Temporary Quiz 2

Question 1

inappropriate rotation, anomalous pos’n of fixation of Sand L bowel

Answer 1

malrotation

Question 2

[malrotation] incidence

Answer 2

m=f

Question 3

[malrotation] normally associated w/ situs invertus (3)

Answer 3

-situs invertus totalis
-situs invertus thoracalis
-situs invertus abdominalis

Question 4

[malrotation] pathogenesis

Answer 4

due to malformation during organogenesis; aberations in normal process of intestinal rotation in utero

Question 5

[malrotation] pathogenesis

Answer 5

due to malformation during organogenesis; aberrations in normal process of intestinal rotation in utero

Question 6

[malrotation] s/s

Answer 6

bilous vomiting, bloody stool, constipation

Question 7

[malrotation] dx

Answer 7

UGIS
BaE
Sonography

Question 8

[malrotation] dx golden standard

Answer 8

UGIS

Question 9

[malrotation] rad’phy appearance - UGIS

Answer 9

deviations from the normal route of contrast in the duodenum (may show gastric torsion)

Question 10

[malrotation] rad’phy appearance - BaE

Answer 10

evaluate location of cecum

Question 11

[malrotation] rad’phy appearance - Sonography

Answer 11

if UGIS and BaE is contraindicated - complementary - 3rd part of duodenum is between aorta and SMA

Question 12

[malrotation] Cx

Answer 12

-volvulus
-incarceration of bowel

Question 13

[malrotation] Rx

Answer 13

resection anastomosis for complications

Question 14

Hirschsprung Disease other name

Answer 14

Congenital Aganglionic Megacolon

Question 15

certain nerve cell are missing from the muscle layer of a part of the LI

Answer 15

Hirschsprung Disease

Question 16

[Hirschsprung Disease] incidence

Answer 16

1:5000
male predominance

Question 17

[Hirschsprung Disease] pathophysiology

Answer 17

unknown pathology; linked to manifestation of parasympathetic nervous system

Question 18

[Hirschsprung Disease] s/s

Answer 18

distended sigmoid
severe constipation
narrow rectum
recurrent fecal impaction

Question 19

[Hirschsprung Disease] dx

Answer 19

BaE, UTS, CT, MRI

Question 20

[Hirschsprung Disease] Cx

Answer 20

distended abdomen, constipation
-fecal impaction - toxic megacolon (BaE contraindication)

Question 21

[Hirschsprung Disease] Tx

Answer 21

Resection + Colostomy

Question 22

congenital diverticulum of distal ileum (w/in 5ft of ileocecal valve)

abnormal pouch or pocket of distal ileum

Answer 22

Meckel Diverticulum

Question 23

[Meckel Diverticulum] pathophysiology

Answer 23

-remnant of a duct connecting the SB to umbilicus
-failure to remove the vitelline duct

Question 24

[Meckel Diverticulum] Rule of 2’s

Answer 24

-2% gen pop
-located on antimesenteric border of the ileum 2 ft from the ileocecal valve
-2in length diverticulum

Question 25

[Meckel Diverticulum] s/s

Answer 25

rectal bleeding, cramping, vomiting, BO

Question 26

[Meckel Diverticulum] dx

Answer 26

SPECT Tc-99m w/ pertechnetate - Meckel Scans BaE

Question 27

[Meckel Diverticulum] Cx

Answer 27

bleeding due to ulceration, abdominal cramping, vomiting, BO

Question 28

[Meckel Diverticulum] Tx

Answer 28

surgery, resection

Question 29

abnormal digestion and absorption of gluten in SB

Answer 29

gluten-sensitive enteropathy

Question 30

[gluten-sensitive enteropathy] other name

Answer 30

non tropical sprue celiac sprue/disease

Question 31

[gluten-sensitive enteropathy] pathophysiology

Answer 31

gliadin fraction of gluten acts as antigen - combines w/ antibodies

Question 32

[gluten-sensitive enteropathy] s/s

Answer 32

diarrhea, flatulence, wt. loss, abdominal distention, nutritional deficiencies

Question 33

[gluten-sensitive enteropathy] dx

Answer 33

SIS -stack of coins biopsy of SB

Question 34

[gluten-sensitive enteropathy] rec Tx

Answer 34

avoid food containing gluten, vitamin therapy

Question 35

inability to digest certain carbohydrates (including lactose bc of acquired deficiency)

Answer 35

carbohydrate intolerance

Question 36

[carbohydrate intolerance] incidence

Answer 36

60% non white population

Question 37

[carbohydrate intolerance] pathophysiology

Answer 37

lack of lactase - unabsorbed lactose acts as osmotic agent - fluid weeps from the bowel wall into the lumen

Question 38

[carbohydrate intolerance] s/s

Answer 38

cramping diarrhea

Question 39

[carbohydrate intolerance] Cx

Answer 39

nutritional deficiencies

Question 40

[carbohydrate intolerance] dx

Answer 40

SIS Barium + lactose

Question 41

[carbohydrate intolerance] rad'phy appearance

Answer 41

Barium +Lactase - increased transit time, dilution in distal ileum and colon

Question 42

[carbohydrate intolerance] Tx

Answer 42

abstain from consumption of dairy products

Question 43

narrowing of esphagus

Answer 43

esophageal stricture

Question 44

[esophageal stricture] pathophysiology

Answer 44

inflammation of the mucosa

Question 45

[esophageal stricture] s/s

Answer 45

edema, swelling, scarring or perforation

Question 46

[esophageal stricture] dx

Answer 46

esophagography endoscopy

Question 47

[esophageal stricture] Tx

Answer 47

surgery corticosteroids repeated dilation using tubes

Question 48

due to backward flow of gastric acid and contents into the esophagus due to incompetent cardiac sphincter

Answer 48

GERD

Question 49

[GERD] pathophysiology

Answer 49

no definitive pathologic cause, not necessarily always abnormal

Question 50

[GERD] s/s

Answer 50

dysphagia, backwash, chest pain, heart burn, upper abdo pain

Question 51

[GERD] dx

Answer 51

-UGIS - not useful -Reflux Scintigraphy -Tc99m --DTPA mix with H20 -Sonography-too sensi, less specific (functional /morphologic) -Ph Probe test - lvl of acid 24-96 hrs

Question 52

[GERD] Cx

Answer 52

esophagitis ulceration of esophagus

Question 53

[GERD] Tx

Answer 53

-truncal elevation -avoid coffee, alcohol, chocolate, smoking antacids -H2 blocker -Surgery -last option

Question 54

erosion of mucous membrane of the lower end/segment of the esophagus, stomach and/or duodenum

Answer 54

peptic ulcer