Industrial Medicine Flashcards
(34 cards)
what was the most deadliest disease in the 1700s
smallpox
in 1751, how many people died of smallpox
3500
what was the only method at the time to prevent smallpox
innoculation (promoted by lady Montague)
what does innoculation involve
making a cut, soaking it in pus from the swelling of someone who had a mild form of smallpox
what was the advantage and disadvantage of innoculation
- successful
- but meant the patient had to catch smallpox which sometimes resulted in death
when was Jenner born
1749
when did Jenner publish his findings
1798
when did jenner first test the vaccine and with who
- 1796
- a small boy James Phipps with pus from sores of a milkmaid with cowpox
what did Jenner observe
- heard that milkmaids didn’t get smallpox but got a much milder cowpox
- using careful scientific methods, Jenner investigated this and proved it was true
why did doctors not like innoculation
- those who did innoculation saw it as threat to livelihood
why did the general public not like the vaccine
scared about getting a disease from a cow
when did the smallpox vaccination become compulsory
1853
what opposition was there to compulsory vaccination
- groups formed campaigns against it
- didn’t liked being told what to do by gov.
what did William Woodville claim
claimed Jenners vaccination worked little better than innoculation after several deaths in his hospital
in 1800s, how much did the gov. give Jenner to open what
- 10,000
- vaccination clinic
- 20,000 more a few years later
when was vaccination made free for infants
1840
when and what was Louis Pasteur employed for
- 1857
- to find explanation for the souring of sugar beet used in fermenting industrial alcohol- his answer was germs
what did Louis Pasteur prove
- when air entered the long neck, bacteria were trapped in the long tube
- If they could not reach the liquid, no souring took place
- When the flask was tipped and the particles were able to reach the liquid, it would turn sour
when was the germ theory published
1861
what did what what did the germ theory argue
- it argued that microbes in the air caused decay not the other way round
- he also suggested that some germs caused disease
what did Louis Pasteur publish in 1867
evidence proving there was a link between germs and disease, demonstrating that germs caused a disease in silkworms
what did Koch use to make bacteria more visible
dye
when did koch discover anthrax bacteria
1876
when did koch discover cholera bacteria
1883
