IMMS - Histology Flashcards
(38 cards)
Describe the location and function of simple squamous epithelia
- Alveoli
- Lining of heart
- Blood and lymphatic vessels
- Allow materials to pass through by diffusion/filtration
- Secrete lubricating substances
Describe the location and function of simple cuboidal epithelia
- Salivary glands
- Duct of kidney
- Secretion and absorption
Describe the location and function of simple columnar epithelia
- Ciliated: bronchi, fallopian tubes, uterus
- Non-ciliated: digestive tract and bladder
- Absorption. Goblet cells also secrete mucus
Describe the location and function of pseudo-stratified columnar epithelia
- Trachea
- Secrete mucus with ciliated tissue moving it
Describe the location and function of stratified squamous epithelia
- Keratonising: skin
- Non-kertanising: mouth, vagina
- Protects against abrasion
What does alcian blue stain and what colour does it go?
- Polysaccharides
- GAGs
- Cartilage
- Stains blue/purple
What does eosin stain and what colour does it go?
- RBC
- Proteins in cytoplasm
- Stains a purple
What does haematoxylin stain and what colour does it go?
- Nuclei
- RNA
- Stains dark blue
What does PAS stain and what colour does it go?
- Polysaccharides
- Glycoproteins
- Glycolipids
- Stains beige/purple
What is the stain H&E made up of?
- Heamatoxylin and eosin
How many types of collagen are there?
12
What do collagen 1 - 5 form?
1 - Skin, bones, teeth 2 - Cartilage 3 - Liver, kidney, spleen 4 - Basement membranes 5 - Placenta
What is collagen secreted by?
Fibroblasts
What is unique about the collagen reticulin?
Can form branches
Name the 2 types of connective tissue
Loose and dense
What are elastic fibres made up of?
Fibrilin in an elastin matrix
What colour do elastic fibres stain with H&E and what enables them to be distinguished from collagen?
- Stain pink
- Elastin stains stronger and has a glassy appearance
What is elastin produced by?
Fibroblasts
Name the two types of adipose tissue and the differences
- White: Single fat droplet in large cell
- Brown: Multiple fat droplets
Name the 3 types of muscle
- Smooth
- Skeletal
- Caridac
Describe smooth muscle
Discrete cells, functioning as a whole.
Contractile proteins anchored in clumps to inside of cell membrane
Secrete a reticulin rich lamina (basement membrane)
Joined by gap junctions
What is the appearance of longitudinally cut and transversely cut smooth muscle?
- Longitudinal: Fusiform cells with central nuclei
- Transverse: Round cells with central round nuclei
What is the structure of gap junctions?
6 connexons proteins
What does skeletal muscle look like cut longitudinally and transversely?
- Longitudinal: long, unbranched fibres with nuclei at edge of membrane
- Transverse: Fasiculi with white spaces between each one. Again, nuclei at edge of membrane
