indigenous threat to British rule Flashcards
1
Q
in asia
A
- partition of Bengal unified peasants and middle class- Swadesh, the boycotting of goods esp Lancashire cotton which was publicly burnt + terrorism- in 1908 2 European women were killed by a bomb and in 1909 a punjabi shot an official of the Indian office
- All India muslim league and Simla delegation were established in 1906
- 1898 Boxer rebellion where boxers were incorporated into local militias and in 1900 Empress Tzu-Hzi committed 300,000 troops to them and they attacked the walled quarter of Peking
2
Q
rebuttal to asia
A
- Swadesh was a ‘positive choice’ for Indians not a negative towards the British
- unrest was easily quelled through diplomacy eg Morley- Minto reforms and reunification of Bengal
- 14 Aug 1900 18,000 troops destroyed boxers in Peking
3
Q
in South Africa (3)
A
- 29 December 1895 Jamerson raid of 500 mounted troops failed due to Boer resistance and an anti British ‘Afrikaner bond had been formed
- Kruger declared war on Britain in 1899- Germany supported them with modern weaponry made by Mauser and Krupp and used a strategy of attrition eg lightning raids on camps and destruction of communication lines. it cost the British £200 million
- Treaty of Vereeniging cost Britain £3 million in compensation to Boers
4
Q
in the rest of Africa (3)
A
- 1892 Tewfiq died- Abas Himil 11 succeeded him, encouraged a nationalist movement and al-Hizb-Al Watani a nationalist party was prominent in Egypt
- native tribes refused to pay tax in Sudan- Mahdist uprisings against the British in 1900, 1902-3, 1904 and 1908
- 1898 battle of omdurman- Khalifas army delivered frontal attacks and Kitchener was forced to obtain reinforcements making his army 60,000 strong
5
Q
rebuttal to the rest of Africa
A
- resistance in Sudan was easily crushed through 33 mounted expeditions and public hangings
- Kitchener’s modern weaponry secured them victory- 16,000 wounded, 11,000 dead
