Important People Flashcards
(22 cards)
Observed that animals can be grouped based on their ability or inability to mate with one another.
John Ray (1627-1705)
Distinguished groups through comparative anatomy.
John Ray (1627-1705)
Using the Old Testament, determined the exact time of Creation as Oct. 23, 4004 B.C.
Archbishop James Ussher (1581-1656)
Wrote Natural Theology (1802)
William Paley (1743-1805)
Found perfections in nature as evidence of design ( e.g. the vertebrate eye, bird beaks)
William Paley (1743-1805)
Called by H.F Osborn “the first evolutionist”
Anaximander 610-546 B.C
Claimed life arose in water, simpler life forms arose from complex ones, and that humans arose from fish who forsook the sea.
Anaximander 610-546 B.C.
Wrote the “Systema Naturae”, a classification of plants and animals.
Carl Linnaeus (1707-1778)
Standardized the use of “genus” and “species”
Carl Linnaeus (1707-1778)
“Father of taxonomy”
Carl Linnaeus (1707-1778)
Used the inheritance of acquired characteristics to explain evolution. (e.g. the giraffes neck)
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (1744-1823)
Paleontologist who introduced the concept of extinction to explain why fossil organisms were no longer around.
Georges Cuvier (1769-1832)
Supported catastrophism, not evolution
Georges Cuvier (1769-1832)
“Father of Modern Geology” Proposed that slow acting forces (wind, rain, etc. drive geological change) and that these forces, or the laws governing them are uniform through time (uniformitarianism).
Charles Lyell (1797-1875)
Believed “deep time” provided the necessary time required for evolutionary change
Charles Lyell (1797-1875)
Wrote an Essay on the Principle of Population, warned that human population increase would exhaust food supply. (this concept of limited resources would be limited to the natural world by Wallace and Darwin)
Thomas Malthus (1776-1834)
Collected animals in the Amazon and SE Asia. Described evolutions as a process driven by competition and natural selection.
Alfred Russell Wallace (1823-1913)
In a malarial delirium in Indonesia, realized death would fall unequally on a variable species. Less favored varieties would become extinct. Upon recovery, he wrote up his ideas and sent them to Darwin.
Alfred Russell Wallace (1823-1913)
Received ideas about natural selection from Wallace having also developed similar ideas independently. Papers from both men were presented jointly in 1858.
Charles Darwin (1809-1882)
Considered by some to be the father of “biogeography”
Alfred Russell Wallace (1823-1913)
Wrote Origin of the Species in 1859
Charles Darwin (1809-1882)
“Darwins Bulldog”- Defended the theory of natural selection and published “Evidences of man’s place in nature” in 1863
Thomas Henry Huxley (1825-1895)
