pried present participle prying third person singular pries [Sense: 1,3; Date: 1300-1400; Origin: Origin unknown] [Sense: 2,4; Date: 1800-1900; Origin: prize 'to force up' (17-21 centuries), from prize 'lever' (14-20 centuries), from Old French prise 'act of seizing'] [I] to try to find out details about someone else's private life in an impolite way 　I don't want to pry , but I need to ask you one or two questions. pry into 　reporters prying into the affairs of celebrities [T always + adverb/preposition] especially AmE to force something open, or force it away from something else British Equivalent: prizepry sth open/away/off etc 　We finally managed to pry the door open with a screwdriver. away from prying eyes in private, where people cannot see what you are doing pry out of / [pry sth out of sb/sth] phr v to get money or information from someone with a lot of difficulty 　If you want to know his name, you have to pry it out of her. بادقت نگاه کردن ، کاوش کردن ، فضولانه نگاه کردن ، با دیلم یا اهرم بلند کردن ، اهرم، دیلم، کنجکاوی، فضولی، فضول. n. kaldıraç, manivela, kaldıraç ile kaldırma pry 2 [praɪ] v. merakla bakmak, dikizlemek, gözetlemek, burnunu sokmak, zorla elde etmek, koparmak, zorla söyletmek v. chercher; fureter, fouiller; fourrer son nez partout; chercher à voir e: prying eyes

Question 170

infest

Answer 170

v. overrun in large numbers, swarm in or about in a troublesome manner; invade, harass in·fest /ɪnˈfest/ v [T usually passive] [Date: 1500-1600; Language: French; Origin: infester, from Latin, from infestus 'angry and unfriendly'] if insects, rats etc infest a place, there are a lot of them and they usually cause damage be infested with sth 　The kitchen was infested with cockroaches. shark-infested/rat-infested etc 　shark-infested waters if things or people you do not want infest a place, there are too many of them 　an area infested with holiday homes >infestation /ˌɪnfeˈsteɪʃən/ n [U and C] هجوم کردن در، فراوان بودن در، ول نکردن . v. bürümek, kaplamak, istila etmek, doldurmak, zarar vermek v. infester; infester de vermine; fourmiller, grouiller e: house is infested

Question 171

cane

Answer 171

n. stick, rod; sugar cane; reed v. beat, hit with a stick [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Old French; Origin: Old Provençal cana, from Latin canna, from Greek kanna, from a Semitic language] [U] thin pieces of the stems of plants, used for making furniture and baskets 　a cane chair 　cane furniture [C] a long, thin stick made from the stem of a plant, used for supporting other plants in a garden [C] a long thin stick with a curved handle that you can use to help you walk [C] a stick that was used in the past by teachers to hit children with as a punishment 　Children knew that if they misbehaved they would get the cane (=be punished with a cane) . cane 2 cane2 v [T] to punish someone, especially a child, by hitting them with a stick نی، نیشکر، چوب دستی، عصا، باعصازدن ، باچوب زدن . n. bambu, kamış, sopa, değnek v. sopalamak, dövmek, hasırla kaplamak n. canne, jonc; (canne de) bambou, rotin; bâton, baguette; perche; canne à sucre; rotin; roseau v. battre, frapper à coups de canne; donner des coups de canne e: he is hardly using his cane sugar cane

Question 172

impound

Answer 172

v. shut up, enclose, confine; seize, confiscate; dam up water, confine water in a reservoir im·pound /ɪmˈpaund/ v [T] law [Date: 1400-1500; Origin: POUND12] if the police or law courts impound something you have or own, they keep it until it has been decided that you can have it back = confiscate 　He sued the police after they impounded his car. توقیف کردن ، ضبط کردن ، نگه داشتن . v. başıboş hayvanları kapamak, toplamak, kapatmak, el koymak, haczetmek v. enfermer, emprisonner, cloîtrer, mettre en fourrière; endiguer; confisquer, saisir; consigner; capter; verser de l'eau dans le réservoir e; government impounded his car

Question 173

brunt

Answer 173

n. unexpected effort; burden of something; main force of something bad (such as a blow); violence of any contention brunt /brʌnt/ n bear/take/suffer etc the brunt of sth to receive the worst part of an attack, criticism, bad situation etc 　an industry that bore the brunt of the recession 　The car took the full brunt of the explosion. ضربه ، لطمه ، بار، فشار. n. darbe, çarpma n. stress, tension, détresse; choc, poids e: rear wheel assembly took the brunt of the impact

Question 174

barge

Answer 174

n. flat-bottomed freight boat v. transport freight in a barge barge1 /bɑːdʒ US bɑːrdʒ/ n [Date: 1200-1300; Language: Old French; Origin: Late Latin barca; BARQUE] [C] a large low boat with a flat bottom, used for carrying goods on a canal or river barge 2 barge2 v [I always + adverb/preposition] to move somewhere in a rough careless way, often hitting against things = push 　She ran outside, barging past bushes and shrubs. barge your way through/to etc sth 　She barged her way through the shopping crowds. barge in phr v to enter somewhere rudely, or to rudely interrupt someone 　At that moment, George barged into my office without knocking. barge in on 　'Sorry to barge in on your cosy evening,' James said. دوبه ، کرجی، با قایق حمل کردن ، سرزده وارد شدن . n. mavna, duba, salapurya; yüzen ev; saltanat kayığı v. dalmak; çarpmak; toslamak n. chaland, péniche; gabare, barge; deuxième canot (navire de guerre) v. transporter une cargaison; se cogner contre; se heurter à e: they barged into my office

Question 175

geezer

Answer 175

``` n. old man; eccentric gee·zer /ˈgiːzə US -ər/ n [C] informal [Date: 1800-1900; Origin: Probably from Scottish English guiser 'person dressed in something that hides who they are', from English guise] BrE a man 　I know this geezer. AmE an old man آدم عجیب و منزوی. n. ilginç ihtiyar, moruk n. vieux schnok, type bizarre e: u drive like geezer ```

Question 176

heist

Answer 176

n. armed robbery (Slang) v. commit armed robbery (Slang) heist /haɪst/ n [C] [Date: 1800-1900; Origin: hoist] AmE informal an act of stealing something very valuable from a shop, bank etc = robbery 　a jewelry heist >heist v [T] بلند کردن ، دزدی کردن ، دزدی، سرقت، مسلحانه . n. soygun, hırsızlık v. soymak, soygun yapmak, çalmak, hırsızlık yapmak n. vol, cambriolage, pillage v. cambrioler, voler e: there are two kinds of heists

Question 177

stash

Answer 177

v. collect, gather, accumulate n. a secret store of valuables or money v. save up as for future use syn.: cache hive up hoard lay away squirrel away stash1 /stæʃ/ v [T always + adverb/preposition] informal to store something secretly or safely somewhere stash sth away 　He has money stashed away in the Bahamas. stash in/under 　You can stash your gear in here. stash 2 stash2 n [C] an amount of something that is kept in a secret place, especially money, weapons, or drugs = horde 　Mike went into the bedroom to check on his stash. stash of 　a stash of drugs انبار کردن ، ذخیره کردن ( درمحل مخفی برای آینده )، انباشتن ، محبوس کردن ، پنهانگاه . v. saklamak, iyi bir yere saklamak, güvenli bir yere gizlemek, son vermek v. cacher; planquer; collectionner, accumuler, rassembler; amasser, entasser e: he just stashed sth underneath that trashcan

Question 178

strangle

Answer 178

v. choke to death, throttle by compressing the windpipe and preventing the intake of air, asphyxiate; stifle, suppress stran·gle /ˈstræŋgəl/ v [T] [Date: 1200-1300; Language: Old French; Origin: estrangler, from Latin strangulare; STRANGULATION] to kill someone by pressing their throat with your hands, a rope etc →choke strangle with 　The victim had been strangled with a belt. to limit or prevent the growth or development of something 　Mills argues that high taxation strangles the economy. >strangler n [C] گلوی کسی را فشردن ، خفه کردن . v. boğmak, boğarak öldürmek, gelişimini engellemek, bastırmak, boğazlamak, tutmak v. étrangler e: sometimes u want to strangle them

Question 179

tepid

Answer 179

``` adj. warm, lukewarm tep·id /ˈtepɪd/ adj [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Latin; Origin: tepidus, from tepere 'to be warm'] a feeling, reaction etc that is tepid shows a lack of excitement or interest = lukewarm 　a tepid response from the audience tepid liquid is slightly warm, especially in a way that seems unpleasant = lukewarm 　tepid coffee نیمگرم، ولرم، سست. adj. ılık, hareketsiz adj. tiède, presque chaud ```

Question 180

squander

Answer 180

n. wasteful spending of money or other resources v. waste money or other resources, fritter away, misuse squan·der /ˈskwɔndə US ˈskwɑːndər/ v [T] to carelessly waste money, time, opportunities etc 　The home team squandered a number of chances in the first half. squander sth on sth 　They squandered the profits on expensive cars. برباد دادن ، تلف کردن ، ولخرجی، اسراف. n. boşa harcama, israf, müsriflik v. boşa harcamak, israf etmek, saçıp savurmak, çarçur etmek, har vurup harman savurmak, heba etmek n. gaspillage, prodigalité v. gaspiller, dilapider e: u wana squander that potential

Question 181

shove

Answer 181

n. push, jostle, thrust from behind v. push, thrust from behind shove1 S3 /ʃʌv/ v [Language: Old English; Origin: scufan 'to push away'] [I and T] to push someone or something in a rough or careless way, using your hands or shoulders 　He shoved her towards the car. 　Everyone was pushing and shoving to see the prince. [T always + adverb/preposition] to put something somewhere carelessly or without thinking much 　Tidying the room seems to mean shoving everything under the bed! 　He shoved his hands into his pockets. [T] spoken used to tell someone in a very impolite way that you do not want something 　They can take their three cents an hour raise and shove it . →when/if push comes to shove at push 2 (6) shove off phr v BrE spoken used to tell someone rudely or angrily to go away 　Shove off! I'm busy. to push a boat away from the land, usually with a pole shove up/over phr v BrE to move along on a seat to make space for someone else 　Shove up mate, there's no room to sit down here. shove 2 shove2 n [C] a strong push 　 Give the door a good shove. هل، پرتاب، تنه ، هل دادن ، تنه زدن ، با زور پیش بردن ، پرتاب کردن ، کشیدن ( شمشیر)، پرتاب شدن . n. itme, itiş, dürtme v. itmek, dürtmek, itip kakmak, tıkmak, tıkıştırmak, sokuşturmak, itilip kakılmak, itişip kakışmak, kıpırdamak n. poussée, lancement de poids v. pousser, bousculer; faire avancer; écarter e: I need to shove off

Question 182

shove

Answer 182

n. push, jostle, thrust from behind v. push, thrust from behind shove1 S3 /ʃʌv/ v [Language: Old English; Origin: scufan 'to push away'] [I and T] to push someone or something in a rough or careless way, using your hands or shoulders 　He shoved her towards the car. 　Everyone was pushing and shoving to see the prince. [T always + adverb/preposition] to put something somewhere carelessly or without thinking much 　Tidying the room seems to mean shoving everything under the bed! 　He shoved his hands into his pockets. [T] spoken used to tell someone in a very impolite way that you do not want something 　They can take their three cents an hour raise and shove it . →when/if push comes to shove at push 2 (6) shove off phr v BrE spoken used to tell someone rudely or angrily to go away 　Shove off! I'm busy. to push a boat away from the land, usually with a pole shove up/over phr v BrE to move along on a seat to make space for someone else 　Shove up mate, there's no room to sit down here. shove 2 shove2 n [C] a strong push 　 Give the door a good shove. هل، پرتاب، تنه ، هل دادن ، تنه زدن ، با زور پیش بردن ، پرتاب کردن ، کشیدن ( شمشیر)، پرتاب شدن . n. itme, itiş, dürtme v. itmek, dürtmek, itip kakmak, tıkmak, tıkıştırmak, sokuşturmak, itilip kakılmak, itişip kakışmak, kıpırdamak n. poussée, lancement de poids v. pousser, bousculer; faire avancer; écarter e: - I need to shove off

Question 183

tweak

Answer 183

n. act of pinching or pulling with a jerk; sharp pluck; action of administering fine adjustments (to a mechanism, etc.); teasing joke, teasing action v. pinch or pull with a jerk; pluck sharply; administer fine adjustments (to a mechanism, etc.); tease tweak /twiːk/ v [T] [Language: Old English; Origin: twiccian 'to pull out'] to suddenly pull or twist something 　She leant forward and tweaked both ends of his moustache. to make small changes to a machine, vehicle, or system in order to improve the way it works 　Maybe you should tweak a few sentences before you send in the report. >tweak n [C usually singular] نیشگون گرفتن وکشیدن ، پیچ دادن ، پیچیدن ، پیچاندن ( بینی )، نیشگون تیز. f., i. çimdikleyip çekmek; i. çimdik. n. coup sec; peaufinage, affinement, ajustement((mécanisme, procédé); coup, blague v. tordre; tirer; ajuster (mécanisme); taquiner e: what is the slowest thing in the world, a tweaker in a hurry

Question 184

rabid

Answer 184

adj. infected with rabies; extreme, fanatical rab·id /ˈræbɪd, ˈreɪ-/ adj [Date: 1600-1700; Language: Latin; Origin: rabidus, from rabere; RAGE1] having very extreme and unreasonable opinions 　a group of rabid right-wing fanatics a rabid animal is suffering from rabies بد اخلاق، متعصب، خشمگین ، هار، وابسته به هاری. adj. öfkeli, fanatik, bağnaz, kudurmuş, kuduruk, kuduz adj. enragé, extrémiste, jaloux e: one day dog showed up rabid

Question 185

euphemism

Answer 185

n. substitution of a milder or socially acceptable word or phrase for one that is harsher or more unpleasant eu·phe·mis·m /ˈjuːfɪmɪzəm/ n [C] [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Greek; Origin: euphemismos, from euphemos 'sounding good', from pheme 'speech'] a polite word or expression that you use instead of a more direct one to avoid shocking or upsetting someone 　'Pass away' is a euphemism for 'die'. حسن تعبیر، استعمال کلمه ئ نیکو و مطلوبی برای موضوع یا کلمه ئ نامطلوبی. n. edebikelâm, örtmece n. euphémisme e: these r euphemisms u r using here

Question 186

hideous

Answer 186

adj. gruesome, terrible; repulsive, disgusting, exceptionally ugly; appalling, shocking hid·e·ous /ˈhɪdiəs/ adj [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Old French; Origin: hidous, from hide 'terror'] extremely unpleasant or ugly 　a hideous dress 　hideous crimes 　Dinnertime that day was hideous. >hideously adv 　Her face was hideously scarred. >hideousness n [U] زشت، زننده ، شنیع، وقیح، سهمگین ، ترسناک ، مهیب، مخوف. adj. çirkin, iğrenç, korkunç adj. affreux, odieux, méprisable,horrible, terrible; dégoûtant, répugnant e: - i sold ur hideous clown

Question 187

simmer

Answer 187

n. process of being cooked at a temperature just below the boiling point; state of being cooked at a temperature just below the boiling point v. cook steadily at a temperature just below the boiling point; be steadily cooked at a near-boiling temperature; seethe, be in a state of suppressed anger or excitement sim·mer1 /ˈsɪmə US -ər/ v [Date: 1600-1700; Origin: simper 'to simmer' (15-19 centuries), perhaps from the sound] [I and T] to boil gently, or to cook something slowly by boiling it gently 　Bring the soup to the boil and allow it to simmer gently for about half an hour. [I] if you are simmering with anger, or if anger is simmering in you, you feel very angry but do not show your feelings simmer with 　He was left simmering with rage. [I] if an argument is simmering, people feel angry with each other but only show it slightly 　The row has been simmering for some time. 　Violent revolt was simmering in the country. simmer down phr v to become calm again after you have been very angry 　We decided she needed some time to simmer down. simmer 2 simmer2 n [singular] when something is boiling gently 　Bring the vegetables to a simmer. آهسته جوشیدن ، بجوش وخروش آمدن ، نیم جوش کردن ، بجوش آمدن ، جوش. n. kaynama, kaynatma, patlama, patlayacak hale gelme, galeyan v. içten içe kaynamak, yavaş yavaş kaynamak, patlamak üzere olmak, içten içe kaynatmak, galeyana getirmek n. cuire à feu doux , mijoter v. bouillonner; bouillir; au seuil du point d'ébullition; être furieux e: whoa, simmer down sparky!

Question 188

encumber

Answer 188

v. burden, weigh down, hamper, hinder, impede (also incumber) en·cum·ber /ɪnˈkʌmbə US -ər/ v [T usually passive] [Date: 1300-1400; Language: Old French; Origin: encombrer, from combre 'something that prevents movement'] formal to make it difficult for you to do something or for something to happen = burden 　He died in 1874, heavily encumbered by debt. encumber with 　The whole process was encumbered with bureaucracy. >encumbrance n [C] سنگین کردن ، اسباب زحمت شدن ، دست و پای( کسی را) گرفتن ، باز داشتن . v. yüklemek, sorumluluk yüklemek, engellemek, tıka basa doldurmak, engel olmak v. encombrer

Question 189

scorn

Answer 189

n. derision, ridicule, mockery; target of mockery, object of ridicule v. ridicule, mock, deride; reject with contempt; treat with derision, treat with contempt scorn1 /skɔːn US skɔːrn/ n [U] [Date: 1100-1200; Language: Old French; Origin: escarn] the feeling that someone or something is stupid or does not deserve respect = contempt scorn for 　He felt scorn for his working-class parents. with scorn 　Rachel looked at me with scorn. pour scorn on sb/sth also heap scorn on sb/sth AmE to strongly criticize someone or something because you think they do not deserve respect 　Labour poured scorn on the Tory claim to be the party of law and order. scorn 2 scorn2 v [T] to show that you think that something is stupid, unreasonable, or not worth accepting 　Many women scorn the use of make-up. to criticize someone or something because you think they do not deserve respect 　He scorned the government's record in dealing with crime. تمسخر، تحقیر، بی اعتنائی، حقارت، خوار شمردن ، اهانت کردن ، استهزائ کردن ، خردانگاری، خردانگاشتن . n. küçümseme, hor görme, küçümsenen şey v. hor görmek, küçümsemek, kuçük görmek, aşağılamak n. mépris, dédain, indignation; moquerie; but de raillerie, dérisoire v. mépriser, dédaigner; rejeter avec mépris; se référer avec indignation e: Her fellow teachers greeted her proposal with scorn