Infectious diseases Flashcards
(39 cards)
Neonate with poor feeding and lethargy, suspect….
neonatal sepsis
JACL PT
-jaundice, abnormal WBC count (high or low), CNS (lethargy, irritable, apnea), left shift (bandemia), poor feeding, temp instability (fever or hypothermia)
neonate with hypothermia, lethargy, poor feeding. What is the order of treatment/diagnostic steps
- take blood, urine, CSF cultures first
- empiric antibiotics: ampicillin (listeria), gentamycin (Gm -), enterococci until cultures return
-if neonate is acutely ill, admin antibiotics first
Encapsulated bacteria
Please-pseudomonas
SHINE-strep pneumo, h flu, influenza, neisseria, e.coli
my
SKiS-salmonella, klebsiella, strep group b
sickle cell pt with fever, chills.
- diagnosis
- what is the likely bug
- RX
sepsis
Encapsulated: esp strep pneumo (even when vaccinated)
RX: penicillin+always take penicillin prophylaxis
Kid develops a maculopapular rash a week after receiving the MMR vaccine
live attenuated vaccine type measles=does not equal wild type measles
- milder form, still contagious so avoid contact with immunocomp people
- RX: self-limited, reassurance
papular lesion+ipsilateral lymphadenopathy+cat exposure
Bartonella
rx: macrolide (azithromycin)
LAD in the RLQ+abdominal pain
Mesenteric adenitis
-salmonella-contact with turtles
-yersenia
-
bacterial sinusitis #1 predisposing risk factor
viral URI
kid with rhinorrhea, cough, congestion for 10 days followed by prurulent discharge…
viral infection that led to bacterial sinusitis
- viral illness causes mucosal inflamm preventing ciliary clearance
- Rx: amoxicillin+clavulonate
swelling anterior to the ears that obscures the angle of the mandible…..
parotitis
- Mumps
- -parortitis, orchitis, aseptic meningitis, otalgia (ear pain)
complications of otitis media
facial n. palsy
mastoiditis
Cat bites vs Cat scratches
- organism
- rx
cat bite-pasteurella, treat with amoxicillin clavulonate
cat scratch-bartonella, treat with macrolide (azithromycin)
meningitis+petechial rash
Neisseria meningitides
acute otitis media vs serous otitis media
acute otitis media
-acute inflamm signs: fever, bulging tympanic membrane
serous otitis media
- no acute inflamm signs (no bulging TM), no fever
- effusions
tetracyclines should be avoided in kids under age
under age 8 and pregnant women
peds drug of choice for lyme disease
amoxicillin or cefuroxime
-avoid tetracyclines under 8 yrs of age bc of risk of teeth discoloration
4 yo girl with vaginal and anal pruritis at night
Entomeba vermicularis
- Dx: tape test on anus
- RX: albendazole or pyrantel pamoate
girl with vaginal and anal pruritis throughout the day and night, bleeding, ecchymosis
lichen sclerosis
-thinning skin
-
baby with hypoplastic nails and digits
fetal hydantoin syndrome-phenytoin teratogen
kid with history of neglect, abuse now in adopted and doesn’t respond emotionally to them
reactive attachment disorder
- kid with hx of neglect, institutionalization, many foster homes
- seldom seek comfort and don’t respond when caregivers give comfort to them
when are arterial lines used
arterial lines
- BP monitoring
- Drawing for labs
- NOT FOR: fluid resuscitation
discuss the types of IV lines that can be used for emergency fluid resuscitation
#1 peripheral IV line #2 interosseus (IO) line - big bones i.e. tibia-->advantage, it's away from the sternum (in case of cv resusc) -contraindications: cellulitis over the area, fracture, bone fragility (osteogenesis imperfecta)
primary amenorrhea causes
- no uterus:
- yes have a uterus
no uterus: do a karyotype
-mullerian agenesis: normal female testosterone levels,
46 XX
-androgen insensitivity syndrome:male testost levels,
46XY
yes have uterus: do pelvic ultrasound to rule out GU anatomy issues
-turners syndrome
teenage girl who is anemic loses her period. why
calorie restriction=functional hypothalamic amenorrhea–>(-) hpo axis–>dec LH, FSH,
