Immunity and inflammatory

Question 1

inflammation

Answer 1

Swelling as a protective mechanism of the immune system in response to injury, disease, or irritation.

Question 2

osteoarthritis

Answer 2

damage to the articular cartilage that protects joints

Question 3

common places OA effects

Answer 3

ankle, cervical, elbow, fingers, hip, knee, foot

Question 4

Bone spurs

Answer 4

Small pieces of bone that form at joints with arthritis.

Question 5

what are some symptoms of OA

Answer 5

decreased range of motion, pain, stiffness, swelling,

Question 6

what are some causes of OA

Answer 6

age, an injury, or repetitive trauma. There is also a multifactorial genetic link

Question 7

joint malalignment

Answer 7

When the bones of a joint are not properly lined up for adequate function.

Question 8

hemochromatosis

Answer 8

A condition of excessive iron in the blood.

Question 9

psychosocial impact of OA

Answer 9

1/3 of patient experience depression or anxiety

Question 10

why is physical activity important

Answer 10

keeps joints and muscles flexible and strong, keeps patients lean

Question 11

tests for OA

Answer 11

arthrocentesis, negatice gram stain and culture to R/O infection

Question 12

what should the client that just received arthroplasty do after surgery

Answer 12

move right away

Question 13

peritonitis

Answer 13

acute inflammation of the peritoneum, the tissue that lines the inner wall of the abdominal cavity and covers the abdominal organs.

Question 14

Ascites

Answer 14

Buildup of fluid in the abdomen that causes inflammation.

Question 15

parietal peritoneum

Answer 15

is attached to the walls of the abdomen and pelvis, and it serves to support the abdominal organs.

Question 16

visceral peritoneum

Answer 16

encases the organs and allows communication of the nervous, vascular, and lymphatic systems.

Question 17

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

Answer 17

has no identifiable source other than as a complication of liver or kidney failure that results in ascites.

Question 18

Secondary peritonitis

Answer 18

result of a ruptured organ from inflammation, trauma, surgery, or a medical procedure.

Question 19

Cirrhosis

Answer 19

liver can also cause an increase in fluid due to portal hypertension, which increases the permeability of blood vessels and alters normal fluid flow.

Question 20

Risk factors for the development of peritonitis

Answer 20

cirrhosis of the liver, ulcerative colitis, stomach ulcer, pelvic inflammatory disease, peritoneal dialysis, appendicitis, diverticulitis, pancreatitis, or a weakened immune system.

Question 22

what is a life threatening complication of peritonitis

Answer 22

septicemia which can lead to sepsis

Question 23

how does peritonitis present

Answer 23

tender, rigid, or painful abdominal area, N/V, constipation, painful abdomen

Question 24

tests to check for peritonitis

Answer 24

culture of peritoneal fluid, c-ray, U/S, CBC, BUN &creatinine,

Question 25

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA

Answer 25

chronic inflammation affecting a joint and surrounding tissue that results in pain, stiffness, swelling, and lack of function of the joint.

Question 26

how does RA differ from OA

Answer 26

RA is a chronic autoimmune disease instead of an inflammatory response diseas

Question 27

active immunity

Answer 27

A type of immunity that is the result of the body producing antibodies in response to an antigen.

Question 28

passive immunity

Answer 28

occurs when a person acquires antibodies from an outside source rather than the immune system producing them

Question 29

In RA what happens that causes healthy cells to be attacked

Answer 29

immune system becomes over active attacking itself

Question 30

Neutrophils

Answer 30

Make up about 50% of white blood cell population, respond first to bacterial or viral infection and alert other immune system cells to respond

Question 31

Eosinophils

Answer 31

Fight pathogens, create manifestations in response to allergens

Question 32

Lymphocytes

Answer 32

Come in two forms, B and T; produce antibodies and kill pathogens

Question 33

Basophils

Answer 33

Produce a response to allergens and other pathogens by releasing histamine and other biochemicals that can cause inflammation

Question 34

Monocytes

Answer 34

Clean up damaged or dead cells

Question 35

the synovium that lines the joint becomes inflamed, and the immune system mistakenly attacks the tissue surrounding the joint, causing damage.

Answer 35

RA

Question 36

Nodules that form in areas of the joints

Answer 36

Rheumatoid nodules

Question 37

which gender is more likely to get RA

Answer 37

females

Question 38

medication to treat RA

Answer 38

disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), suppress the immune system

Question 39

what condition can you get from chronic RA

Answer 39

glaucoma

Question 40

how does RA present

Answer 40

subtle, perhaps beginning with a fever, malaise, pain, weakness, or stiffness in the joints.