Inheritance

Question 1

What are autosomes and how many does a human have?

Answer 1

• autosomes are all the cells that arent sex chromosomes
• humans have 22 autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes

Question 2

What is homozygous dominant?

Answer 2

Having two copies of the same dominant allele

Question 3

What is homozygous recessive ?

Answer 3

Having two copies of the same recessive allele. Recessive alleles are only expressed when homozygous.

Question 4

What is heterozygous?

Answer 4

Having two different alleles. The dominant allele is expressed

Question 5

What is a genotype?

Answer 5

The combination of alleles of a gene carried by an organism.

Question 6

What is a phenotype?

Answer 6

The expression of alleles of a gene carried by an organism

Question 7

What are alleles?

Answer 7

Different versions of a gene.
Dominant alleles = capital letter
Recessive alleles = lowercase letter

Question 8

What are carriers?

Answer 8

Heterozygous carrier of a recessive disease causing allele

Question 9

How is the dominant trait represented (lower case or upper case)

Answer 9

Upper case

Question 10

What are pure breeding individuals?

Answer 10

• offsprings that have the same genetic information as the parents
• homozygous (RR or rr)

Question 11

What are hybrid individuals?

Answer 11

• offspring of crosses between parents with different traits
• heterozygous (Rr)