Immunity Against Herbivores

Question 1

What hormone does response to herbivory rely mostly on?

Answer 1

Jasmonic acid

Question 2

What are HAMPs?

Answer 2

Herbivore associated molecular patterns

Question 3

What types of defence against herbivorous insects are there?

Answer 3

• Metabolites (photoanticipins)
• Proteins: proteinase inhibitors, lectins

Question 4

What are examples of photoanticipins?

Answer 4

Glucosinolates
Benzoaxinoids

Question 5

What is a response from glucosinolates?

Answer 5

‘Mustard oil bomb’
Toxic mustard oil is released when the cell is broken.
Insects do not like the taste and it is toxic to them.

Question 6

What is a response from benzoaxinoids?

Answer 6

Benzoaxinoids are released when the cell is broken by herbivory

Question 7

What are benzoaxinoid deficient mutants?

Answer 7

Benzoaxinoids not produced, more susceptible to aphids.

Question 8

What do volatiles do and what are examples of volatiles?

Answer 8

Volatiles repel herbivory
Aromatic volatiles. Terpenoid volatiles

Question 9

What is E-beta-fernasene?

Answer 9

A volatile that repels aphids because it mimics the aphid alarm hormone.

Question 10

What does overexpression of E-beta-fernasene cause?

Answer 10

GM in wheat to resist aphids, but aphids can become resistant.