Index Cards PID

Question 1

Filament Circuit

Answer 1

Steps down electricity from house line at the 110 volts to 3-5 volts.

Heats tungsten filament

Question 2

Thermionic emission effect

Answer 2

Boiling off of electrons at filament to produce the electron cloud

Question 3

Focal spot aka tungsten target

Answer 3

Found at the ANODE. High speed electrons strike the target to produce 99% heat and 1% of x-radiation

Electron cloud strikes at focal spot

Question 4

Bremsstrahlung

Answer 4

“Breaking radiation” is the major source of x-ray and creates polychromatic beam

Question 5

Molybdenum focusing cup

Answer 5

Found on tungsten filament and focuses the freed electrons to the focal spot

Directs electrons across tube

Question 6

Cathode ray

Answer 6

Stream of electrons crossing the tube from cathode to anode

Question 7

Kilovoltage

Answer 7

Speed at which determines how fast the electrons move across the tube

Kvp propels the electrons
Kvp set to 65-90/100

Question 8

Electron cloud

Answer 8

Electrons stay at tungsten filament in the electron cloud

Will remain there until exposure button is pressed

Question 9

Filament circuit

Answer 9

It uses the step down transformer and takes the house line of 110 volts down to 3-5 volts

Purpose - to heat tungsten filament

Question 10

High voltage circuit

Answer 10

Step up transformer takes house line of 110 volts and steps it up to 65,000-100,000volt (kvp set at 65-90 or 100)

Question 11

Polychromatic

Answer 11

Variety at wavelength. X-ray beam has long and short wavelengths, long/weak wavelengths are removed by aluminum filter

Question 12

Central beam

Answer 12

Central ray - X-ray that is located in center of XR beam as it leaves the tube head

Located the position of the X-ray beam

Question 13

Primary radiation

Answer 13

X-rays produced at target, exits the PID and strikes the patient

Question 14

Anode

Answer 14

Is the (+) charge part of the x-ray machine. Made of tungsten metal

Question 15

Cathode

Answer 15

Is the (-) charge part of the X-ray machine 
Made of tungsten metal

Question 16

Tungsten filament

Answer 16

“Source of electrons” on cathode. Electrically heats tungsten filament and produces electrons

Electrons create an electron cloud

Question 17

Electricity

Answer 17

Step up/step down transformer responsible for creating 99% heat and 1% radiation (110 volts stepped down to 3-5 volts)

Question 18

Electric current

Answer 18

Flow of electricity through a circuit

Question 19

AC

Answer 19

Alternate current flows in one direction then flows in opposite direction
(Back and forth)
Always there

Question 20

DC

Answer 20

Direct current: flows in one direction only (digital radiography)

Question 21

Voltage

Answer 21

The electrical force that drives an electric current through a circuit

Question 22

Kilovoltage peak

Answer 22

Known as kvp is penetrating power “speed at electron beam” 65-90/100

High kvp. High penetrating power
Low kvp low penetrating power

Kvp controls QUALITY of X-rays

Question 23

Ampere

Answer 23

Amount of electric current flowing through a circuit

Question 24

Milliamperage

Answer 24

Controls DENSITY by controlling temperature of tungsten filament (can be set at 7/10/15 mA)

High mA - high density
Low mA - low density
mA controls QUANTITY of x-rays

Question 25

Electrons

Answer 25

The source of electrons is the tungsten filament in the cathode Hotter the filament greater number of electrons

Question 26

What controls the temperature or tungsten filament?

Answer 26

mA

Question 27

In order for X-rays to exist 3 things are necessary

Answer 27

Electricity - heating of the cathode at tungsten filament Electrons Target - sudden stopping of electrons at anode