Infectious Causes of Diarrhea by Species or Age Flashcards
(22 cards)
why are neonates more susceptible to pathogens?
immature mucosal barrier
increased susceptibility to enteric pathogens
what are some causes of infectious diarrhea in calves less than 3 weeks old?
enterotoxigenic E. coli
rotavirus
coronavirus
Cryptosporidium
Salmonellosis
what causes winter dysentery?
coronavirus
what are the main pathogens of nursery piglets (6-8 weeks)?
Enterotoxigenic E. coli
Rotaviral infection
transmissible gastroenteritis virus
what are some infectious causes of diarrhea in foals?
rotavirus, coronavirus
Clostridium perfringens A or C
Clostridium difficile
Salmonellosis
Lawsonia intracellularis
Rhodococcus equi
parasites
what does Rhodococcus equi cause in the lungs?
pyogranulomas
what does Rhodococcus equi cause in the gastrointestinal tract?
ulcerative pyogranulomas over the GALT and in mesenteric lymph nodes
what are some causes of infectious diarrhea in adult horses?
salmonella
Clostridium difficile
Coronavirus
potomac horse fever
what are the agents of potomac horse fever?
Neorickettsia risticii
Neorickettsia finleia
how does equine prolferative enteropathy cause osmotic diarrhea?
epithelial proliferation: malabsorption due to poorly formed villi
what makes a neonate’s mucosal barrier immature?
decreased gastric acid
decreased proteolytic activity
decreased mucus production
decreased IgA production
what pathogens cause necrohemorrhagic/fibronecrotic enteritis/enterocolitis?
parvovirus
bovine viral diarrhea/mucosal disease
salmonella
clostridia
coccidia
what pathogens cause villus atrophy?
rotavirus
coronavirus
cryptosporidium
what pathogens impact swine of all ages?
transmissible gastroenteritis virus
porcine epidemic diarrhea virus
salmonellosis
swine dysentery
what happens when Rhodococcus equi is coughed up and swallowed?
enter intestinal M cells overlying GALT
ulcerative pyogranulomas over GALT and in mesenteric lymph nodes
how do horses geet exposed to potomac horse fever (Neorickettsia risticii and N. finleia)?
consuming infected snails of aquatic insects
what lesions does potomac horse fever cause?
congestion, petechiae, edema in cecum and colon with mild mucosal erosions/ulcers
what is the clinical relevance of equine proliferative enteropathy?
marked hypoproteinemia
what is clostridial enteritis like in dogs?
young, small dogs
peracute hemorrhagic gastroenteritis: bloody diarrhea, vomiting, hemoconcentration
hemorrhagic necrosis in GI mucosa
what are the causes of infectious diarrhea in kittens/cats?
feline parvovirus panleukopenia virus
feline enteric coronavirus
bacterial enteritis uncommon
what cells does feline parvovirus/panleukopenia virus infect?
rapidly dividing cells: crypts, bone marrow, cerebellum
can feline parvovirus/panleukopenia virus cause cerebellar hypoplasia?
yes: rare
