Inheritance II

Question 0

Somatic chromosomes

Answer 0

One chromosome from mother and one from father

Question 1

Gene

Answer 1

A small region of DNA that contains genetic information for making a protein

Question 2

Two of the same chromosome

Answer 2

Homologous pair (contain the same genes)

Question 3

Female chromosomes

Answer 3

XX

Question 4

Male chromosomes

Answer 4

XY

Question 5

Mitosis steps

Answer 5

Interphase 
Prophase 
Prometaphase 
Metaphase 
Anaphase 
Telophase
Cytokinesis 
IPPMATC

Question 6

Interphase (mitosis)

Answer 6

1st step
DNA is copied and some duplicated
Chromosomes aren’t visible

Question 7

Prophase (mitosis)

Answer 7

2nd step
Chromosomes condense
They are now visible
Consist of 2 chromatids

Question 8

Prometaphase (mitosis)

Answer 8

3rd step
Nuclear membrane disappears
Spindle fires form

Question 9

Metaphase (mitosis)

Answer 9

4th step

Chromosome align at the equator

Question 10

Anaphase (mitosis)

Answer 10

5th step

Spindle fires pull the chromatids apart to opposite ends on the cell and they are now chromosomes again

Question 11

Telophase (mitosis)

Answer 11

6th step

A new nuclear membrane formed around each set of chromosomes

Question 12

Cytokinesis (mitosis)

Answer 12

7th step

The cells start to divide and two new genetically identical daughter cells are formed

Question 13

Where does mitosis happen

Answer 13

All body cells expect sex cells

Question 14

What is the product of mitosis

Answer 14

2 genetically identical sister cells (haploid)

Question 15

What happens to the chromosome number in mitosis

Answer 15

Stays the same

Question 16

In mitosis are the parent and daughter cells the same

Answer 16

Yes

Question 17

What is the purpose of mitosis

Answer 17

Making cells for growth a repair

Question 18

What is the purpose of meiosis

Answer 18

Producing sex cells

Question 19

Where does meiosis take place

Answer 19

Sex organs

Question 20

What happens to the chromosome number in meiosis

Answer 20

It’s halved

Question 21

Are parent and daughter cells identical in meiosis

Answer 21

No

Question 22

What is the product of meiosis

Answer 22

4 diploid cells

Question 23

Interphase I (meiosis)

Answer 23

1st step

Normal diploid cells

Question 24

Interphase (meiosis)

Answer 24

2nd step | Chromosomes are copied

Question 25

Prophase I (meiosis)

Answer 25

3rd step | Homologous chromosomes pair up

Question 26

Prophase (meiosis)

Answer 26

4th step | Crossing over occurs

Question 27

Metaphase I (meiosis)

Answer 27

5th step | Chromosome pairs align at equator

Question 28

Anaphase I (meiosis)

Answer 28

6th step | Chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell

Question 29

Telophase I (meiosis)

Answer 29

7th step | New nuclear membranes around each nucleus

Question 30

Cytokinesis I (meiosis)

Answer 30

8th step | Cytoplasm divided

Question 31

Metaphase II (meiosis)

Answer 31

9th step | Chromosomes align at equator of cell

Question 32

Anaphase II (meiosis)

Answer 32

10th step | Chromatids move to opposite ends of cell

Question 33

Telophase II (meiosis)

Answer 33

11th step | New nuclear membranes are forms around each nucleus

Question 34

Cytokinesis II (meiosis)

Answer 34

12th step | The cytoplasm divides

Question 35

Name of the cell when sperm fertilises egg

Answer 35

Zygote

Question 36

How does a zygote develop into an embryo

Answer 36

Cell division

Question 37

Diploid cell

Answer 37

Cell with 2 sets of chromosomes (46- full set)

Question 38

Haploid cell

Answer 38

Cell with one set of chromosomes (23- half set)

Question 39

Advantage of meiosis

Answer 39

Allowed variation

Question 40

Genotype

Answer 40

Your genetic makeup- all of the alleles present in the cell nucleus

Question 41

Homozygous

Answer 41

2 identical alleles (BB or bb)

Question 42

Heterozygous

Answer 42

2 different alleles (Bb)

Question 43

Phenotype

Answer 43

The characteristic that is shown from a genotype

Question 44

Codominance

Answer 44

Both alleles contribute to the phenotype

Question 45

Pedigree tree

Answer 45

Family tree which records the characteristics and genotypes in a family

Question 46

Where do new alleles come from

Answer 46

Mutation

Question 47

Most mutations are

Answer 47

Harmful

Question 48

Some mutations are

Answer 48

Neutral

Question 49

Very few mutations are

Answer 49

Beneficial

Question 50

What's are the different type of mutations

Answer 50

Gene and chromosome

Question 51

What's a mutation

Answer 51

Change in genetic code

Question 52

Describe meiosis

Answer 52

Chromosomes replicate Condense Exchange genetic material Chromosomes half

Question 53

What's is cystic fibrosis

Answer 53

Cell membrane disease- need 2 recessive alleles from parents

Question 54

4 bases in DNA

Answer 54

Adeline Thymine Guanine Cytosine

Question 55

Backbone of DNA

Answer 55

Made of deoxyribose(sugar) and phosphate