Infectious Diseases Flashcards
(134 cards)
1
Q
Syphilis features
A
1-Painless ulcer, sharp border
2- systemic symptoms: fevers, lymphadenopathy
rash on trunk, palms and soles
buccal ‘snail track’ ulcers (30%)
warty lesions on genitalia
3-gummas, cardio and neuro
2
Q
Tx of syphillis
A
IM benzathine Penicillin
3
Q
Features of Hep A
A
Hepatosplenomegaly
Fatigue
Jaundice
Faecal-oral- shellfish
4
Q
Dx of chlamydia
A
NAAT
5
Q
Causes of cold sores
A
HSV1
6
Q
Tx of malaria
A
Non falciparum- Chloroquine
Mild falciparum- ACT (artesunate + another)
Severe- IV artesunate
when parasite >2%
7
Q
Tx of TB
A
Rifampicin- 6m
Isoniazid- 6m
Pyrazidamide-2m
Ethambutol -2m
8
Q
SE of TB treatment
A
R- orange
I- peripheral neuropathy- give with pyridoxine
P- Hepato
Ethambutol- visual
9
Q
Painless ulcer and painful lymphadenopathy
A
Lymphgranuloma verenum
If progress to proctoclitis- becomes painful
MSM
10
Q
Mx of lymphgranuloma venerum
A
Doxyclycline
11
Q
Painful ulcer and lymph
A
Haemophilus Ducreyi
12
Q
Cause of tonsillitis and impetigo
A
Strep Pyogenes
13
Q
Sx of typhoid fever
A
Constipated
Bradycardia
Anorexia
Rose spots
14
Q
Tx of typhoid fever
A
Ciproflox
PO azithromycin
15
Q
Ix of typhoid
A
Blood culture
16
Q
Dengue fever Sx
A
Primary
Headache- retro orbital
Sunburn rash
Secondary
Hypotension
17
Q
Ix of Dengue
A
PCR viral antigen
18
Q
Bulls eye rash
A
Lyme disease
19
Q
Organism of lyme disease
A
Borrella burgdoferi
20
Q
Mx of lyme
A
Doxycycline
21
Q
Rapidly worsening cellulitis with extreme tenderness
A
Necrotiising fascitis
22
Q
RF of necrotising fascitits
A
DM
Skin traum a
SGLT2
23
Q
Mx of nec fasc
A
Debridement and Abx
24
Q
Nec Fascitis in perineum
A
Fouriners
25
Tetanus treatment rules
If had 5 doses in <10 years
None required
If >10 years or unsure on vaccines- reinforce vacccine
High risk wound- immunoglobulin
But if had vaccines no need for IG or vaccine
26
Toxoplasmosis Treatment
No treatment unless immunocomprimised
If you are- pyrimethamine plus sulphadiazine for at least 6 weeks
27
Tx of toxoplasmosis in HIV/IC
Pyrimethamine plus sulphadiazine 6w
28
Sx of toxoplasmosis in IC
Cerebral lesions
Headache confusion, drowse
29
If HIV + and CD4 <200 what is the treatment
Co-trimoxazole
HAART
30
Ix of HIV
ELISA
If needlestick
p24 antigen and AB testing in 4 weeks and in 3 months
31
Sx of HIV
Seroconversion- fever, oral ulcers, diarrhoea, sore throat, maculapapular rash
Then AIDS
32
Mx of HIV
ART- 2x NRTI and either protease inhibitor or NNRTI
33
Ix for chlamydia and gonorrhoea
Vulvo-vaginal swabs for NAAT
34
When to send for MSU for UTI
If associated with visible or non visible haematuria
Aged >65
35
Urine dip is positive in an asymptomatic catheterised patient what do you do
Do not treat
36
Which pneumonia occurs after influenza
Staph aureus
37
What can cause false negative Mantoux test
Steroids
Sarcoid
Lymphoma
AIDS
38
Sx of leptospirosis
Conjunctivitis - subconjunctival haemorrhage
Hepatitis
Work in sewer
Dx with serology
LEP
Legs/liver, eyes
39
Dx of Hepatitis
Serology
40
How long after exposure should you test for HIV
4 weeks
If needlestick
p24 antigen and AB testing in 4 weeks and in 3 months
41
Drug that makes you prone to sunburn
Doxycycline
42
Tx of schistosomiasis
Praziquantel
43
Tx of HAP
<5d of admission- Co amox
>5d- tazoscin
44
Dx of legionella disease
Urinary antigen
45
Tx of trichomonad vaginalis
Protoza
Metronidazole
46
Tx of chlamydia in pregnancy
Azithromycin, amoxicillin
47
First and second line for tx of MRSA
Vancomycin
Linezolid
48
Hydatid cyst sx
Daughter cysts
Asymptomatic
RUQ pain hepatomegaly
49
Ix of hydatid cysts
USS
Then CT abdo
50
Hep B serology
HBsAg- acute infection
HBsAB- previous/vaccinated
HBcAg- chronic
HBcAB- prev infection
51
Ix for schistosomiasis
Stool and urine culture
52
Ix of herpes
NAAT
53
Mx of rabies exposure
Immunoglobins and vaccination
54
How long should PEP be taken for
28 days
Must be taken before 72 hours
55
PEP for hepatitis
Hep B- +- vaccine if responder, globing and vaccine if non
C- monthly PCR
56
Bloody diarrhoea and liver abcess
Entamoeba histolytica
57
What to do if immunocompromised and exposed to varicella
Send for antibodies
If no- VZIG
58
Tx of Lyme
Grasp tick as close to skin
Doxy only if symptomatic
59
HIV seroconversion
3-12 weeks
Flu like symptoms
60
Leishmaniasis sx
Return from south/Central America
Ulcers
61
Live attenuated vaccines
BUMPY
BCG
Typhoid
MMR
Polio oral
Yellow fever
62
Tx of Jarish herxheimer reaction
Paracetamol
63
Orchitis testing
NAAT- younger STI
Older- MSU- married and 50 only partner
64
Organism in older orchitis
E coli
65
Syphilis testing
Non treponemal- not that specific
Treponemal- specific
So if + non and neg specific- false positive
66
Tx of gonnorhea if dont want needles
Cefixime and azithromycin
67
BV organism
Gardnerella vaginalis
68
Organism causing chronic wound infections
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
69
MRSA tx
Vancomycin
70
Tx of bacterial meningitis >50
Cef + amox
71
When does PCP occur in HIV
CD4 <200
72
Visualisiation of crytpococus
India ink
73
If tetanus sx
Give IM IG
74
When should syphillus reinfection be treated
If RPR rises by 4x
75
Features suggestive of gas gangrene
Bubbles in tissue in x ray
Crepitus
Foul smelling
C perfringens
76
Features of each stage of syphillis
Primary- painless ulcer
Secondary- systemic- fevers, rash on trunk, warts on genitalia
Tertiary- gummas- granulomas on skin/bones, Ascending AA, paralysis
77
Ix of latent TB
Mantoux test
78
Erysipleas tx
FLuclox
79
Men with suspected UTI tx order
MSU before ABx
Then ABx 7 d
80
Complications of gonnorheoa
Males- urethral stricture
Females- PID, bartholin abcess
81
If skin peeling on palms and soles, hypotensive, fever
Staph toxic shock syndrome
Maybe says started period in last couple of days
82
Cause of false negative mantoux
Sarcoid
Lymphoma
AIDS
Steroids
83
Toxoid vaccines
Diptheria
Rabies
Tetanus
84
Inactivated vaccines
Influenza
Hep A
Rabies
85
Vaccine for IVDU
Hep B
86
Vaccine for those spending time with people who live in Asia
BCG
87
Infection causing pain, bloating and floating stools
Giardia
Resolves in 2-5 weeks
Malabsorption of Vit A, B12, iron, lipids
88
Hep genetics
All RNA apart from Hep B
89
What needs to be measured before starting terbinafine
LFTs
90
What needs to be measured before starting RIPE
U+E, LFT, vision, FBC
91
Best way to assess response to Hep C tx
Viral load
92
Test for eradication of H pylori
Urea Breath test
93
What can C diff cause
Toxic megacolon
94
Vaccines for hep
A and b
None for c d e
95
Ix of Lyme disease
Antibody titre
96
Cause of Kaposi sarcoma
HHV 8
97
Fever, spasm, dysphagia, IVDU
Tetanus
98
Most common cause of diarrhoea in HIV
Crytosporidium
99
Sx of Lyme disease
FACE
Facial palsy
Arthritis
Carditis
Erythema migrans
100
Most common organism for central line infections
Staph epidermis
101
Common SE of vancomycin and what to do
Red man syndrome- flushed
Stop it until sx stopped and then re start
102
Clumsiness and irritable with low CD4 and PML shown
JC virus
103
HPV causing cervical cancer
16, 18
104
Disseminated gonnorheoa sx
Tenosynovitis
Polyarthritis
Dermatitis
105
Grey membrane on tonsils
Diptheria
106
Tx of MRSA if positive on screening swab
Nasal mupirocin and chlorhexidine
107
Mx of campylobacter
Usually self limiting
Clarithromycin is severe
108
Cellulitis in pregnancy with penicillin allergy
Erythromycin
109
Viral meningitis causes
Coxsackievirus
110
Examples of HIV drugs
NRTI- zidovudine, tenoforvir
Protease- navir is a pro
Gravir- interphase
111
If diagnosed with TB what further test should you do on them
HIV
112
If treponema test positive and non treponomal negative what is the dx
Successful treated syphillis
113
Tx of genital warts
Multiple non keratinised- topical podophyllum
Solitary keritonised- cryotherapy
114
What causes genital warts
HPV 6+11
115
Most appropriate Ix for lyme disease
Blood test for serology
ELISA
116
Tx of sinusitis with fever and high HR
Phenoxymethylpenicillin
117
Tx of prostatitis and pyelo
Prostatitis- Quinilone cirpo or trimethoprim
Pyelo- Cef or quinilones- cirpo
118
Severe cellulitis tx or near eye/nose
Co amox
119
Dx of strep vs EBV
Monospot- EBV
Anti Strep O titre- Strep
120
Tx of chlamydia in pregnancy with penicillin allergy
Erythromycin
121
Recurrent UTIs following sexual intercourse tx
Prophylactic abs after sex
122
Usual treatment of bloody diarrhoea and fever
Cipro
123
Causes of false positive syphillis
with Syphillis Sometimes mistakes happen
SLE, TB, malaria, HIV
124
Chagas disease
South America trip
Trypanosoma chancre - painless subcutaneous nodule at site of infection
intermittent fever
enlargement of posterior cervical lymph nodes
Must do ECG for myopathy
125
Tx of ameobasis
Metronidazole
126
Yellow fever sx
Ill initially - brief remission in between
Jaundice
Bradycardia
High fevers
127
Growth of gram positive in chains
Strep pyogenes
128
Infection that doesn't get Better with correct AB
Abscess or collection
129
Giadia vs amoeba vs pyogenic liver abcess
Giardia- long incubation, steathorrea, no liver abcess
Amoeba- liver abcess, diarrhoea
Pyogenic- abcess, no diarrhoea
130
Gonorrheoa and chlamydia negative but purulent penile discharge dx
Mycoplasm genitalia
131
If on doxorubicin/cyclo and fever what should you do
Treat for neut sepsis
IV tazoscin
132
IVDU with lymphadenopathy, pharyngeal oedema, erythema on floor of mouth and stridor
Ludwig angina
Cellulitis of floor of mouth
133
Mens with UTI mx
MSU and Nitro 7d
134
Sx of malaria
Severe- >2% on film
Cyclical fevers- falci- 48 hours so 1 day off fever, AFRICA
Jaundice
Anaemia
Neuro involvement
non falciparium- Asia, cyclical fever
P malaria- 2 days off fever
