Immunity and vaccination Flashcards Preview

LS 11 - Life Sciences > Immunity and vaccination > Flashcards

Flashcards in Immunity and vaccination Deck (16)
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1
Q

First developed vaccine (person and year)

A
  • Edward Jenner
  • 1796
2
Q

First developed vaccine (disease targeted)

A

smallpox

3
Q

Disease related to smallpox used to create the first vaccine

A

Cowpox

4
Q

Examples of diseases commonly a problem prior to vaccination for them

A
  • smallpox
  • polio
  • chickenpox
  • measles
  • mumps
  • influenza
5
Q

Levels of bodies defence

A
  • barriers e.g. skin
  • defense reactions
  • inflammation; white blood cells engulf microbes
  • immunity - antibodies that target specific infections
6
Q

The ability for a single white blood cell to take up other cells, germs and particles by engulfing them

A

phagocytosis

7
Q

B-lymphocyte function

A
  • Makes antibodies
  • Antibodies destroy invading organisms and infected cells
8
Q

T-lymphocyte function

A
  • Destroys viruses
  • Destroys cancer cells
9
Q

Blood cell not involved in immunity

A
  • Red blood cell
  • These carry oxygen (and carbon dioxide)
10
Q

Immunity obtained without immunisation

A

Naturally acquired immunity

11
Q

Passive naturally aquired immunity

A

Naturally acquired immunity due to antibodies transferred from mother to foetus and through suckling

12
Q

Active naturally aquired immunity

A

Immunity acquired through direct contact with pathogens so the immune system produces necessary antibodies

13
Q

The type of immunity that only develops through deliberate actions such as immunisation

A

Artificially aquired immunity

14
Q

Passive artificially aquired immunity

A

The body is injected with antibodies which provide immidiate protection against a specific antigen.

15
Q

Active artificially acquired immunity

A

The body is vaccinated with dead or weakened forms of the pathogen to stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies.

16
Q
A