Infusion Therapy

Question 1

isotonic osmolarity

Answer 1

270-300

Question 2

hypertonic serum osmolarity

Answer 2

over 300

Question 3

hypotonic osmolarity

Answer 3

under 270

Question 4

isotonic infusate

Answer 4

water does not move in or out of cells

Question 5

isotonic infusate causes risk for

Answer 5

fluid overload

Question 6

hypertonic infusate

Answer 6

move water out of cell into bloodstream

Question 7

use of hypertonic infusate

Answer 7

correct fluid, electrolyte, acid base imbalances

Question 8

hypotonic infusate

Answer 8

move water into cells and expand them

Question 8

if osmolarity is above 600 it is best infused

Answer 8

in central circulation for hemodilution

Question 9

TPN osmolarity

Answer 9

over 1400

Question 10

TPN infusate

Answer 10

never infused in periphery due to damage of blood cells and linings

Question 11

isotonic solutions

Answer 11

.9% saline, D5W, lactated ringers

Question 12

hypotonic solutions

Answer 12

.45% saline, D5LR

Question 13

hypertonic solutions

Answer 13

D10W, D5/.9%NS, D5/.45%NS

Question 14

blood transfusions include

Answer 14

packed RBCs, platelets, plasma, albumin, clotting factors

Question 15

fluid prescription requirements

Answer 15

type, rate of admin, dilution, compatibility,

Question 16

drug prescription requirements

Answer 16

name, dose, route, frequency, timing, length of infusion, purpose

Question 17

VAD (short peripheral catheters): location/placement

Answer 17

superficial veins of hand/arm in central circulation in junction w right atrium

Question 18

complaints of VAD (short peripheral catheters)

Answer 18

tingling, pins and needles, numbness due to nerve puncture

Question 18

VAD (short peripheral catheters) dwell time

Answer 18

only take out for clinical indications

Question 19

veins cannot be used in pt with

Answer 19

mastectomy, lymph node dissection, lymphedema, paralysis of upper extremities, dialysis

Question 19

midline catheter

Answer 19

3-8 inch double or single lumen

Question 20

midline catheter location

Answer 20

vein in upper arm

Question 21

midline catheter use

Answer 21

hydration and drug therapy for 6-14 days

Question 22

midline catheter DO NOT USE FOR

Answer 22

vesicant drugs, parenteral nutrition w low dextrose, solutions about 600, blood drawing

Question 23

PICC

Answer 23

18-29 inch single, double, triple lumens

Question 24

PICC use

Answer 24

long term TPN, vasopressors, antibiotics, blood drawing

Question 25

power PICC

Answer 25

used for contrast injections and attach to transducers for CVP monitor

Question 26

PICC teaching

Answer 26

no physical activity/heavy lifting

Question 27

PICC complications

Answer 27

infection, phlebitis, thrombophlebitis, CRBSI

Question 28

nontunneled percutaneous central venous catheter location

Answer 28

subclavian vein or jug vein residing the SVC, may need femoral due to high infection

Question 29

tunneled central venous catheter location

Answer 29

subcutaneous tunnel with antibiotic cuff to reduce infection

Question 30

tunneled central venous catheter use

Answer 30

long term frequent infusion therapy

Question 31

implanted ports location

Answer 31

subcutaneous pocket in upper chest or extremity

Question 32

port teaching

Answer 32

flushed after each use and at least once a month

Question 33

implanted port use

Answer 33

chemo long term therapy

Question 34

hemodialysis catheter

Answer 34

only for hemodialysis or pheresis

Question 35

complications of hemodialysis catheter

Answer 35

CRBSi, vein thrombosis

Question 36

change parenteral tubing every

Answer 36

24 hrs

Question 37

change lipid tubing every

Answer 37

12 hrs

Question 38

change blood tubing every

Answer 38

4 hrs

Question 39

infiltration

Answer 39

leak of IV solution into tissues

Question 40

extravasation

Answer 40

escape of fluids/drugs into subcut tissue

Question 41

phlebitis

Answer 41

inflammation of a vein

Question 42

speed shock

Answer 42

fluid going in too fast causing chest tightness and irregular pulses

Question 43

allergic reactions to IV therapy

Answer 43

itchy, red, blotchy, throat tightness