Infectious Diarrhoea

Question 1

Gastroenteritis is classified as

Answer 1

Three or more loose stools/day

Question 2

Dysentery is classified as

Answer 2

Large bowel inflammation with bloody stools

Question 3

What is most common food borne pathogen

Answer 3

Campylobacter

Question 4

Which bacteria causes travellers diarrhoea

Answer 4

Enterotoxigenic E Coli

Question 5

What happens to CAMP Levels and CI Secretion in Cholera

Answer 5

Increases

Question 6

Mechanism of Diarrhoea in Cholera (3)

Answer 6

Increased Camp
Loss of CI, NA and K
Loss of Water from Gut

Question 7

Hyponatraemia in Infective Diarrhoea why

Answer 7

Sodium loss with fluid replacement by hypotonic solutions

Question 8

Hypokalaemia in Infective Diarrhoea why

Answer 8

Loss of K in Stool

40-80mmol of K in Stools

Question 9

How to test for E coli in infective diarrhoea

Answer 9

Haemolysis Blood Count

Question 10

Treatment of Gastro-Enteritis (2)

Answer 10

• Oral rehydrate with salt/sugar solution

- iv saline

Question 11

Campylobacter Gastroenteritis Incubation period

Answer 11

7 Days

Question 12

Campylobacter Gastroenteritis stools negative within

Answer 12

6 weeks

Question 13

What infections can follow Campylobacter Gastroenteritis

Answer 13

Guillian Barre Syndrome

Reactive Arthritis

Question 14

Which bacteria most common causes campolybacter

Answer 14

C Jejuni

Question 15

When is symptom onset after salmonella gastroenteritis

Answer 15

<48 hours after exposure

Question 16

salmonella gastroenteritis how long does diarrhoea usually last

Answer 16

<10 days

Question 17

Post salmonella gastroenteritis which infection is common

Answer 17

Irritable Bowel

Question 18

which bacteria in salmonella (3)

Answer 18

s enterica
s bongori
s typhimurium

Question 19

E Coli 0157 is characterised by

Answer 19

Frequent Bloody Stools

Question 20

E coli produces what toxin

Answer 20

Shiga Toxin

Question 21

What happens to E Coli 0157 toxin

Answer 21

stays in gut but toxin gets into blood

Question 22

E Coli 0157 toxin can cause

Answer 22

hemolytic-uraemic (HUS) syndrome (haemolytic anaemia and renal failure)

Question 23

hemolytic-uraemic (HUS) syndrome characterised by

Answer 23

renal failure, haemolytic anaemia and thrombocytopenia

Question 24

Treatment for HUS

Answer 24

Not Antibiotics

Question 25

most common cause of acute renal failure in children

Answer 25

hemolytic-uraemic (HUS) syndrome

Question 26

hemolytic-uraemic (HUS) syndrome related to which bacteria

Answer 26

E Coli 0157

Question 27

hemolytic-uraemic (HUS) syndrome features (5)

Answer 27

``` Abdo Pain Bloody Diarrhoea Fever Seizures Lethargy ```

Question 28

hemolytic-uraemic (HUS) syndrome can lead to what three complications (3)

Answer 28

1. Microangiopathic Haemolytic Anaemia (Schistocytes) 2. Thrombocytopenia 3. Renal Insufficiency

Question 29

What is the difference between E Coli 0157 and other E Coli's

Answer 29

E Coli 0157 is sorbitol fermenting

Question 30

Which bacteria can be caught from re-fried rice

Answer 30

Bacillus Cereus

Question 31

which bacteria can be caught from undercooked meat

Answer 31

clostridium perfringens

Question 32

When are antibiotics indicated in gastroenteritis (3)

Answer 32

1. Immunocompromised 2. Severe Sepsis 3. Malignancy

Question 33

C Diff produces which bacterias

Answer 33

Enterotxin and Cytotxin

Question 34

How to treat C Diff (4)

Answer 34

1. Metronidazole 2. Oral Vancomycin 3. Fidaxomicin 4. Stool transplant

Question 35

Which antibiotics to avoid in c diff (4)

Answer 35

Cephalosporin Co Amoxiclav Clindamycin Ciprofloxacin

Question 36

If 2 or more severity markers in C Diff which tablet to use to treat

Answer 36

Oral vancomycin

Question 37

How to treat Protozoa eg Giardias Duodenalis

Answer 37

Metronidazole

Question 38

How is rotavirus diagnosed

Answer 38

Antigen detection in stool

Question 39

how is norovirus diagnosed

Answer 39

PCR