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Fundamentals I > Infection Control > Flashcards

Infection Control Flashcards

1
Q

Nurses are in a unique position to break the chain of infection by…

A

Practicing medical and surgical asepsis, and testing infections that arise

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2
Q

Absence of pathogens

A

Asepsis

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3
Q

Practices implemented before, during, and after a procedure to prevent infection

A

Aseptic technique

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4
Q

Medical asepsis aka

A

Clean technique

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5
Q

Medical aseptic interventions include… (2)

A

Hand hygiene and PPE

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6
Q

Medical asepsis is implemented for…

A

ALL patients

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7
Q

Surgical asepsis aka

A

Sterile technique

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8
Q

Surgical asepsis prevents…

A

Introduction of microorganisms from environment to a patient’s body cavity or incision during specialized procedures

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9
Q

Most important medical aseptic technique

A

Hand hygiene

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10
Q

Hand hygiene includes three things

A

Soap and water, hand sanitizer, and surgical hand scrub

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11
Q

Hand sanitizers reduce the number of microorganisms but…

A

Do not eliminate them all

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12
Q

Hand sanitizers are most effective when…

A

They contain at least 60% alcohol and hands are not visibly dirty

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13
Q

The best way to reduce the number of hand microbes

A

Soap and water

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14
Q

Wash hands when…

A

Hands are visibly dirty, exposure to c diff, before eating, and after using the restroom

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15
Q

Non-alcohol based hand sanitizers may…

A

Irritate the skin and cause microorganisms to develop resistance to sanitizer

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16
Q

Nails should be…

A

Natural, and no longer than 1/4 inch

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17
Q

When are isolation gowns used?

A

Possibility that clothing will be soiled

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18
Q

When are isolation gowns discarded?

A

Immediately after use, and they are only used once

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19
Q

What to masks prevent against?

A

Large particles that travel less than 3 feet and small particles suspended in the air

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20
Q

The effectiveness of masks decreases when…

A

Worn for long periods of time or get wet

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21
Q

N95 masks are used to prevent

A

Contagious airborne disease and must have special fit

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22
Q

Goggles protect against

A

Splashes, sprays, respiratory droplets

23
Q

Face shields should have crown and chin protection, as well as…

A

wrap around face to ear

24
Q

Head and shoe covers are used when…

A

increased risk of contamination to patient or healthcare provider (ex: in L&D and OR)

25
Q

Gloves are changed when…

A

Soiled and in between patients

26
Q

Sterile gloves are needed for…

A

Urinary catheter insertion

27
Q

7 steps of donning PPE

A

1) Hand hygiene
2) Don gown
3) Adjust mask
4) Adjust eyewear
5) Apply head cover
6) Apply shoe cover
7) Don gloves

28
Q

PPE is removed in this order… (6)

A

1) Gloves
2) Eyewear
3) Gown
4) Mask
5) Shoe and head cover
6) Perform hand hygiene

29
Q

Minimum infection prevention practice

A

standard precautions

30
Q

Standard precautions include (5)

A

Hand hygiene, PPE, safe injection practices, safe handling of contaminated equipment/surfaces, and respiratory hygiene/cough

31
Q

Use standard precautions when… (4)

A

Blood and bodily fluids
non intact skin
mucous membranes
other potentially infectious material

32
Q

Never __ used needles

A

recap

33
Q

Patient and family education regarding standard precautions needs to be

A

documented

34
Q

Transmission based precautions include…

A

Contact, droplet, and airborne

35
Q

Implemented to prevent transmission by direct/indirect contact

A

Contact precautions

36
Q

Contact precaution PPE

A

Gown and gloves

37
Q

Contact precautions are required when…

A

Multi drug resistant organisms, scabies, HSV, recessive wound drainage, fecal incontinence

38
Q

Droplet transmission pathogens can occur through…

A

Coughing, sneezing, talking, suctioning, intubation, CPR, and CPT

39
Q

Droplet precautions are required for…

A 
Pharyngeal diphtheria
Mumps, rubella, pertussis 
Scarlet fever, streptococcus pharyngitis 
Pneumonia 
Pneumonic plague 
meningococcal sepsis 
Influenza
40
Q

Airborne precautions aka

A

Isolation precautions

41
Q

Airborne precautions are required for…

A

Varicella, rubeola, and TB

42
Q

Patients if leaving room and are on droplet precautions should…

A

wear a mask

43
Q

Active acquired immunity

A

Immunization

44
Q

How will the nurse know the patient understands?

A

Teach back

45
Q

Disinfect reusable equipment at home with…

A

10% chloride bleach AFTER using soap and water

46
Q

Used to protect patients with compromised immune systems

A

Protective isolation

47
Q

Communicable disease for which federal isolation and quarantine are required…

A

Cholera, diphtheria, TB, plague, viral hemorrhagic fever, SARS, influenza, smallpox, yellow fever

48
Q

Process used to destroy all microorganisms including spores

A

Sterilization

49
Q

Physical sterilization methods

A

steam, boiling water, dry heat, and radiation

50
Q

Chemical sterilization methods

A

Gasses or solutions

51
Q

Prepackaged sterile containers must be…

A

Undamaged and not expired

52
Q

Disinfections kills all microorganisms except

A

spores

53
Q

Disinfection agents include…

A

Germicidal agents or antiseptic agents

Fundamentals I (10 decks)

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