Nutrition

Question 1

nutrition goals for nurses

Answer 1

provide balanced nutrition plan the patient will agree and adhere to

Question 2

nutritional assessment

Answer 2

wt, ht, BMI, skin folds, full nutrition assesment

Question 3

weigthts

Answer 3

at consistent times in light clothing, ask about recent gain or loss

Question 4

plasma protein tests for

Answer 4

protein or iron deficiencies along with hemoglobin, hematocrit, albumin

Question 4

height

Answer 4

have pt stand up straight using a measuring stick

Question 5

protein metabolism test is

Answer 5

24 hr urine test (BUN) where elevated levels show excess breakdown of body tissue

Question 6

immune system integrity tests

Answer 6

determine lymphocyte count

Question 7

skeletal system integrity

Answer 7

status of bone integrity, osteoperosis indication, vit D/calc deficiencies and bone breakdown

Question 8

GI function tests use

Answer 8

radiographs to detect peptic ulcer disease, assess absorption and BMR

Question 9

dietary history includes

Answer 9

usual intake, current intake, restrictions, modifications, allergies, vitamins, activity

Question 10

alopicia/hair loss can be a deficiency of

Answer 10

zinc or protein

Question 11

nosebleeds is a deficiency of

Answer 11

vitamin K

Question 12

eye dryness is a deficiency of

Answer 12

vitamin A

Question 13

dry scaly skin is a deficiency of

Answer 13

vitamin C

Question 14

subcutanous fat loss, edema, muscle wasting is a deficiency of

Answer 14

protein

Question 15

leukopenia is a deficiency of

Answer 15

copper

Question 16

cardiac dysrhythmias is a defiency of

Answer 16

magnesium

Question 17

anemia is a deficiency of

Answer 17

B12

Question 18

nutrition diagnosis

Answer 18

involved identifying nutrition problem

Question 19

nutrition intervention

Answer 19

food and nutrient delivery, education, counseling

Question 20

psychosocial assessment includes

Answer 20

economic status, occupation, education, living arrangements, mental status

Question 21

it is important to focus on nutrition for

Answer 21

pregnant women, infants and elderly as their needs increase

Question 21

optimal nutrition

Answer 21

a varied diet with balanced amounts of food groups

Question 21

nutrition reflects

Answer 21

the balance between nutrient requirements and intake

Question 22

undernutrition

Answer 22

less than desired amounts of nutrients that limits immune system and mental capacity

Question 22

underweight BMI

Answer 22

under 18.5

Question 23

normal BMI

Answer 23

18.5-24.9

Question 24

overweight BMI

Answer 24

25-29.9

Question 25

obese BMI

Answer 25

over 30

Question 26

malnutrition

Answer 26

deficiencies, excesses, or imbalances in intake of nutrients that includes undernutrition and obesity

Question 27

marasus (protein energy undernutrition)

Answer 27

calorie malnutrition where body fat and protein are wasted

Question 28

marasmus and type 1 diabetes

Answer 28

if body cant burn glucose, it will burn protein and fats creating little energy and waste

Question 29

kwashiorkor (protein energy undernutrition)

Answer 29

lack of protein quantity in presence of adequate calories

Question 30

starvation (protein energy undernutrition)

Answer 30

complete lack of nutrients (severe)

Question 31

undertreated PEU can lead to

Answer 31

disability and death

Question 32

physical risk factors for undernutrition in older adults

Answer 32

illness, constipation, decreased appetite, dentition, drugs, dry mouth, pain, eyesight

Question 33

failure to thrive is where 3 or more of these symptoms must be present

Answer 33

weakness, slow walking speed, low exercise, unintentional weight loss, exhaustion

Question 34

psychosocial risk factors for undernutrition

Answer 34

functional decline, decrease enjoyment of meals, depression, income, loneliness, transport

Question 35

complications of undernutrition

Answer 35

wt loss, impaired protein synthesis, decreased muscle mass and CO, lethargy, poor wound healing, cold intolerance, cachexia

Question 36

lab assessments for nutrition

Answer 36

hemoglobin, hematocrit, transferrin, albumin, thyroxine pre albumin, cholesterol, WBC

Question 37

improving nutrition inlcudes

Answer 37

supplements, treating pain, meal management, mouth care, feed themselves, vitamins, TEN

Question 38

Total enteral nutrition

Answer 38

used GI tract through oral or tube feedings and is the easiest method

Question 39

total parenteral nutrition

Answer 39

does not use GI tract, use IV route through central line (PICC)

Question 40

peripheral parenteral nutrition

Answer 40

IV route through peripheral vein but is not total nutrition

Question 41

indications for total enteral nutrition: pt who

Answer 41

can eat but cant maintain good nutrition, permanent neuromuscular impairment and cant swallow, no impairment but critcially ill and cannot eat

Question 42

nasogastric tube (nasoenteric)

Answer 42

goes in through nose and ends in stomach

Question 43

nasoduodenal tube (nasoenteric tube)

Answer 43

instead of ending in stomach it bypass and ends in duodenum

Question 44

PEG tube (enterostomal feeding)

Answer 44

surgically created hole with tube placed directly in stomach

Question 45

dual access gastronomy jejunostomy (enterostomal feeding)

Answer 45

surgically created hole with tube placed directly in jejunum

Question 46

bolus feeding

Answer 46

feeding poured into bag and hung on IV pole (given all at once)

Question 47

continuous feeding

Answer 47

pump that runs for 24 hrs

Question 48

cyclic feeding

Answer 48

using pump for 12 hrs day or night

Question 49

checking residuals

Answer 49

seeing how good digestion is with continuous feeding

Question 50

how to check residuals

Answer 50

stop feeding and pull back content with syringe noting amount, color, consistency

Question 50

signs of poor digestion

Answer 50

bloating, N/V, aspiration

Question 51

flushing nasoenteric tubes

Answer 51

after feedings and before, in btw, and after medications given

Question 52

complications of TEN

Answer 52

clogging, misplacement, abdominal distention/vomit if not absorbing, fluid electrolye imbalances w diarrhea/edema

Question 53

fluid and electrolyte imbalance with TEN will cause

Answer 53

high potassium and glucose, low sodium

Question 54

refeeding syndrome

Answer 54

sudden initiation of feeding in a malnourished person causing sudden shift in electrolytes with drops in phosphorus

Question 55

refeeding syndrome can cause

Answer 55

HF, fluid overload, death

Question 56

complications of parenteral nutrition

Answer 56

fluid imbalances from influx of water into ECF, electrolyte imbalances from nutrients, infection at IV