infection and response

Question 1

pre clinical testing

Answer 1

lab tests, animal testing

Question 2

pre clinical testing purpose

Answer 2

test for toxicity
see if it’s safe

Question 3

placebo

Answer 3

fake medicine

Question 4

why do we test medicine in healthy volunteers first

Answer 4

check they’re safe

Question 5

main purpose of phase 2 and 3 testing

Answer 5

find optimum dosage

Question 6

phase 1 clinical testing

Answer 6

very low doses of new drug on small number of volunteers

Question 7

phase 1 clinical testing purposes

Answer 7

check if it will conflict w other medication

Question 8

how are bacterial diseases treated

Answer 8

antibiotics

Question 9

how do white blood cells protect us

Answer 9

ingest bacteria
produce antibodies which destroy bacteria by latching onto antigens
produce antitoxins that counteract poisons created by bacteria

Question 10

what happens to proteins that microbes contain after they’re ingested

Answer 10

broken down by enzymes in to amino acids

Question 11

process by which white blood cells ingulf pathogens

Answer 11

phagocytosis

Question 12

2 ways body protects itself from microbes

Answer 12

blood clots seal wounds
kills microbes that enter