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World History > Industrial Revolution > Flashcards

Industrial Revolution Flashcards

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1
Q

Where did the Industrial Revolution begin

A

Britian

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2
Q

What did the Industrial Revolution have a strong impact on

A

economics, politics, and safety

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3
Q

What greatly increased the output of machine-made goods

A

The Industrial Revolution

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4
Q

What was it called when large farm fields are enclosed by fences or hedges

A

Enclosures

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5
Q

Who bought enclosed land, once owned by village farmers

A

wealthy landowners

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6
Q

What did Enclosures allow

A

experimentation with new agricultural methods

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7
Q

What is the switching of crops each year to avoid depleting the soil

A

crop rotation

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8
Q

Why did livestock breeders only allow the best to breed

A

improve food supply

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9
Q

What is the move to machine production of goods

A

Industrialization

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10
Q

What natural resources did Britain have

A

coal, iron, rivers, and harbors

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11
Q

What did the Expanding economy in Britain encourage

A

investment

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12
Q

What is land, labor, and capital

A

factors of production

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13
Q

What did weavers use to work faster

A

flying shuttle and spinning jenny

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14
Q

What did the water frame use to drive spinning wheels

A

water power

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15
Q

what is a spinning mule that sped up production

A

Power loom

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16
Q

What are buildings that contain machinery for manufacturing

A

factories

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17
Q

what boosted American cotton production to meet british demand

A

Cotton Gin

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18
Q

Who developed the Steam Engine

A

James Watt

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19
Q

Who is someone who organizes, manages, and takes business risks

A

Entrepreneur

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20
Q

Who built the first steamboat

A

Robert Fulton

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21
Q

What did the system of canals do

A

it improved England’s water transport

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22
Q

What did companies operate the roads as

A

toll roads

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23
Q

Who built the first steam-driven locomotive

A

Richard Trevithick

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24
Q

Who built the world’s first railroad line

A

George Stephenson

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25
Q

Who built a railroad from Liverpool to Manchester

A

Entrepreneurs

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26
Q

What was Stephenson’s Rocket acknowledged as

A

best locomotive

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27
Q

What did Railroads spur

A

industrial growth

28
Q

What did cheaper transportation boost

A

many industries

29
Q

What did the Industrial Revolution lead to

A

economic, political, and social reforms

30
Q

What is an economic policy of not interfering with businesses

A

Laissez-faire

31
Q

Who did laissez-faire originate with

A

Enlightenment economic philosophers

32
Q

Who was a defender of free markets

A

Adam Smith

33
Q

What book did Adam Smith write

A

The Wealth of Nations

34
Q

Adam Smith believed that economic liberty guarantees what

A

economic progress

35
Q

What are economic natural laws

A

self-interest, competition, and supply and demand

36
Q

Who (2 people) boosted Laissez-faire capitalism

A

Thomas Malthus and David Ricardo

37
Q

What is a system a privately owned businesses seeking profit

A

Capitalism

38
Q

Who thinks that population grows faster than food supply

A

Malthus

39
Q

who envisioned a permanent, poor underclass providing cheap labor

A

Ricardo

40
Q

What is it when you judge things by their usefulness

A

utilitarianism

41
Q

Who favored regulation to help workers,spread wealth

A

John Stuart Mill

42
Q

Who improved working conditions

A

Robert Owen

43
Q

What are factors of production owned by, operated for the people

A

Socialism

44
Q

Who thinks that the government control can end poverty , bring equality

A

Socialists

45
Q

Who was a german journalist who proposed a radical socialism

A

Karl Marx

46
Q

Who was a German, whose father owns a Manchester textile Mill

A

Friedrich Engels

47
Q

Who believed that capitalism will eventually destroy itself

A

Karl Marx

48
Q

What caused workers to revolt, seize factories and mills

A

Inequality

49
Q

What is a society where people own, share the means of production

A

Communism

50
Q

Where did Marx’s ideas later take root in

A

Russia, China, and Cuba

51
Q

Who believed society is divided into warring classes

A

Marx and Engels

52
Q

What is another word for “haves”

A

bourgeoisie

53
Q

What is another word for the “have-nots”

A

proletariat

54
Q

who predicted that the workers will overthrow the owners

A

Marx and Engels

55
Q

What are associations formed by laborers to work for change

A

Unions

56
Q

What did Unions negotiate

A

a better pay

57
Q

What does it mean to call a work stoppage

A

strike

58
Q

What kind of workers are first to form unions

A

Skilled workers

59
Q

What did the U.S have to fight for

A

the right to form unions

60
Q

What were some union goals

A

higher wages, shorter hours, and improved conditions

61
Q

What did the U.S eventually end

A

child labor

62
Q

What did U.S. pass laws to stop

A

worst abuses of industrialization

63
Q

How many hours were the children limited too

A

10 hours

64
Q

Who helped end slavery

A

reformers

65
Q

Who pursued economic and social rights

A

women

66
Q

What was the name of the worldwide membership founder in 1888

A

International Council for Women

67
Q

Who established free public schools

A

reformers

World History (11 decks)

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