Immunology - innate and adaptive

Question 1

What does the innate immune system do? and what 3 characteristics does it have?

Answer 1

First line of defence against infection.

Rapid, no memory, initiates acute inflammatory response.

Question 2

Immune response broken down in 4 simpler terms…

Answer 2

1. Pathogen recognition by innate immune system, complement activation + phagocytosis of antigens
2. Triggers acute inflammatory response
3. Antigen presentation - activation of T helper cells
4. CD4 + helper T cells then co-ordinate specific immune response

Question 3

Why are phagocytes important in innate immune system? what are the 2 main phagocytes?

Answer 3

Major mechanism removing microbes from body (patrol the blood + tissues searching for microbes)
Macrophages (derived in monocytes)
Neutrophils (derived in bone marrow)

Question 4

What is the role of the complement system?
What is it made up of?
What does it enhance to clear…..
What does it promote and provide?

Answer 4

Part of immune system made up of proteins that enhances ability of antibodies + phagocytic cells to clear microbes, promote inflammation and attack. Provides bacterial immunity.

Question 5

3 separate pathways that activate the complement system.

What do all 3 pathways act to generate the enzyme….

Answer 5

classical pathway
mannose-binding lectin pathway
alternative pathway
c3 convertase

Question 6

What role do lymphocytes provide in the adaptive immune system

Answer 6

Provide specify and memory

Question 7

What are the two types of lymphocytes in the adaptive immunity

Answer 7

T cells (T lymphocytes)
B cells (B lymphocytes)

Question 8

T cells mature in the …..

B cells mature in the …..

Answer 8

Thymus

Bone marrow

Question 9

Before maturation of T and B cells there are the primary lymphoid organs. After maturation T and B cells migrate to the …… ……… ……. where they are activated during an ……. ………

Answer 9

secondary lymphoid organs

immune respone