Inguinal Region And Hernias Flashcards
What’s a hernia
Protrusion of peritoneum (and maybe intestinal viscera)through abdominal walls.
Types of hernias
Epigastric Paraumbilical Umbilical Lumbar Spigelian Incisional Femoral Inguinal
Roof /floor of inguinal canal
TA IO
Inguinal ligament (infolding of EO aponeurosis) + lacunar ligament
Posterior/anterior of inguinal canal
TF (lateral) Conjoint tendon (medial)
Aponeurosis of EO
IO (reinforcement)
Conjoint tendon
Aponeurosis of IO and TA that inserts into pubic crest immediately behind superficial inguinal ring
Superficial inguinal ring location and borders
Immediately superior and medial to pubic tubercle
Medial and lateral crus
Deep inguinal ring location and borders
Midway of and 1 finger superior to inguinal ligament
Hole in TF
Femoral canal borders
Anterior: inguinal ligament
Posterior: pectineus
Lateral: femoral vein
Medial: lacunar ligament
Spermatic cord sheath
Innermost: TF
middle: cremasteric fascia (investing fascia of IO)
Outermost: EO aponeurosis
Inguinal/hasselbach’s triangle borders
inferior epigastric vessels
R.A.
inguinal ligament
Direct vs indirect inguinal hernia
Direct: through superficial ring
Indirect: through deep and superficial
How does the inguinal canal change as testes descend
Straight first for easy descent then it becomes obliquely displaced
How do testes descend
Start at posterior wall, outside peritoneal cavity
Gubernaculum guides it down
Infolding of peritoneum which becomes processus vaginalis whivh helps with fluid balance between testes and peritoneum
Covering of testes
Skin Campers fascia Scarpas fascia (dartos which wrinkles muscle + collies fascia) EO aponeurosis fascia IO (cremastric fascia) TA TF Peritoneum (tunica vaginalis: parietal and visceral)
