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ATE2611 > Patient History & Cephalic Region > Flashcards

Patient History & Cephalic Region Flashcards

1
Q

Distichiasis

A

Malpositioned Eyelashes

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2
Q

Blepharitis

A

Inflammation of the eyelids

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3
Q

Endomorph

A

Tend to be overweight
* ex: clumbers

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4
Q

Mesomorph

A

Muscular build
* ex: labs and other working breeds

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5
Q

Ectomorph

A

Lean body mass
* may be pathological*
* ex: greyhound

* cachexia (chronic weight loss)

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6
Q

Types of Nail Trimmers

A
  • Resco = guillotine
  • White = cat
  • Miller’s Forge = pliers
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7
Q

Body Systems

A
  • General appearance
  • Integument
  • Respiratory
  • Cardiovascular
  • Gastrointestinal
  • Genitourinary
  • Musculoskeletal
  • Neurologic
  • Special senses
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8
Q

General Appearance

A

Note
* nutritional state
* apparent age
* mental alertness
* deformities

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9
Q

Head Exam

A
  • Symmetry
  • Muscling
  • Abnormalities*

* facial paralysis, alopecia, swellings

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10
Q

Ectropion

A

Turning out of the eyelids

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11
Q

Entropion

A

Turning in of the eyelids

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12
Q

Lagophthalmos

A

Drooping of the eyelids

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13
Q

Tarsorrhaphy

A

Suturing of a portion of the upper and lower eyelids together

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14
Q

Subscleral Hemorrhage

A

Seen in cases of trauma to the eye globe

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15
Q

Cherry Eye

A

Enlargement of the lymph tissue lining

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16
Q

Hyphema

A
  • Bleeding in the anterior chamber
  • Anterior lens luxation (dislocation)
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17
Q

Fundus

A
  • Interior surface of the eye
  • Includes: Retina, Tapetum, Optic Disc
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18
Q

Keratitis Sicca

A
  • Lack of tear formation
  • Dryness due to inflammation of tear gland
  • Thick, pigmented cornea
  • Seen in dogs with chronic skin allergies or protruding eyes
19
Q

Keratitis

A
  • Inflammation of the cornea
  • Associated with dryness
  • Treatment with cyclosporin eye ointment
20
Q

Uveitis

A

Inflammation of iris and ciliary body

21
Q

Cataracts vs Sclerosis

A

Sclerosis
* beginning opacity of the lens

Cataracts
* opacity of the lens

22
Q

Proptosis

A
  • Protrusion of the eye from the socket
  • Related to trauma
  • Pekinese are predisposed
23
Q

Miosis

A

Constriction of the pupil

24
Q

Mydriasis

A

Dilation of the pupil

25
Q

Glaucoma

A

Increase of intra-ocular pressure

26
Q

Fluorescein Staining

A
  • Used to determine ulceration of the cornea
  • Retained by exposed stroma of the cornea
27
Q

Pigmentation Changes

A
  • Black to red/white
  • Occures with age
  • Can indicate autoimmune diseases
28
Q

Cheilitis

A

Inflammation of the lips

29
Q

Retinal Hemorrhage Cause

A

Commonly caused by hypertension in cats

30
Q

Ear Exudate

A
  • Discharge
  • Dark = ear mites
  • Light = bacterial or yeast infection
31
Q

Ranula

A
  • Salivary cyst
  • May be seen as a fluid-filled area under the tongue
32
Q

Anisicoria

A
  • Pupils of different sizes
  • Results from compression of the oculomotor nerve
33
Q

Tapetum

A

Portion of the eye that reflects light

34
Q

Glossitis

A

Inflammation of the tongue

35
Q

Stenosis

A
  • Reduction in size of airway
  • Seen with brachycephalic*

*inherited genetic malformation

36
Q

Schirmer Tear Test

A
  • Asses tear formation
  • Takes 1 minute
  • Normal = 10-25 mm
  • Below 10 mm = treat as dry eye
37
Q

Retinal Detachment

A
  • Emergency
  • Requires surgical correction
  • Longer left untreated, greater risk of vision loss
38
Q

Oronasal Fistula

A

Permanent opening between the nose and mouth

39
Q

Epulis

A

Benign growth in the mouth
* papilloma = wart type growth

40
Q

Periodontitis

A

Inflammation of the tissues surrounding the tooth root
* gums
* periodontal ligament
* cementum
* alveolus

41
Q

Tonopen

A
  • Used for ocular pressure exams
  • Detects pressure electronically
  • Useful for detecting glaucoma
42
Q

Fomite

A

Inanimate object that can transfer disease organisms

43
Q

Malignant Tumors

A

Tend to spread through the body
* melanoma
* fibrosarcoma
* squamous cell carcinoma

ATE2611 (12 decks)

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