inequalities Flashcards
(41 cards)
what does the individualist approach mean
it is the individual who is ultimately responsible for their own circumstances and it’s not society’s duty to solve their problem
what does the collectivist approach mean
collectivist argue that we are all collectively part of a society and that society has a duty of care towards everyone
explain how the gov is best suited to reduce social inequalities
collectivists argue that there is no one cause of social inequality, and there is often many complex causes, for one charity or private organisation to solve
give an example of the government being best suited to reduce social inequalities
the uk in total spend over 250 billion on healthcare
why do individualist argue collectivism is not the best way to reduce inequalities
growing welfare costs are unsustainable. to provide free and universal services, taxes would have to increase each year. as people live longer so too does the number of people who need services provided by the welfare state
example of growing welfare costs
for example the cost for providing free prescriptions in scotland has risen 25% in ten years.
explain how indidualost become collectivists in crisis
individualists realise their policies don’t work and adopt collectivist policies
give an example of individualists becoming collectivists in crisis
during covid-19 the conservative government (individualists) increased spending in the NHS and increased benefits
explain individualists thinking universal benefits are unnecessary
people who can afford to pay for many services such as university fees in scotland,free personal care for the elderly or for medicine in scotland
give an example of money spent on a universal benefit
scotland now pay just over £500 million for free personal care for the elderly.
explain why collectivist argue that inequalities become worse under individualist governments
individualist assume a person is in poverty because they did not work hard enough, therefore governments with this ideology are more likely to reduce benefits to encourage hard work
give an example of inequalities getting worse under individualist policies
under the conservative government food bank use has more than doubled in 5 years
why do individualist argue that the welfare state causes a dependency
they say that the welfare state has created people who expect the state to provide for them, making them less likely to work for it
how did the national living wage aim to reduce poverty
this aimed to reduce poverty by encouraging people to take up employment as rates of pay would be better
what is the new living wage
in 2024 the national living wage was £11.44 for people over 21
what is the real living wage calculated to be
£12
what is the work and health program
it aimed to reduce poverty by helping unemployed and disabled people get back into work , its voluntary unless you have been unemployed for 2+ years.
what does the work and health program do
identify your employment needs, match skills, get you in touch with employers , find long term employment and manage health problems
what do critics of the health and work program say
critics claim that the work and health programme does not support disabled people enough. doesn’t help them maintain a job
evidence of work and health program being bad
disabled rights uk says that 9 out of 10 participants don’t have a job outcome
how does pension credit work
the pension credit targets people of state pension age with a low income , that need there income raised to live more comfortably
example of pension credit
for example the pension credit will top up your weekly income to £218.50
why is pension credit bad
people who are entitled to pension credit often don’t know they are or do not know how to apply for it , therefore many people entitled to it miss out on pension credit and also the winter fuel payment
