III: Geriatrics Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in III: Geriatrics Deck (36)
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1
Q

______ accumulates in response to peroxidation of unsaturated fatty acids or membrane lipids

A

Lipofuscin

2
Q

_______: somatic cells are programmed to die after a finite number of replications

A

Hayflick limit

3
Q

_____: loss of compensory reserve but otherwise doing ok

A

Homeostenosis

4
Q

_____: loss of lean body mass that is not considered normal physiology of aging

A

Sarcopenia

5
Q

Cells deficient in telomerase are restricted at the ____ stage of the cell cycle

A

G1-S boundary

6
Q

Describe CV changes associated with the dying process (4)

A

Hypotension, tachycardia progressing to bradycardia, mottling, cyanosis/cooling

7
Q

Describe the mini-cog assessment.

A

3 item recall and clock drawing

8
Q

In older patients, beta-adrenergic responses ______.

A

decrease

9
Q

In older patients, functional residual capacity ______.

A

increases

10
Q

In older patients, pulmonary compliance ______

A

decreases

11
Q

In older patients, systolic and pulse pressure _____.

A

increase

12
Q

In older patients, vital capacity ______.

A

decreases

13
Q

Inhibition of ____ mimics caloric restriction and may promote longevity

A

mTOR

14
Q

Name 4 physical exam signs relevant to pronoucing death.

A

Non-responsive, No pulse, No respirations, Absent cranial nerve reflexes

15
Q

Name the 6 ADLs.

A

Bathing, Grooming, Feeding, Transferring, Toileting, Dressing

16
Q

Palliative care or hospice care? Depends on prognosis

A

Hospice

17
Q

Palliative care or hospice care? Goal is to improve quality of life at the end of life

A

Hospice

18
Q

Palliative care or hospice care? Specialized medical care team for people with serious illness

A

Palliative care

19
Q

What is the effect of restricted caloric intake on longevity?

A

Promotes longevity

20
Q

What is the management for anorexia in the context of dying?

A

Educate family, oral care

21
Q

What is the most common symptom associated with acute MI in an older patient?

A

dyspnea

22
Q

What is the most important factor to a dying patient?

A

Designated decision maker

23
Q

What is the treatment for pain in the context of the dying process?

A

Opioids

24
Q

Which ADL is typically lost first?

A

Bathing

25
Q

Which enzyme is lost with differentiation of cells?

A

Telomerase

26
Q

Which genetic mutation? Enzyme that help synthesize Coenzyme Q; mutation slows down metabolism

A

Clk-1

27
Q

Which genetic mutation? HDAC that promotes gene silencing and stabilizes rRNA genes

A

Sir2

28
Q

Which genetic mutation? Inactivates PIP3, which slows down metabolism and promotes longevity

A

Age-1

29
Q

Which genetic mutation? Receptor mutation that slows down metabolism to promote longevity

A

IGF Receptor

30
Q

Which genetic mutation? Telomerase disease causing aplastic anemia

A

TERT

31
Q

Which genetic mutation? Telomerase disease causing bone marrow failure

A

TERC

32
Q

Which genetic mutation? Telomerase disease causing skin hyperpigmentation, oral leukoplakia, dystrophic nails, bone marrow failure, hepatic fibrosis, pulmonary fibrosis

A

dyskerin

33
Q

Which syndrome? Mutation in helicase, aging beginning in early 20s with early onset diabetes, osteoporosis, cancer, and heart disease

A

Werner Syndrome

34
Q

Which syndrome? Mutation in Lamin A leading to genomic instability, rapid aging with death ~age 13

A

Progeria

35
Q

Which theory? Aging and death are programmed in the same way that early development Is regulated by genes

A

Clock Theory

36
Q

Which theory? Aging results from accumulation of oxidative damage in tissues and cells over time

A

Rust Theory