Industrial revolution Flashcards
Industrial revolution (45 cards)
You lived in Britain in 1700 (describe it)
Your village runs on the idea of the Cottage Industry. This was where the creation of products and services is home-based, rather than factory-based.
Products and services created by the cottage industry are often unique and distinctive
not mass-produced
what was before the Industrial Revolution
There was an Agricultural Revolution in Europe and England
What does Agriculture refer to
farming
what does revolution refer to
a radical change in society
what happened during the Agriculture Revolution
significant change in agriculture that occurred through discoveries, inventions, and new technologies that change production
Who are some inventors
Jethro Tull
Invented the Seed Drill: Machine that planted seeds in well-spaced rows which allowed for more seeds to sprout.
Lord Charles Townshend
develops Crop Rotation: The practice of planting a chain of crops in a field over a period of years.
What was life like as an inventor before the Industrial Revolution
You have very little money and have not had much success. You live in a small one room house with your brother who has a herd of sheep that graze on the commons. For you, life before the industrial revolution was hard. You made little money for your work and had to work in other ways to support yourself.
What was life like as a Farmer before the industrial revolution
You live in a small one room house and farm a small piece of land in the commons. You grow enough food to feed yourself and trade some crops for other items you need (like clothes and candles.) You, your family, your goat and sheep all sleep in the one room house when it is cold.
What was life like as a rich kid before industrial revolution
You have inherited a piece of land from your father. You have a few people who work the land for you to produce food that is sold in the village. You keep a few families employed on your estate.
What was life like as a child before the industrial revolution
You live in a small one room house with your father who farms the commons. You help around the home by cooking, cleaning, sewing, and helping to tend to the crops or animals. You have no formal education.
What was the Industrial Revolution,
It was the transition to new manufacturing processes in Europe and the United States, in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840
Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in Britain?
Economic Strength
Geography and Natural Resources
Population Growth
Political Stability
How did economic strength (your government’s money) affect the Industrial Revolution in Britain?
During the 1600s, overseas exploration had opened new markets for England, and led to a thriving economy based on money.
* British merchants invested money in new industries.
* New financial institutions such as banks offered business loans that helped spur industrial growth. The most famous was the powerful Bank of England, 1694.
How did Geography and Natural Resources affect the Industrial Revolution in Britain?
England’s rivers offered a dual advantage. Fast-flowing rivers were a source of water power to fuel machinery, and throughout the nation rivers provided inland transportation routes for industrial goods.
* In addition, England’s excellent natural harbors were a benefit to merchant ships.
England had rich natural resources in the form of coal and iron mines. Coal was a valuable source of energy to fuel machinery, and iron was used to make machines and products, such as tools and cookware.
* A region in west-central England became known as the Black Country for its smoke clouds from factories burning coal and smelting iron
How did Population Growth
Affect the Industrial Revolution in Britain?
Scientific improvements in farming during the 1700s led to more crops and healthier livestock—an Agricultural Revolution that brought more food to the people. Health and living conditions improved, and the population increased.
* A larger population meant greater demand for goods and more available labor.
How did Political Stability Affect the Industrial Revolution in Britain?
An isolated, island nation, Britain participated in European wars of the 18th and early 19th centuries, but never on home ground.
* Britain’s industrial growth was not interrupted by war.
During the industrial revolution did the coal and iron levels rise or decrees?
Rise by a lot between 1567 - 1856 in England
What does Industrialisation refer to?
the process of transforming the economy of a nation or region from a focus on agriculture to a reliance on manufacturing.
What does Capitalism refer to?
an economic and political system in which a country’s trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit.
Why Europe?
Distribution of coal, iron, and timber
Demographic changes in Europe (rapid population growth)
Urbanisation
Improved agricultural productivity
Legal protection of private property
Abundance of rivers and canals
Access to foreign resources
Accumulation of capital (think about trading companies)
What significant economic changes began around 1750?
Changes in the economy led to widespread social change creating modern society.
What are the objectives of the lesson regarding British colonies?
- Identify the colonies of Britain on a map
- Use GIS technology to analyze maps and draw conclusions
- Understand how resources moved between Britain and her empires
- Understand how Britain used her empire to aid her economy
Why might a country want to have colonies?
To control resources, expand territory, and increase economic power.
