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Immunology/ Parasitology > Immunology Exam 2 > Flashcards

Immunology Exam 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

A child disturbs a wasp nest is stung repeatedly, and goes into shock within minutes, manifesting respiratory failure and vascular collapse. This is most likely to be due to?

A

Systemic Anaphylaxis

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2
Q

Type II hypersensitivities are due to

A

Complement-induced lysis of cells in the presence of IgF or IgM antibodies.

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3
Q

Presentation of T-cell-dpendent antigens to B cells will be done with the help of which of the following T cells?

A

CD4

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4
Q

When the total antibody has its highest level during primary response?

A

Exponential Period

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5
Q

A primary immune response in an adult human requires approximately how much time to produce detectible antibody levels in the blood?

A

1 Week

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6
Q

Which of the following allergic response best describes hemolytic disease of the newborn caused by Rh incompatibility?

A

Type II

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7
Q

J chain is a glycopeptide chain associated with which of the following immunoglobulin?

A

IgA

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8
Q

IgD antibody has receptors on B-cell

A

True

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9
Q

Pollen is which type of allergen, and causes which type of hpersensitivity

A

Inhalant - Type I

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10
Q

B cells are responsible for which allergies?

A

Asthma and Anaphylaxis (A & B)

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11
Q

T-Cells have the ability to respond to antigens such as

A

Protein

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12
Q

Production of IgG is involved in–

A

Immune complex disease

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13
Q

Antibody in treatment with ______ enzyme produces two identical fragments of Fab and Fc fragments.

A

Papain

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14
Q

Fc fragment of antibody can bind to C1 component of complement

A

True

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15
Q

Which type of these allergies is B cell-mediated?

A

Type II & Type III

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16
Q

Cell-associated cytotoxicity occurs in which of the following hypersensitivity reactions?

A

Type 2

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17
Q

The T helper (Th) cells produce _________, that stimulates a general increase in the activity of committed B-Cells.

A

Interleukin-2

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18
Q

Which of the following antibody cannot function as opsonin because of the lack of Fc receptor on phagocytic cells?

A

IgM

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19
Q

A cytokine, interleukin-1 produced by _________, activates the T helper cells (mature & proliferate).

A

Macrophage

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20
Q

C3 is not a stable molecule & is constantly undergoing spontaneous low level activation. Spontaneous activation of C3 is most likely to happen on cell surface components.

A

True

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21
Q

This antibody has harmful effect and has a low percent in blood circulation.

A

IgE

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22
Q

C1 component of complement has a receptor for which of the following fragments of the immunoglobin?

A

F-C

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23
Q

Which of the following components of the complement primarily undergoes activation in the alternative complement pathway?

A

C2/C4

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24
Q

Mechanism/s for cell damage in type II hypersensitivity will be caused by

A

Claccical complement cascade
Natural killer cells
Opsonization
ALL OF THE ABOVE

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25
Incompatible blood transfusion could induce a hemolytic reaction that results in intravascular lysis of the RBC's, and release of _______ from lysed cells.
Hemoglobin
26
Antibodies bind to antigens and cause _____
Opsonization Agglutination Neutralization ALL OF THE ABOVE
27
_________ regions in both chains of antibody are responsible for fixing complement.
Variable
28
Which of the following Immunoglobin is able to activate the complement system by classic pathway?
IgG
29
T4 (helper) cells are able to recognize foreign antigens in combination with which of the following classes of the Majoe Histocompatibility Complex?
Class II molecules
30
A fetus can produce immunoglobin of which of the following classes?
IgM
31
This component of complement that is produced during complement activation, is the most important opsonin for activation of phagocytic cells
C3
32
Which of the following components of complement is called anaphylatoxin?
C5a and C3a (A and C)
33
In secondary antibody responses the antibodies of which of the following classes of immunoglobulin is produced most?
IgG
34
Which of the following is antigen presenting cell?
Dendritic Cells
35
Deficiency or low level ________ can cause recurrent bacterial infection (pyogenc bacteria).
C1, C2, C3, C4 (All of the above)
36
Combination of which of the following components of complement is called membrane attack complex?
C5b, C6b, C7b, C8b, C9b
37
Ingeneration of atopic hypersensitivity, fixation of IgE to _______ occurs via the Fc fragment
Mast, Basophiles (A and B)
38
The human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is composed of a cluster of genes located ______
Chromosome 6
39
The human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) also know as ______
Human Leukocyte antigen (HLA)
40
Theoretically, type _____ blood can not be donated to all persons because it contains ____
AB Antigens
41
Cell associated cytotoxcity occurs in which of the following hypersensitivity reactions?
Type 2
42
Mechanism/s for cell damage in type II hypersensitivity
Classical complement cascade Activation of Natural Killer Cells Opsonization ALL OF THE ABOVE
43
Incompatible blood transfusion could induce a hemolytic reaction that results in intravascular lysis of the RBC's and release of _____ from lysed cells
Hemoglobulin
44
Antibodies bind to antigens and cause
Opsonization Agglutination Neutralization ALL OF THE ABOVE
45
_______ regions in both chains of antibody are responsible for fixing compliment.
Variable (V)
46
Which of the following Immunoglobulin is not able to activate the complement system by classic pathway?
IgD
47
C1 component of complement has a receptor for which of the following fragments of the immunoglobulin?
F-c
48
Which of the following components of the complement primarily undergoes activation in the lectin complement pathway?
C3
49
T4 (helper) cells are able to recognize foreign antigens in combination with which of the following classes of the Major Histocompatibility Complex?
Class II molecules
50
A fetus can produce immunoglobulins of which of the following classes?
IgM
51
This component of complement that is produced during complement activation, is the most important opsonin for activation of phagocytic cells
C3
52
Which of the following components of complement is called anaphylatoxin?
C5a & C3a ( A and C)
53
In secondary antibody responses the antibodies of which of the following classes of immunoglobuin is produced most?
IgG
54
Which of the following is antigen presenting cell?
Denritic cells
55
Deficiency or low levels of ____ can cause recutrrent bacterial infection (pyogenic bacteria.
C1, C2, C3, C4 | ALL OF THE ABOVE
56
Combinatino of which of the following components of complement is called membrane attack complex?
C5b, C6b, C7b, C8b, C9b
57
In gene3ration of atopic hypersensitivity, fixation of IgE to _______ occurs via the Fc fragment
Mast cells Basophils (A and B)
58
The human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is composed of a cluster of genes located _____
Chromosome 6
59
The human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) also known as _____
Human Leukocyte antigen (HLA)
60
Theoretically, type ______ blood can be donated to all persons because it lack _____
O, antigens
61
An example of a type I hypersensitivity is _____ .
Atopy
62
Type II hypersensitivities are due to
Activation of cytotoxic T cells
63
Properties of haptons include
Reactivity but no immunogenicity
64
An antigen that occurs in various tissues of same species is referred to as:
Alloantigen
65
Antigenic site that bind to antibody are called _________
Epitopes
66
Small moecules that have antigenic determinant group ard are not immunogenic are, ______
Penicillin Catechol (A and B)
67
Some bacterial toxins are Super-Antigens. Presence of super-antigens in an infection blocks activation of T-cells.
FALSE
68
B-cells have the ability to respond to antigens such as _____
Protein Polysaccharide Carbohydrate ALL OF THE ABOVE
69
This antibody has lowest percent in blood circulation and has harmful effect.
IgE
70
The T helper (Th) cells produce______, that stimulates a general increase in the activity of committed B-Cells.
Interleukin-2
71
Because of the lack of Fc receptor on phagocytic cells, this antibody cannot function as opsonin.
IgM
72
A cytokin, interleukin-1 produced by ________, activates the T helper cells (mature & proliferate)
Macrophage
73
C3 is not a stable molecule and is constantly undergoing spontaneous low level activation. Spontaneous activation of C3 is most likely to happen on cell surface components.
TRUE
74
Examples of physiologic barrier to infection.
Oil & Skin
75
Nonspecific host defense is associated with ________
Saliva
76
These leukocytes have no identifiable membrane markers, can fight against cancer and belong to innate immunity.
Natural Killer Cels
77
This antibody has lowest percent in blood circulation and has harmful effect.
IgE
78
Interferon (IFN) can interfere with viral infection. Interferon is a protein made by viral infected cells that bind to adjacent cells, and make them to be resistant to viral infection.
FALSE
79
IFN (y) can be produced by which one of the following cells?
Macrophages
80
Some microbes may produce peptide antigens that are similar to, and cross-react with, self antigen. Immune response attacks against these self antigens and produce antibodies that can cross react with tissues. These finding are based on ____.
Theory of Sequestered Antigens
81
Lymphokines play a mediator role in the manifestation of which of the following hypersensitivities?
A delayed type allergy Acute contact dermatitis (A & B)
82
Prevalence of MS is ______ in tropical, and ______ in North Europe, and Central USA.
Low, High
83
Immunosupprasive strategies for prolongation of allograft
Antigen specific Immunosuppresion
84
Generalized immunosuppresion is effective, but it predisposes patients to __________
Cancer
85
T cells are important in controlling
Virus Infection Allergy Autoimmunity ALL OF THE ABOVE
86
J chain is a glycopeptide chain associated with which of the following immunoglobulin?
IgA
87
Which of the following autoimmune disease is very rare and associated with Blood vessel inflammation affecting the nose, lung, and glomuerals?
Wegner' granolumatosis
88
This tolerance is unresponsive to self-antigens (all the endogenous antigens ____________
Natural Tolerance

Immunology/ Parasitology (3 decks)

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