In Module Muscle

Question 1

everything that our mind conceives were being translated into actions through skeletal muscle contractions.

Answer 1

Movement

Question 2

with proper tone, muscles helps us to maintain posture through a steady or constant state of partial contraction.

Answer 2

Maintenance of posture

Question 3

the main muscle for bathing is the diaphragm. With its contraction, it allows air to enter the lungs. Moreover, other muscles of the thorax carry out the movements necessary for respiration.

Answer 3

Respiration

Question 4

When skeletal muscles contract, heat is given off as a by-product. This released heat is critical to the maintenance of body temperature.

Answer 4

Production of heat

Question 5

Skeletal muscles are involved in all aspects of communication, including speaking, writing, typing, gesturing, and facial expressions.

Answer 5

Communication

Question 6

The contraction of smooth muscle within the walls of internal organs and vessels causes those structures to constrict. can help propel and mix food and water in the digestive tract, propel secretions from organs and regulate blood flow through vessels.

Answer 6

Constriction of organs and vessels

Question 7

The contraction of cardiac muscle causes the heart to beat propelling blood to all parts of the body.

Answer 7

Contraction of the heart

Question 8

Muscular tissue is composed of elongated muscle cells

Answer 8

Muscle fibers

Question 9

to generate force, which produces motion, maintains posture, and generates heat.

Answer 9

Muscular tissue

Question 10

striated (banded); cells are large, long, and cylindrical, with many nuclei, Movement of the body voluntary control

Answer 10

Skeletal muscle

Question 11

muscle cells are tapered at each end, are not striated, and have
a single nucleus
Function
Regulates the size of organs, forces
ture thirouen tubes, conros thie
amount of light entering the eye and produces “goose bumps” in the skin; under involuntary
unconscious control

Answer 11

Smooth

Question 12

It is a cylindrical ond striated and have a single nucleus; they
rumos the olood; under
involuntary (unconscious) control
In the neor
another by therebluree disks, willet
contain gap junctions

Answer 12

Cardiac muscle

Question 13

specialized GAP JUNCTIONS helps in coordinating contractions.
Cardiac muscle has striations and contracts involuntarily.
structure.

Answer 13

Intercalated dics

Question 14

It is a longest type of muscle, make up to 40% of body weight. It is named because of its attachment to bones.

Answer 14

Skeletal muscle

Question 15

What are the Skeletal muscle four major functional characteristics

Answer 15

contractility,
excitability,
extensibility,
elasticity.

Question 16

shorten with force

Answer 16

Contractility

Question 17

respond to stimulus

Answer 17

Excitability

Question 18

stretched to its normal resting length and beyond to a limited degree.

Answer 18

Extensibility

Question 19

to recoil to original resting length after stretched

Answer 19

Elasticity

Question 20

surrounds the entire skeletal muscle

Answer 20

Epimysium

Question 21

around each muscle fasciculus (bundle o muscle fibers)

Sheath of connective tissue encasing fascicles

Answer 21

Perimysium

Question 22

tissue that surrounds each muscle fiber

Answer 22

Endomysium

Question 23

Muscle Fiber Structure:

thread-like proteins

Answer 23

Myofibril

Question 24

proteins that make up myofibrils (ex. actin and myosin)

Answer 24

Myofilament

Question 25

cytoplasm of muscle fiber (cell)

Answer 25

Sacroplasm

Question 26

cell membrane and contains T-tubules

Answer 26

Sarcolemma

Question 27

wrap around sarcomeres

Answer 27

T tubules (transverse)

Question 28

type of SER. It surrounds myosin and also stores and releases Ca2+

Answer 28

Sarcoplasmic reticulumn

Question 29

Actin and Myosin Myofilaments thin myofilament and resemble 2 strands of pearls

Answer 29

Actin

Question 30

thick myofilament and resemble golf clubs

Answer 30

Myosin

Question 31

attachment site on actin for Ca2+

Answer 31

Troponin

Question 32

filament on grooves of actin and serves as an attachment site on actin for myosin

Answer 32

Tropomyosin

Question 33

contractile unit. It contains actin and myosin The unit of contraction of the myofibrils of a muscle

Answer 33

Sacromere

Question 34

protein fibers that form attachment site for actin

Answer 34

Z disk

Question 35

center of sarcomere. It contains only myosin

Answer 35

H. Zone

Question 36

contains only actin

Answer 36

I band

Question 37

- where actin and myosin

Answer 37

A band

Question 38

- where myosin is anchored

Answer 38

M line

Question 39

center of abdomen; compresses abdomen

Answer 39

Rectus abdo

Question 40

Lower Limb Muscle flexes hip

Answer 40

Illiopsoas

Question 41

buttocks; extends hip and abducts thigh

Answer 41

Gluteus maximus

Question 42

hip; abducts and rotates thigh

Answer 42

Gluteus medius:

Question 43

Muscles in upper legs called?

Answer 43

Quadriceps femoris

Question 44

front of thigh; extends knee and flexes hip

Answer 44

Rectus femoris

Question 45

It extends knee

Answer 45

Vastus lateralis and vastus medialis and vastus intermedius

Question 46

hamstring, back of thigh; flexes knee, rotates leg, extends hip

Answer 46

Biceps femoris, semimembranosus, semitendinosus

Question 47

Muscles of Lower Leg

Answer 47

Tibialis anterior Gastrocnemius Soleus

Question 48

front of lower leg; inverts foot

Answer 48

Tibialis anterior

Question 49

calf; flexes foot and leg

Answer 49

Gastrocnemius

Question 50

attaches to ankle; flexes foot

Answer 50

Soleus

Question 51

What are the muscles in the upper leg

Answer 51

Quadriceps femoris 4 thigh muscles Gracilis Biceps femoris, semi-mem-branosus, semi-ten-dinosus

Question 52

What are the muscles in thigh and hip

Answer 52

Iliopsoas Gluteus maximus Gluteus medius

Question 53

nerve cells that CARRY action potentials to muscle fibers

Answer 53

Motor neuron -

Question 54

nerve cell and muscle fiber meet Connection between a motor neuron and a muscle fiber

Answer 54

Neuromuscular junction (synapse)

Question 55

end of nerve cell (axon)

Answer 55

Presynaptic terminal

Question 56

muscle fiber membrane

Answer 56

Postsynaptic membrane

Question 57

space between presynaptic terminal and postsynaptic membrane Narrow space between the end of a motor nerve and the muscle fiber

Answer 57

Synaptic cleft

Question 58

store and release neurotransmitters

Answer 58

Synaptic vesicle

Question 59

chemicals that stimulate or inhibit muscle fiber (e.g. Ach)

Answer 59

Neurotransmitter

Question 60

group of muscle fibers that motor neuron stimulates

Answer 60

Motor unit

Question 61

It occurs as actin and myosin myofilaments slide past one another, causing the sarcomeres to shorten.

Answer 61

Contraction

Question 62

The sliding of actin myofilaments past myosin myofilaments during contraction is called

Answer 62

sliding filament model

Question 63

TERMS: WEAKEST stimulus needed to produce a response

Answer 63

Thersehold

Question 64

muscle contracts or doesn't (no in between)

Answer 64

All or none law

Question 65

rapid contraction and relaxation of a muscle

Answer 65

Twitch

Question 66

muscle remains contracted

Answer 66

Tetanus

Question 67

- amount of tension increases (weight)

Answer 67

Isometric

Question 68

amount of repetitions increases

Answer 68

Isotonic

Question 69

constant tension over a long period of time

Answer 69

Tone

Question 70

What are the structure of muscles

Answer 70

Whole muscle Muscle Fasciculi Muscle fiber Myofibril Myofilament Actin Myosin

Question 71

released from the end of a motor neuron

Answer 71

Acetycholine

Question 72

breaks down fatty acids

Answer 72

Aerobic respiration

Question 73

breaks down glucose

Answer 73

Anaerobic respiration

Question 74

action of a prime mover

Answer 74

Antagonist

Question 75

Flat, broad tendon that attaches a muscle to another muscle

Answer 75

Aponeurosis

Question 76

Adenosine triphosphate; used for energy in cells to function

Answer 76

ATP

Question 77

Decrease in the size

Answer 77

Atrophy

Question 78

thick midsection

Answer 78

Belly

Question 79

impulses arrive so FAST the muscle cannot relax

Answer 79

Complete tetanus

Question 80

used for SHORT BURST of high-energy activity

Answer 80

Creatine phosphate

Question 81

- Connective tissue surrounding the muscle

Answer 81

Fascia

Question 82

Bundles of muscle fibers

Answer 82

Fascicles

Question 83

Enlargement of a muscle

Answer 83

Hypertrophy

Question 84

rapid muscle contraction with ONLY partial relaxation

Answer 84

Incomplete tetanus

Question 85

END. attaches to the more mobile bone

Answer 85

Insertion

Question 86

muscle changes length to move a load

Answer 86

Isotonic contraction

Question 87

neuron and all the muscle fibers it stimulates

Answer 87

Motor unit

Question 88

Strong,FIBROUS CORD through which a muscle attaches to a bone

Answer 88

Tendon

Question 89

which each successive twitch contracts more FORCEFULLY than the previous one

Answer 89

Treppe

Question 90

The main muscle triggering a movement

Answer 90

Prime mover

Question 91

Scientific study of muscle

Answer 91

Myology

Question 92

Increase

Answer 92

Vasolodilation

Question 93

Decrease

Answer 93

Vasoconstriction

Question 94

It is muscle strain

Answer 94

Overuse

Question 95

It is tendon and ligament damage

Answer 95

Ankle sprain

Question 96

It is a white layer that covered in muscles

Answer 96

Fascia

Question 97

It is the cell that we will see in the muscle

Answer 97

Myofibril

Question 98

It is the mide

Answer 98

A band

Question 99

Lighter

Answer 99

I band

Question 100

It is the center of each A band

Answer 100

H zone

Question 101

It is the center of H zone

Answer 101

M line

Question 102

It is the center of H zone

Answer 102

M line

Question 103

Mxinus

Answer 103

Largest

Question 104

Minus

Answer 104

Smallest

Question 105

Longus

Answer 105

Long

Question 106

Brevis

Answer 106

Short

Question 107

Let issimus

Answer 107

Midest

Question 108

Mangnus

Answer 108

Large

Question 109

Major

Answer 109

Large

Question 110

Minor

Answer 110

Small

Question 111

Vastus

Answer 111

Hige

Question 112

Muscles acc to their direction Rectus

Answer 112

Parallel

Question 113

Transversus

Answer 113

Perpendicular

Question 114

Oblique

Answer 114

Some angle

Question 115

Name skeletal muscles by

Answer 115

Location Shape Size Direction of fibers Number of origins Location attachment Type of motion

Question 116

What shape of orbicularis oris

Answer 116

Circluar (mouth) Fascicles are in concentric rings

Question 117

Fascicles spread out but convergent toward tendon insertion

Answer 117

Convergent ( pectoralis)

Question 118

Fascicles taper down to tendon at two ends

Answer 118

Fusiform (biceps brachii)

Question 119

Fascicles run in a straight line parallel to the axis of the musclr

Answer 119

Non fusiform (sartorius)

Question 120

In is muscles sits on one side of tendon

Answer 120

Unipenate

Question 121

It is muscles on both sides

Answer 121

Bipennate

Question 122

It is muscles looks like several feathers inserted

Answer 122

Multipennate

Question 123

Skeletal muscle can only contract___

Answer 123

30 percent

Question 124

It is shorten more but produce less power

Answer 124

Fibers parallel

Question 125

It is shorten but produce more power

Answer 125

Oblique