Injectable Anesthetics Flashcards
(34 cards)
1
Q
Epidural Injection Complications
A
- Systemic infection
- Clotting issues
- Infected skin
2
Q
Local Anesthetics
A
- Impare nerve impluses in peripheral nerve
- No IV*
* can cause cardiac arrest or convulsions
3
Q
Telazol Routes
A
IV or IM
* rapid onset
4
Q
Alfaxalone
A
- Neuroactive steriod
- Anesthesia due to effect on GABA
- Inhibits neural impulse transmission
5
Q
Epidural Anesthesia
A
- Uses local anesthetic (lidocaine)
- Can give opioid same way for analgesia
- Effects caudal portion of body
6
Q
Lidocaine
Duration
A
- Short duration
- Rapid onset (30 sec)
7
Q
Lidocaine
with Epinephrine
A
- Slow absorption
- Increased length of action
- Increased risk of cardiac arrhythmias
8
Q
Cyclohexamine Characteristics
A
- Dissociative agent
- Antagonistic effects at NMDA receptor
- Catalepsy
- Analgesic - best when combined with opioid
9
Q
Cyclohexamine and CNS
A
- Does not depress
- May increase HR and BP
- Excitement during recovery
10
Q
Alfaxalone Route and Administration
A
- IV - no irritation if given outside vein
- Can give to sighthounds
- Rapidly eliminated
11
Q
Ketamine Effects
A
- Open, dilated eyes
- Salivation, no vomit
- Minimal respiratory depression
- Increased BP and cardiac output
12
Q
Telazol Effects
A
- High doses cause excitement and inspiratory apnea leading to hypoxia
- Good for aggressive patients
- Analgesia better than ketamine
13
Q
Propofol Effects
A
- CNS depression
- Bradycardia, decreased cardiac output, hypotension
- Respiratory depression
- Muscle twitching
14
Q
Cetacaine
A
- Topical use
- Apply to larynx to relax muscle during intubation
- Associated with Heinz body anemia
15
Q
Proparacaine
A
- Used for cornea
- Applied as drops
16
Q
Bupivicaine
A
- Used in dentristry
- Longer effect than lidocaine, but slower onset
- Can be used for epidurals
17
Q
Propofol
A
- Non-barbiturate IV induction agent
- Depresses CNS - acts on GABA
- No analgesia
- Rapid LOC
18
Q
Kitty Magic Complications
A
- CNS stimulation with catalepsy
- Irregular breathing
- Convulsions
- Hallucinations
- Can’t control anesthetic depth
19
Q
Telazol
A
- Dissociative anesthetic
- Analgesia via brain pathways interrupted
- For cats and dogs
- Schedule III
20
Q
Propofol Routes and Administration
A
- IV - minimal pain if given outside vein
- Give slowly
- 1/3 dose, wait 30 seconds
- too slow = may cause excitement
- too fast = respiratory and cardiovascular depression
21
Q
Barbiturates Use
A
- General anesthesia: fat redistribution = fast wake up
- Anticonvulsants (phenobarbital)
- Depresses CNS, beginning at cerebral cortex
22
Q
Telazol Agents
A
Water soluble, able to go IM
23
Q
Propofol Metabolism
A
- Liver = very fast
- Leads to smooth and rapid recovery
24
Q
Catalepsy
A
- Rigidy of skeletal muscles, noted in front limbs
- Reduced with sedation
- Not a sign that a patient is coming out of anesthesia
25
Kitty Magic
| DKT
* Short duration of sedation
* Given IM, combined
* Ketamine
* Torb
* Dex
26
Barbiturates
Classifications
Classification according to the duration of action
* long
* intermediate
* short
* ultra short
27
Barbiturates
| Long
* Phenobarbital Tablets
* Seizure control
* Schedule IV
28
Barbiturates
| Short
Pentobarbital
Used for
* anesthesia
* seizure control (IV)
* euthanasia*
| *Schedule II or III
29
Barbiturates
| Ultra-short
Thiopental
* suited for anesthesia induction
* schedule III
* not available
30
Clyclohexamine Classifications
Ketamine
* schedule III
31
Ketamine with Dogs
* Given IV
* Combined with diazepam
32
Stratus Epilepticus
Continual seizure
33
Ketamine with Cats
* Given IM or IV
* IM = stinging
* Violent reactions
* Reduced reaction by slowly injecting
34
Barbiturates
| Intermediate
* Secobarbital
* Limited use
