Individualistic Policies Flashcards
(10 cards)
What is aversion therapy and how is it used in offender treatment?
Aversion therapy conditions offenders to associate deviant arousal with a negative stimulus like electric shock or nausea-inducing drugs. The goal is to stop deviant thoughts, thus stopping offending behaviour.
What is the aim of aversion therapy in criminal rehabilitation?
To break the association between deviant arousal and pleasure by replacing it with discomfort, discouraging the behaviour.
What is the purpose of mother and baby units in prisons?
To allow women to keep their children with them in prison, supporting the mother–child bond and potentially reducing reoffending.
Which psychological theory links to mother and baby units in prisons?
Psychodynamic Theory (Freud) – suggests early childhood experiences and maternal attachment are critical for development and reducing future deviance.
What is Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) in the context of offender treatment?
A treatment approach that focuses on changing offenders’ distorted thoughts and attitudes to reduce criminal behaviour.
What does CBT aim to change in offenders?
Their thought processes (cognitions) and attitudes, which are believed to influence criminal behaviour.
What is the ‘Think First’ CBT programme?
A programme for repeat offenders involving group and 1:1 sessions that develop problem-solving, consequential thinking, and moral reasoning.
Is ‘Think First’ effective in reducing reoffending?
Yes, participants are 30% less likely to be re-convicted than those who complete community service. However, non-completion rates are high.
What is Aggression Replacement Training (ART)?
A CBT-based programme for violent offenders including role play, anger control, and moral reasoning training using dilemmas.
How effective is ART in reducing crime?
Evaluations show lower re-conviction rates, but some findings suggest improved thinking without improved behaviour.
