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Pharmacology Exam 3 > Indications > Flashcards

Indications Flashcards

(111 cards)

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1
Q

Chloropheniramine

A

OTC cold meds, allergic sinusitis, pruitis, hives

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2
Q

Diphenhydramine

A

allergic sinusitis, pruitis, hives, OTC sleep aid and anit-motion sickness

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3
Q

Dimenhydrinate

A

allergic sinusitis, pruitis, hives, anit-motion sickness

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4
Q

Loratadine

A

Allergic rhinitis, pruitis, conjunctivitis, atopic and contact dermatitis, urticaria

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5
Q

Cetirizine

A

Allergic rhinitis, pruitis, conjunctivitis, atopic and contact dermatitis, urticaria

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6
Q

Fexofenadine

A

Allergic rhinitis, pruitis, conjunctivitis, atopic and contact dermatitis, urticaria

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7
Q

Cromolyn Sodium

A

allergy pphx

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8
Q

Hydrocortisone

A

Anti-inflammatory and immunosupressive

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9
Q

Dexamethasone

A

Used to dx causes of hypercorticism because will suppress ACTH but if tumor present will not supress

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10
Q

Fludrocortisone

A

replacement therapy for GC and MC (aldosterone)

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11
Q

Prednisone

A

Anti-inflammatory and immunosupressive

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12
Q

What drugs are used to help develop fetal lung maturity in premature babies?

A

Hydrocortisone or dexamethasone

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13
Q

Methylprednisone

A 
Exacerbation ST tx
Status asthmaticus (IV)
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14
Q

Fluticasone

A

Prevent asthma attacks
Rapid anti-inflammatory effect
Used in COPD if FEV1<50% with exacerbations

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15
Q

Albuterol (SABA)

A

acute bronchoconstriction

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16
Q

Salmeterol (LABA)

A

asthma control maintenance only with ICS (can use alone in COPD)

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17
Q

Ipratropropium Bromide

A

Limited usefulness in asthma

Effective in COPD

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18
Q

Tiotropium

A

Limited usefulness in asthma

Effective in COPD

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19
Q

Theophylline

A

Increases diaphragm contractility in COPD and improves ventillatory fn

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20
Q

Montelukast

A

Mild-moderate asthma

NO role in COPD therapy

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21
Q

Omalizumab

A

Allergic asthma

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22
Q

Prazosin

A

HTN and benign prostaic hypertrophy

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23
Q

Phenoxybenzamine

A

HTN, benign prostaic hypertrophy (to relax smooth muscle in bladder to ↑flow)
And in combo with propanolol for pheochromocytoma

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24
Q

Phentolamine

A

in combo with propanolol for pheochromocytoma (catecholamine secreting tumor) management
Want everything blocked up to remove tumor

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25
Pindolol
HTN
26
Acebutolol
HTN
27
Propanolol
HTN | migraine pphx
28
Timolol
Glaucoma
29
Atenolol
HTN
30
Esmolol
HTN
31
β blockers
``` HTN Cardiac arrhythmias Angina Pphx migraine ↓cancer progression Early in MI to ↓sympathetic tone PPhx to ↓MI mortality Performance anxiety ```
32
Labetalol
HTN
33
Carvedilol
HTN
34
Clonidine
↓SE of opioid withdrawal | ADHD
35
α-methyldopa
HTN, open angle glaucoma, safe in pregnancy
36
Dexmedetomide
Sedation of critically ill or injured pts in ICU for
37
Fiber
to decrease cholesterol
38
Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA)
people w/ high level of TG
39
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)
people w/ high level of TG
40
Lovaza
people w/ high level of TG
41
Atrovastatin (Lipitor)
decrease cholesterol
42
Pravastatin
decrease cholesterol
43
Ezetimibe
acute coronary syndrome (w/ statin)
44
Cholestyramine
decrease LDL and possibly TG (w/ statin)
45
Niacin (vit B3)
to ↑HDL
46
Gemfibrozil
High TG levels
47
Evolocumab
decrease LDL
48
Nitroglycerin
Cardiac ishcmeia in more emergency and episodic situations
49
Verapamil
``` Long term ischemia tx variant angina (vasospasm) HTN Angina Arrhythmias ```
50
Diltazem
``` Long term ischemia tx variant angina (vasospasm) HTN Angina Arrhythmias ```
51
Nifedipine
``` Long term ischemia tx good for pt with low HR variant angina (vasospasm) HTN Angina Arrhythmias Good for elderly and AA populations ```
52
Nimodipine
``` Long term ischemia tx good for pt with low HR variant angina (vasospasm) post SAH HTN Angina Arrhythmias Good for elderly and AA populations ```
53
Propanolol
HTN-hx MI Ischemic heart disease Angina Arrhythmias
54
Hydrochlorothiazide
Systolic HTN | Heart failure
55
Captopril
Diabetics with HTN Hx MI LVH
56
Losartan
Diabetics with HTN
57
Hydralazine
HTN
58
Minoxidil
HTN
59
Sodium Nitroprusside
HTN
60
Prazosin
HTN and Men w/ prostatic hyperplasia and bladder obstruction sx
61
Guanethidine
HTN
62
Reserpine
HTN
63
Methyldopa
Pregnant with HTN
64
Clonidine
HTN
65
What is 1st line tx for vtach post MI?
amiodarone or lidocaine
66
What is 1st line tx for vtach w/o structural heart disease?
Betablockers or verapamil or adenosine
67
What is 1st line tx for Vfib?
defibrillation then amiodarone (or lidocaine)
68
What is 1st line tx for rate control?
Ca channel blockers then beta blockers
69
What is 1st line tx to restore sinus rhythm?
amiodarone long term or defib or ibultidide for short term
70
What is good for damaged tissue post MI?
Class IB
71
Lidocaine
VT only Post MI Rhythm control
72
Mexiletine
VT only Long QT syndrome Rhythm control
73
Flecainide
VT>>>SVT if no hx of ischemic disease (heart tissue needs to be healthy) Rhythm control
74
Quinidine
VT>>>SVT Suppress A fib (but need Ca channel blocker first to prevent rate mismatch) Rhythm control
75
Procainamide
VT>>>SVT | Rhythm control
76
Disopyramide
VT>>>SVT | Rhythm control
77
Amiodarone
1st line VT & SVT in structurally abnormal hearts & after MI 1st line rhythm control & A fib
78
Dronedarone
VT & SVT
79
Sotalol
VT & SVT | Pts w/ implantable defibilator
80
Ibutalide
VT & SVT | Acute cardioversion in A fib to get rid of arrhythmia
81
Verapamil
SVT fibrillation or flutters | CHF
82
Diltiazem
SVT fibrillation or flutters | CHF
83
Metoprolol
SVT | ↓mortality post MI
84
Digoxin
SVT | CHF
85
Adenosine
AV node dependent narrow complex (QRS <120) tachy
86
Disulfiram
Alcohol aversion therapy; prevent relapse in recovering alcoholics
87
Acamprosate, Topiramate
anti-craving medications for alcohol addiction (can also be used as anti-epileptic meds)
88
Naloxone (Narcan test)
Suspect recovering alcoholic is abusing opioids -- perform Narcan challenge test prior to treatment with naltrexone; can be used in opioid overdose
89
Naltrexone
1) Anti-craving therapy for alcohol addiction; prevent relapse in recovering alcoholics 2) Limited success in treating opioid dependence by preventing “high”; does not alleviate craving
90
Methadone
Used for both drug maintenance therapy and detoxification of opioid addiction Also strong opioid analgesic drug
91
LAAM
Used for both drug maintenance therapy and detoxification of opioid addiction
92
Buprenorphine
Used for both drug maintenance therapy and detoxification of opioid addiction
93
Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT)
Smoking cessation aid, reduces craving, prevents withdrawal
94
Bupropion
Smoking cessation aid, reduces craving, prevents withdrawal
95
Varenicline
Smoking cessation aid, reduces craving, prevents withdrawal
96
Acetazolamide
Metabolic Alkalosis (caused by other diuretics) ↓ intraocular pressure Pphx acute mountain sickness (get rid of bicarb)
97
Mannitol
↓ intercranial or interocular pressure before surgery
98
Furosemide
Edema 1st line for HTN & CHF ↓morbidity & mortality in heart failure pts
99
Ethacrynic Acid
Edema 1st line for HTN & CHF ↓morbidity & mortality in heart failure pts
100
Hydrochlorothiazide
1st line simple HTN CHF Hypercalciuria (stones) Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
101
Spironolactone
HTN 2° to excess aldosterone
102
Eplerenone
HTN 2° to excess aldosterone
103
Tolvaptan
Syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH) Hyponatremia
104
Angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI)
1st line for CHF
105
Carvedilol
Give only once stabilized with ACEI or other drugs | Give SLOWLY start w/ low dose
106
Metoprolol
Give only once stabilized with ACEI or other drugs Give SLOWLY start w/ low dose Can use for asthmatics
107
Ivabradine
CHF w/ tachycardia
108
Isosorbide
Angina | CHF
109
Dinitrate/hydralazine
CHF refractory to ACE & ARBs | African Americans w/ CHF
110
Milirinone
Acute decompensated HF <2 days
111
Digoxin
CHF Also good for CHF w/ A fib Can use chronically

Pharmacology Exam 3 (6 decks)

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