Infection

Question 1

Potential to harm/cause a disease

Answer 1

Pathogenicity

Question 2

Degree/power/severity of danger that the microbe can create.

Answer 2

Virulence

Question 3

Ability of microbe to cause disease

Answer 3

Pathogenicity

Question 4

Pathogenicity is used to [..]

Answer 4

Describe and compare species

Question 5

Virulence is used to [..]

Answer 5

Describe, or compare strains within a species

Question 6

Virulence is based on

Answer 6

Invasive qualities
toxic qualities
presence of pili or fimbriae for adhesion
ability to avoid host defenses (mutate)

Question 7

Capability to spread, and ability to enter a host

Answer 7

Invasive qualities

Question 8

Chemicals that the agents can do

Answer 8

Toxic qualities

Question 9

The ability of a microbe to enter the tissue

Answer 9

Invasiveness

Question 10

Attraction of a certain microorganism group to a particular host

Answer 10

Specificity

Question 11

types of pathogens

Answer 11

Virus
prions,
fungus,
parasites
bacteria

Question 12

Pathogen that affects either the RNA/DNA

Answer 12

Virus

Question 13

Pathogen that is present in brain cells, for example, mad cows disease (creutz Jacob disease)

Answer 13

Prions

Question 14

Two forms of fungus

Answer 14

Yeast and mold

Question 15

Two types of parasites

Answer 15

Protozoa and helminths

Question 16

Chain of infection

Answer 16

Infectious agent,
Reservoir
portal of exit way out
mode of transmission
portal of entry way in,
susceptible host

Question 17

Most valuable to break the chain

Answer 17

Mode of transmission

Question 18

Microorganism that cause the disease

Answer 18

Infectious agent

Question 19

Where are germs, lives and grows

Answer 19

Reservoir

Question 20

Germ need to find its way out, so it can spread

Answer 20

Portal of exit way out

Question 21

Sources of infections

Answer 21

Endogenous infections and exogenous infections

Question 22

Source of infection caused by own microflora

Answer 22

Endogenous infection

Question 23

Five sources of infection

Answer 23

Healthy carrier- asymptomatic
convalescent -recovered person, but can still transmit
temporary -could have the disease, could act as a carrier for up to six months
chronic carrier-could act as a carrier for more than six months
paradoxical carrier-acquired the disease from another carrier

Question 24

Modes of communicable disease transmission

Answer 24

Direct transmission
Indirect transmission

Question 25

Types of direct transmission

Answer 25

Direct contact Droplet spread

Question 26

Types of indirect transmission

Answer 26

Airborne vehicle borne Vector borne

Question 27

Immediate transfer of direct contact

Answer 27

Direct transmission

Question 28

Microbial aerosols usually respiratory, suspended in dust or droplet nuclei made up by micro organisms

Answer 28

Airborne transmission

Question 29

Contaminated materials or fomites May or may not have multiplied or developed on vehicle

Answer 29

Vehicle borne transmission

Question 30

Signs and symptoms of infection

Answer 30

Redness Swelling Tenderness Warmth Drainage Red streaks leading away from wound

Question 31

Local signs of infection

Answer 31

Inflammation Purulent exudate if bacterial infection Serous exudate is viral Tissue necrosis Lymphadenopathy Respiratory effects

Question 32

Systemic signs

Answer 32

Fever Fatigue Headache Nausea

Question 33

Generalized stages of infection

Answer 33

1. Entry of pathogen. 2. Incubation - colonization 3. Prodromal period 4. Invasive period 5. Period of decline 6. Period of convalescence

Question 34

Stage of infection without signs and symptoms

Answer 34

Entry of pathogen

Question 35

Stage of infection also called asymptomatic period, it is between the initial contact with the microbe and the appearance of the first symptoms

Answer 35

Incubation

Question 36

Stage of infection under incubation, usually at the site of entry, and may still continue up to prodromal

Answer 36

Colonization

Question 37

Stage of infection where there is initial symptoms mild

Answer 37

Prodromal Period

Question 38

Stage of infection also called period of illness,

Answer 38

Invasive period

Question 39

Stage of infection were there is start of recovery and minimal signs and symptoms

Answer 39

Period of decline

Question 40

Stage of infection, where there is no signs and symptoms, recovered

Answer 40

Period of convalescence