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IMMUNOLOGY AND SEROLOGY :) > IMMUNOGEN VS ANTIGENS > Flashcards

IMMUNOGEN VS ANTIGENS Flashcards

1
Q

Macromolecules that is capable triggering an
adaptive immune response by inducing
formation of antibodies or sensitized T cells
of an immunocompetent host

A

Immunogen

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2
Q

Can evoke an immune response

A

Immunogen

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3
Q

Substances that reacts with antibody or
sensitized T cells but may not evoke an
immune response

A

Antigen

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4
Q

Bind sensitized T cells or antibodies
* Not capable of sensitizing naive T cells

A

Antigen

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5
Q

Not capable of sensitizing naive T cells

A

Antigen

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6
Q

ability to induce a humoral and/or cell-mediated immune response

A

Immunogenicity

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7
Q

ability to combine specifically with the final products of the immune response

A

Antigenicity

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8
Q

Enumerate the Factors Influencing the Immune Response

A

Age
Overall health
Dose
Route of inoculation
Genetic Capacity

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9
Q

Route of inoculation:
defined as into a vein

A

Intravenous

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10
Q

Route of inoculation:
defined as into the skin

A

Intradermal

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11
Q

Route of inoculation:
beneath the skin

A

Subcutaneous

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12
Q

Example of intravenous route

A

Spleen

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13
Q

Example of subcutaneous route

A

Local lymph nodes

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14
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
All immunogens are considered as antigens but not all antigens are considered as immunogens

A

TRUE

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15
Q

TRUE OF FALSE:
All antigens are considered as antigens but not all immunogens are considered as immunogens

A

FALSE

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16
Q

A system of genes that code for cell
surface molecules that play an important
role in antigen recognition

A

MHC (Major Histocompatibility Complex)

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17
Q

It also has something to do with transplantation

A

MHC (Major Histocompatibility Complex)

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18
Q

Molecular weight of immunogens

A

10,000 Da

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19
Q

TRUE OR FALSE for Macromolecular size:
The greater the molecular
weight, the more potent the
molecule to induce an
immune response

A

TRUE

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20
Q

Enumerate the traits of immunogens

A
  1. Macromolecular size
  2. Foreignness
  3. Chemical composition and molecular
    complexity
  4. The ability to be processed and presented
    with MHC molecules
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21
Q

A trait of immunogen Lymphocyte capable of reacting with
self-antigen is normally eliminated

A

Foreignness

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22
Q

TRUE OR FALSE for foreignness:
The more taxonomically
distant the source of
immunogen is from the host,
the more successful it is as a
stimulus

A

TRUE

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23
Q

Defined as the best immunogens

A

Proteins and polysaccharides

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24
Q

Defined as the less immunogenic

A

Carbohydrates

25
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
Poor immunogen cannot be
degraded and presented with MHC
molecules

A

TRUE

26
Q

Antigenic determinants

A

Epitopes

27
Q

Epitopes are molecular shapes or
configurations that are recognized by?

A

B or T cells

28
Q

Example: amino acids
following one another on a
single chain

A

Sequential or Linear Epitopes

29
Q

Results from the folding of
one chain or multiple chains,
bringing certain amino acids
from different segments of a
linear sequence or
sequences into close
proximity with each other so
they can be recognized
together

A

Conformational Epitopes

30
Q

Recognition of Epitopes by T cells
are able to recognize an immunogen it
must first degraded into small
peptides by a/an?

A

Antigen-presenting
cell (APC)

31
Q

Small organic molecules that are antigenic
but not immunogenic

A

Hapten

32
Q

Capable of reaction with antibody however
precipitation or agglutination will not occur

A

Hapten

33
Q

Defined as the Coupling to a carrier

A

hapten-carrier
conjugate

34
Q

An example of hapten is

A

Poison Ivy

35
Q

He discovered that antibodies not
only recognize chemical features
such as polarity, hydrophobicity, and
ionic charge, but the overall threedimensional configuration is also
important

A

Karl Landsteiner

36
Q

Substance administered with an immunogen
that increases the immune response in order
to provide immunity to a particular disease

A

Adjuvants

37
Q

used to complex with the immunogen to
increase its size and to prevent a
rapid escape from the tissues.

A

aluminum salts

38
Q

Antigens that belong to the host

A

Autoantigens

39
Q

Do not evoke an immune response
under normal circumstances

A

Autoantigens

40
Q

from other members of the host’s
species

A

Alloantigens

41
Q

Capable of eliciting an immune
response

A

Alloantigens

42
Q

From other species such as other
animals, plants or microorganisms

A

Heteroantigens

43
Q

Heteroantigens that exist in unrelated
plants or animals

A

Heterophile antigens

44
Q

Either identical or closely related in
structure so that antibody to one will
cross-react with antigen of the other

A

Heterophile antigens

45
Q

Glycoproteins that recognize and bind to a
particular antigen with very high specificity

A

Antibody

46
Q

Made in response to exposure to the antigen

A

Antibody

47
Q

Antibodies:
Each antibody has at least two identical sites
that bind antigen
(epitope is for ____ + paratope is for ___)

A

Epitope - Ag
Paratope - Ab

48
Q

Antibodies Belong to a group of serum proteins called

A

immunoglobulins (Igs)

49
Q

What is the pH of Electrophoresis? and immunoglobulins appear primarily in what band?

A

pH 8.6
Gamma bands

50
Q

What theory states that a certain
cells had specific surface receptors
for antigen

A

Ehrlich’s Side-Chain Theory

51
Q

What theory states that an Occurred once antigen was introduced, it would select the cell
with proper receptor, combination
would take place and receptors would
break off and enter circulation as
antibody molecules

A

Ehrlich’s Side-Chain Theory

52
Q

What theory states that a New receptors would form in place of
those broken off and enter the
circulation as antibody molecules

A

Ehrlich’s Side-Chain Theory

53
Q

Template Theory was discovered by?

A

Felix Haurowitz

54
Q

What theory states that an Antibody producing cells are capable of synthesizing a generalized type of antibody, and when contact with an
antigen occurs, the antigen serves as
a mold or template and alters protein
synthesis so that antibody with a
specific fits is made

A

Template Theory

55
Q

What theory states that it is now a specific antibody enters the
circulation, while the antigen remains
behind to direct further synthesis

A

Template Theory

56
Q

Most accepted theories of antibody diversity

A

Clonal Selection

57
Q

Clonal Selection was discovered by

A

Niels Jerne and Macfarlane Burnet

58
Q

What theory states that The key premise is that individual
lymphocytes are genetically
programmed to produce one type of
immunoglobulin and that a specific
antigen finds or selects those
particular cells capable of responding
to it, causing to proliferate

A

Clonal Selection

IMMUNOLOGY AND SEROLOGY :) (8 decks)

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