Industrial Poisons

Question 1

An irritant gas with properties similar to those of chlorine

Answer 1

Chloramines gas

Question 2

Method of Toxicity of Ammonia

Answer 2

Liquefaction necrosis

Question 3

A colorless hydride gas formed when arsenic comes in contact with hydrogen or with reducing agents

Answer 3

Arsine

Question 4

Atmospheric particulate that causes asbestosis

Answer 4

Asbestos

Question 5

Use in automobile air bags, causes poisoning by cellular asphyxiation

Answer 5

Azide, sodium

Question 6

A constituent by product in gasline and its conversion into a toxic metabolite affects the hematopoietic system

Answer 6

Benzene

Question 7

Widely used solvent in laboratory settings; a metabolite of the drug disulfiram and is a spontaneous breakdown product of the metam sodium

Answer 7

Carbon disulfide

Question 8

Colorless, odorless, tasteless and non - irritating gas produced by the incomplete combustion of any carbon contaning material

Answer 8

Carbon monoxide

Question 9

Now used mainly as an intermediate in chemical manufacturing

Answer 9

Tetrachloromethane / CCl4

Question 10

Chlorinated HC solvent, raw material in the production of Freon, extractant, solvent in the pharmaceutical industry

Answer 10

CHCl3 / trichloromethane

Question 11

Treatment for trichloromethane

Answer 11

N- acetylcysteine

Question 12

Cause immediate coagulation - type necrosis that tends to self - limit further damage

Answer 12

Acids

Question 13

Cause a liquefaction necrosis with saponifaction and continued penetration into deeper tissues result in extensive damage

Answer 13

Alkalies

Question 14

Used in toothpastes and antiseptic mouthwashes, potent oxidizing agents that may produce sever methemoglobinemia, intravascular hemolysis and gastrointestinal irritation

Answer 14

Chlorates

Question 15

Caused by hemolysis in chlorates

Answer 15

Renal failure

Question 16

Highly toxic chemical with a variety of uses including chemical synthesis, laboratory analysis and metal plating

Answer 16

Cyanide

Question 17

Used in plastic manufacturing are metabolized to CN

Answer 17

Alipathic nitriles (acrylonitrile and propionitrile)

Question 18

Releases cyanide on exposure to light or trough metabolism

Answer 18

Nitroprusside

Question 19

A component of some artificial nail glue removers and had caused several pediatric deaths

Answer 19

Acetonitrile

Question 20

Gas easily generated by mixing acid with CN salts and is a common combustion by-product of burning plastics

Answer 20

HCN

Question 21

Mechanism of Toxicity of HCN

Answer 21

Chemical asphyxiant

Question 22

Treatment of HCN toxicity

Answer 22

Cyanide antidote package and hydroxocobalamin

Question 23

Frequently ingested recreationally, and is the most co-ingestant with other drugs in suicide attempts

Answer 23

Ethanol

Question 24

Mechanism of toxicity of ethanol

Answer 24

CNS depression and hypoglycemia

Question 25

Treatment for Ethanol toxicity

Answer 25

Disulfiram, vitamin B1 and sodium bicarbonate

Question 26

Primary ingredient in antifreeze

Answer 26

Ethylene glycol

Question 27

MOT of Ethylene Glycol

Answer 27

Metabolism to formic and oxalic acid

Question 28

Treatment for Ethylene glycol toxicity

Answer 28

Ethanol / Fomepizole Folic acid and leucovorin Thiamine and pyridoxine

Question 29

Highly penetrating flammable gas widely used as a sterilizer of medical equipment and supplies

Answer 29

Ethylene Oxide

Question 30

MOT of Ethylene Oxide

Answer 30

Alkylating agents that reacts directly with proteins and DNA to cause cell death and a potent mucous membrane

Question 31

Used in automobile wheel cleaners, glass etching solutions' insecticide, rodenticide and used to prevent dental caries

Answer 31

Flouride liberating chemicals

Question 32

Signs and symptoms of Fluoride

Answer 32

Tooth mottling and Skeletal flourosis

Question 33

Treatment for Fluoride toxicity

Answer 33

Calcium gluconate and magnesium sulfate

Question 34

MOT of formaldehyde

Answer 34

Metabolism to formic acid and coagulation necrosis

Question 35

Treatment for formaldehyde toxicity

Answer 35

Folic acid, sodium bicarbonate and ammonia salts

Question 36

Widely used as solvents, degreasers, fuels and lubricants. Includes petroleum distillation, most common is kerosene and gasoline

Answer 36

Hydrocarbons

Question 37

MOT of hydrocarbons

Answer 37

Pulmonary aspiration that leads to direct lung injury

Question 38

Treatment for hydrocarbon toxicity

Answer 38

Mineral Oil / Glycerin

Question 39

Produced naturally by decaying organic matter and is also a by-product of many industrial processes

Answer 39

Hydrogen sulfide / Pit gas / Stink Damp

Question 40

MOT of Hydrogen sulfide / Pit gas / Stink damp

Answer 40

Cellular asphyxiant and mucous membrane irritant

Question 41

Used as a solvent, an antiseptic and a disinfectant and is commonly available in the home as a 70% solution

Answer 41

Isopropyl alcohol

Question 42

The terms abusers use for isopropyl alcohol

Answer 42

Blue heaven

Question 43

Common ingredient in many solvents, windshield washing solution, duplicating fluids and paint removers

Answer 43

Methanol / Wood Alcohol

Question 44

Used as an ethanol substitute by alcoholics

Answer 44

Methanol / Wood Alcohol

Question 45

MOT of Methanol

Answer 45

Oxidation to formaldehyde then to formic acid

Question 46

Common ingredients in diaper, pail and toilet bowl deodorizers and moth repellants

Answer 46

Naphthalene and Paradichorobenzene

Question 47

MOT of Naphthalene and Paradichlorobenzene

Answer 47

Hemolysis and Irritant

Question 48

Used as bleaches, metal cleaners and rust removers and in chemical synthesis and leather tanning; remove stains of KMnO4

Answer 48

Oxalic Acid and Oxalates

Question 49

MOT of Oxalic Acid

Answer 49

Irritant, corrosive and sequestration of calcium resulting to a precipitate of the insoluble calcium oxalate salt

Question 50

Treatment for Oxalic Acid

Answer 50

Calcium gluconate / Calcium chloride 10%

Question 51

Originally manufactured as a war gas, and now used in the manufacture of dyes, resins and pesticides

Answer 51

Phosgene

Question 52

Colorless, non flammable formed by burning the materials that contain sulfur, soluble in water to form sulfuours acid which maybe oxidized to sulfuric acid, both are components of acid rain

Answer 52

Sulfur dioxide

Question 53

Soft metal that quickly oxidizes upon exposure to the air

Answer 53

Thallium

Question 54

Signs and symptoms of Thallium toxicity

Answer 54

Hair loss and nail distrophy

Question 55

Treatment for Thallium Toxicity

Answer 55

Prussian blue

Question 56

The addition of this to chlorine or hypochlorite solutions will produce chloramines

Answer 56

Ammonia