INORG CHEM Flashcards
(133 cards)
1
Q
Who group/arranged the elements based on TRIADS?
A
JW DOBEREINER
2
Q
Group/arranged the elements based on PERIODS? (octaves)?
A
JOHN NEWLANDS
3
Q
Father of Modern Periodic Table
A
DMITRI MENDELEEV
4
Q
Group/arranged elements based on ATOMIC MASS/WEIGHT
A
DMITRI MENDELEEV & MAYER
5
Q
Created the Modern Periodic Table
A
HENRY MOSELY
6
Q
States that every 8th element have the same physiochemical properties when arrange according to incr. atomic weight
A
LAW OF OCTAVES
7
Q
Rule wherein elements with less than 8 e- react to achieve 8 e- to be stable
A
OCTET RULE
8
Q
Most abundant element? (nonmetal)
A
OXYGEN
9
Q
Second most abundant element (nonmetal)
A
SILICON
10
Q
MOST ABUNDANT GAS AIR
A
NITROGEN
11
Q
Most abundant noble gas
A
ARGON
12
Q
Most important physiological buffer system? (in our blood)
A
BICARBONATE - CARBONIC ACID
13
Q
What does it mean if you have high CO2 levels?
A
RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS
14
Q
What does it mean when you have low HCO3 level?
A
METABOLIC ACIDOSIS
15
Q
DOC FOR METABOLIC ACIDOSIS
A
SODIUM BICARBONATE/BAKING SODA
16
Q
What increases vit e absorption?
A
SELENIUM
17
Q
Also known as BLUWE VITRIOL
A
CuSO4 Cupric sulfate
18
Q
What color of container do we store Mg(OH)2?
A
Blue bottle
19
Q
How do we store Lithium?
A
Coated w/ petroleum or under oil
20
Q
GLASS TYPES
A
1 - highly resistant borosilicate
2 - treated soda lime glass
3 - soda lime glass
4 - gen. soda lime glass (np)
21
Q
SORPTION
A
Contents of pharmaceutical products adhere to the glass
22
Q
LEACH TESTS
A
WATER ATTACK TEST type 2
POWDER GLASS TEST type 1 & 3
23
Q
DECR. COEFFICIENT OF EXPANSION
A
BORON (as borate)
24
Q
INCR. REFRACTIVE INDEX
A
Pb
25
LITHIUM deficiencies
- Hypokalemia
- Hyponatremia
- Hypothyroidism
- Pregnancy probs (Ebstein's anomaly)
26
Antidote for Hyperkalemia by potassium
(Kayexalate) Sodium polysterene sulfonate
27
Copper toxicity
Wilson's disease (brown like skin)
28
Antidote for Copper
Penicillamine (Cuprimine)
29
Toxicity of Silver
Argyria (darkened skin)
30
Antidote for Silver toxicity
Sodium chloride/NSS
31
What causes dermatitis and glossitis?
GOLD Au
32
Antidote for Au poisoning
BAL
33
Calcium toxicity antidote
EDTA
34
Barium toxicity
BARITOSIS
35
Baritosis antidote
MgSO4
36
Zinc toxicity
Parakeratosis
37
Antidote for Zn that caused metabolic acidosis
Sodium carbonate
38
Cadmium toxicity
Itai-itai disease
39
Cadmium toxicity antidote
Ca EDTA
40
Mercury toxicities
- Minamata disease
- Pink disease
- Mad hatter's disease
41
Mercury poisoning antidotes
- Na formaldehyde sulfoxylate
- DMSA (succimer)
- Penicillamine
- Ca EDTA
42
Boric acid toxicity
Boiled lobster appearance
43
Aluminum toxicity
- Shaver's disease/bauxite pneumoconiosis
- Constipation
- Alzheimer's
44
Silicon toxicity and its antidote
Silicosis
| Alumina
45
Pb toxicity and its antidote
Plumbism/saturnism
| Ca EDTA / Ca versenate
46
Phosphorus toxicity
Acute: garlic odor, luminous vomitous, GI irritation
Chronic: bony necrosis "phossy jaw"
47
Phosphorus toxicity antidote
CuSO4 / ceric sulfate
48
Causes aldrich mee's line, garlic breath odor, luminous vomitus, hair loss, severe GI irritation
Ax. BAL/Dimercaprol
Arsenic
49
Causes green tongue
VANADIUM
50
Selenium deficiency
Keshan disease
51
Dental & skeletal fluorosis
FLUORINE
52
Antidote for BROMINE TOXICITY (brominism)
Na/NH4Cl Sodium/Ammonium chloride
53
Iodine deficiency
simple or colloid goiter
54
IODINE TOXICITY ANTIDOTE
Starch soln, Na thiosulfate, NaCl
55
Cobalt toxicity
Megaloblactic/macrocytic anemia
56
UNIVERSAL ANTIDOTE
ATM
57
Emergency tx for Hypercalcemia (IV)
| S/E: hypocalcemia rapidly develops
Disodium EDTA
58
CYANIDE ANTIDOTE KIT COMPONENT
Amyl nitrite + Na nitrite + Na thiosulfate
59
Other agents used in CN poisoning:
Methylene blue
| Hydroxocobalamin
60
Radiopharmaceutical for liver imaging & potent studied
Tc99m phytate
61
Radiopharmaceutical for hepato biliary studies
Tc99m IDA
62
Na iodohippurate
diagnosis of liver function
63
Tc99m heptagluconate
Kidney imaging & renal function determination
64
Radiopharmaceutical for myocardial perfusion agen
Tc99m sestamibi/methoxy isobutyl isonitrite
65
Tc99m pertechnetate
Thyroid scanning
66
Tc99m etidronate/phosphonates
bone imaging
67
Radiopharmaceutical for lung scanning
Tc99m macroaggregated albumin
68
Se75 selenomethionine
Dx of pancreatic tumors
69
PEWTER ALLOY COMPOSITION
20% Pb 80% Sn
70
BABBIT ALLOY COMPOSITION
20% Sb 80% Sn
71
TYPE METAL ALLOY COMPOSITION
50% Pb, 25% Sn, 25% Sb
72
ROSE METAL ALLOY COMPOSITION
25% Pb, 25% Sn, 50% Bi
73
Most reactive group in the periodic table (seldom found free in nature)
GROUP 1A
74
Lightest element 1g/mol
HYDROGEN
75
ISOTOPES OF HYDROGEN
Protium - mot abundant
Deuterium - heavy
Tritium - radioactive
76
INDUSTRIAL USES OF HYDROGEN
```
Haber process (NH3 formation
Oil hydrogenation (margarine production
Gas carrier
```
77
Lightest metal
LITHIUM
78
DOC FOR MANIA OR BPD
LITHIUM
79
1st element discovered by use of spectrometer
CESIUM
80
Spirit of hartshorn
Strong ammonia soln/water
81
Spirit of sal volatile
Aromatic ammonia spirit
82
9.5-10.5% NH3 for neutralizing insects/jelly stings
Dilute ammonia soln
83
Only reddish metal
COPPER
84
Element which is has oligodynamic/germicidal action
SILVER
85
7.5-8.5% ENT germicide
Strong Ag proteinate/Protargol
86
Other name for Colloidal AgCl
Lunosol
87
Used to dissolve GOLD
Aqua regia
| Selenic acid
88
Colloidal gold w/ stannic
Purple of cassius
89
MOST TOXIC METAL
Beryllium
90
Lightest of all structurally important metals
MAGNESIUM
91
A GRIGNARD RGT
Magnesium
92
SOURCES OF MAGNESIUM
Mg silicate
Mg carbonate
Mg silicate
93
SOURCES OF CALCIUM
```
Apatite
Fluorite
Phosphate rock
Dolomite
Gypsum
```
94
Uses of CALCIUM
Muscle contractant
Blood coagulation factor
Release of neurotransmitter
95
PROCESSES THAT CALCIUM UNDERGO AND ITS PRODUCT
- Calcination (by heat ) > LIME CaO
- Slaking (addition of H2O) > slaked lime
- Carbonation (addition of CO2) > CaCO3
96
SOURCE OF MERCURY
Cinnabar (Aethrop's mineral)
97
USES OF MERCURY
- Antiseptic
- Antisyphilitic
- Parasiciticide
- Fungicide
- Diuretic
- Cathartic
98
SOURCE OF ALUMINUM
Cryolite
99
USES OF ALUMINUM
- Astringent
| - Antiperspirant; deo
100
Metal that is solid @ room temp and melts near body temp @ 30°C
GALLIUM
101
Green twigs; ant poison
THALLIUM
102
2 ALLOTROPES OF CARBON
```
Crystalline
- Diamond (purest native form of uncombined carbon; hardest mineral known)
- Graphite
Amoprhous
- Butuminous (soft coal)
- Anthracite (hard coal)
- Coke (impure carbon)
```
103
St. Elmo's fire; light carrier; essential constituent of protoplasm, nervous tissues, and bones
PHOSPORUS
104
3 ALLOTROPIC FORMS OF PHOSPORUS
- White/ Yellow P
- Red/ Violet P
- Black P
105
First anti-syphilis; discovered by Paul Erhrlich
Arsephenamine; Salvarsan, Compound 606, Magic bullet
106
Cupric acetoarsenite
| Rodenticide; insecticide; pigment; blue colarant for fireworks
Paris green
107
Cupric hydrogen arsenite
Scheele's green
108
1% Potassium arsenite soln (Fowler's soln)
Former antileukemic
109
Arsenic (III) iodide soln (Donovan;s soln)
For trypanosome infxn, malaria, TB, RA, diabetes (before)
110
FATHER OF CHEMOTHERAPY
Paul Ehrlich
111
Used as an astringent, antiseptic; internal protectant (antacid + inhibits H. pylori)
BISMUTH
112
Insulin mimetic effect
| Green tongue
VANADIUM
113
3 ALLOTROPES OF OXYGEN
Nascent
Atmospheric/molecular O2
Ozone O3
114
SOURCES OF SULFUR
Crude furnace
| Calcarone (by Frasch process)
115
ALLOTROPES OF SULFUR
Alpha/Rhombic S - stable @ room temp
| Beta/Monoclinic S - at equilibrium at 96°C
116
SULFUR VARIETIES
```
Amorphous S
Liquid S
Plastic S
Precipitated S (milk of sulfur)
Sublimed S (flowers of sulfur)
Washed S
```
117
WHITE LOTION COMPONENTS
Sulfurated potash + ZnSO4
118
First radioactive element
POLLONIUM
119
A super halogen (Linus Pauling); most electronegative element; strongest OA; suppresive effect on thyroid
FLUORINE
120
Dephlogisticated muriatic acid
CHLORINE
121
DIFF. PREPS OF BROMINE
```
Bromine TS (1% Br water)
Bromine VS ().1N Br/Koppescharr's soln)
3 Bromide elixirs - Na, K, NH4
```
122
Heaviest nonmetal
IODINE
123
IODINE PREP with 2%I2 in water + NaI
Iodine soln
124
5% I2 in water + KI
Strong iodine/Lugol's soln
125
1st element produced artificially
TECHNICIUM
126
2ND LIGHTEST GAS
HELIUM
127
Niton; synthetic noble cas; Tx. for Cervical CA
RADON
128
COMMON ORES OF IRON:
- Hematite
- Pyrite/"fool's gold"
- Iron stone
129
Best known hypothesis of Fe ABSORPTION (duodenum)
MUCOSAL BLOCK POSTULATION BY HAHN
130
IRON FORMS
- Cast/pig iron 92-94%
- Wrought iron - 99.9%
- Cementite/white cast iron
- Gray cast iron/graphite scales
131
Heaviest/densest metal
OSMIUM
132
Noble metal;cisplatin
PLATINUM
133
Present in permanent magnets; Vit B12; enhances beer foam
COBALT
