Inflammation & tissue repair Flashcards
(19 cards)
What are the two types of inflammation
Acute and Chronic
Symptoms of inflammation
Redness
Heat
Pain
Swelling
Loss of function
what are the physiological state for each symptom?
-heat = increased blood flow
-pain = damaged tissue is stretched & nerve endings
-oedema = increased permeability of capillaries so shift of fluid from plasma to interstitial spaces, followed by movement of plasma proteins
what is the name of the white blood cell in the early stage of inflammation
neutrophil
what are the movements of neutrophils in cellular response
margination
emigration
chemotaxis
phagocytosis
what is the rhyme for movement of neutrophils
mum eats crispy peppers
What happens following inflammation
Cell debris is removed by phagocytic cells and wound healing can occur
What are the two components of acute inflammation
Vascular Response and Cellular Response
What is vascular response?
capillaries vasodilate and increased blood flow to injury and increased permeability to allow nutrients and fluids to wound
What is cellular response?
Neutrophils move to the site of inflammation where they destroy bacteria
what is margination
movement of neutrophils towards endothelial (blood vessel) surface
what is emigration
neutrophils stick to endothelial surface and move until a gap in capillary wall is available
what is chemotaxis
movement of neutrophils to site of inflammation attracted by chemicals released by the inflamed area
phagocytosis
engulfing and destruction of bacteria
where are blood vessels located in the skin?
in the dermis
why is an adequate blood supply necessary for healing?
blood brings oxygen, nutrients and white blood cells to area
list 2 factors which can promote healing
good nutritional status, young age, small superficial wound, appropriate wound care
list 2 factors that can delay healing
poor blood supply, chronic disease, malnutrition, infection
identify 3 possible complications of healing and examples of location
insufficient scar tissue - poor general health of individual
too much scar tissue - keloid. where production of granulation tissue isn’t switched off and excessive tissue is produced resulting in raised scars
excessive contraction - where the normal actions of myofibroblasts result in an area of reduced flexibility. causes reduced joint movement.
