Immune System

Question 1

Immune system

Function :

Answer 1

Protect against pathogens, foreign substances, & cancer.

Question 2

Innate ( non-specific) immunity;

Answer 2

Skin , mucus, stomach acid, phagocytes.

Question 3

Adaptive ( specific ) immunity:

Answer 3

B & T cells (memory).

Question 4

Antigen :

Answer 4

Any foreign substance that triggers an immune response.

Question 5

Neutrophils :

Answer 5

First responders to infection.

Question 6

Macrophages:

Answer 6

Engulf pathogens & present antigens.

Question 7

T Cells ( Cell - Mediated Immunity) :

Answer 7

Helper T cells ( CD4 ) : Activate immune cells.

Cytotoxic T cells (CD8): Destroy infected cells.

Question 8

B Cells ( Humoral Immunity ) :

Answer 8

Produce antibodies.

Question 9

5 Antibodies ( Immunoglobulins):

Answer 9

1) IgG = Most abundant ( long-term immunity).

2) IgA = Found in secretions ( tears, saliva, breast milk ).

3) IgM = First response antibody.

4) IgE = Allergy response.

5) IgD = B cell activation.

Question 10

Active immunity;

Answer 10

From infection or vaccine.

Question 11

Passive immunity;

Answer 11

From mother ( placenta/breastmilk) or injection (antibodies)

Question 12

Histamine:

Answer 12

Causes inflammation & allergy symptoms.

Question 13

Autoimmune diseases :

Answer 13

Immune system attacks own body ( e.g., lupus, rheumatoid arthritis).