Immunity

Question 1

3 types of immunity

Answer 1

Natural
Artificial
Passive

Question 2

Disease causing organisms are called

Answer 2

Pathogen

Question 3

Substance capable of generating an immune response

Answer 3

Antigen

Question 4

Organism that harbors a virus, bacteria, or parasite

Answer 4

Host

Question 5

Antibody-protein produced by B cells of the host to bind…

Answer 5

antigen

Question 6

Cells of the immune system are called

Answer 6

WBCs or Leukocytes

Question 7

Phagocytes types (3)

Answer 7

macrophages
neutrophils
dendric cells

Question 8

Innate immune system cells

Answer 8

phagocytes, mast cells, eosinophils, basophils, natural killer cells

Question 9

Adaptive Immune System cells

Answer 9

lymphocytes and dendritic cells

Question 10

Lymphocytes are

Answer 10

T & B cells

Question 11

Mechanical Barriers (6)

Answer 11

Epidermis
Intrinsic epithelial 
Saliva
Coughing/sneezing
Urine (flushing)
Cilia

Question 12

Chemical barriers (4)

Answer 12

Sebum
Skin acidity
beta-defensins
gastric juice

Question 13

Commensal microflora as barrier

Answer 13

urinary and gastrointestinal tracts and skin - biological barriers compete with pathogenic bacteria for food and space

Question 14

1st line of defense

Answer 14

Innate immune system

Question 15

How is the innate immune system developed?

Answer 15

Present at birth

Question 16

Specificity?

Answer 16

None

Question 17

Enhanced by second exposure?

Answer 17

No

Question 18

Memory?

Answer 18

None

Question 19

Uses…

Answer 19

cellular and humoral components

Question 20

Activates…

Answer 20

Adaptive immune responses

Question 21

PAMP

Answer 21

Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns - structural elements common to broad classes of microbes and are very hard to change

Question 22

Innate immune system slows…

Answer 22

growth of infectious agents until adaptive immune response kicks in

Question 23

PAMPs bind to

Answer 23

pattern recognition receptors (PRRs)

Question 24

PRRs are on

Answer 24

immune cells of innate immune system - phagocytes

Question 25

Phagocytes recognize microorganisms by having selective specificity for microbial...

Answer 25

patterns

Question 26

Many receptors on ________ and _______ bind to microorganisms

Answer 26

neutrophils and macrophages

Question 27

cytokines change...

Answer 27

the morphology, adhesive properties and permeability of endothelial cells

Question 28

Cytokines and chemokines are responsible for

Answer 28

immune cell-cell communication

Question 29

natural killer cells are part of the ______ immune system

Answer 29

innate

Question 30

Neutrophils are also called

Answer 30

polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs)

Question 31

Why do we vaccinate? (3)

Answer 31

aid in prevention of disease reduce severity of disease minimize spread of disease