INORG CHEM 2 Flashcards
(174 cards)
1
Q
Universal solvent & best expectorant
A
WATER
2
Q
UNFIT FOR DRINKING
A
NATURAL/MINERAL/WELL WATER
3
Q
ING. OF OFFICIAL PREPS, TEST, ASSAYS
A
Purified water
4
Q
HARD WATER TYPES
A
Alkaline water Saline/Purgative water Carbonated water Chalybeate water Lithia water Sulfur water Siliceous water Baryta water
5
Q
Strong acids
A
H-CBNIPS
6
Q
Also known as muriatic acid
Present in gastric juice
A
HYDROCHLORIC ACID
7
Q
Tx for gastric achlorydia (low HCl in stomach)
A
Diluted HCl (10% w/v soln)
8
Q
Lactated ringer’s/Hartmann’s soln
A
NaCl + KCl + CaCl + Na lactate
9
Q
Darrow’s soln
A
NaCl + KCl + Na lactate
10
Q
K+ replesnisher (salt of choice); cardiac & skeletal contractant (IV); lethal inj (IVP)
A
Potassium chloride
11
Q
Muriate of hartshorn
Expectorant;diuretic, systemic & urinary acidifier
A
Ammonium chloride
12
Q
Muriate of lime
Ca2+ replenisher
A
Calcium chloride
13
Q
Burnett’s disinfectant;Zinc butter
Lucas rgt; antiseptic, dentin desensitizer (Astring-o-sol)
A
Zinc chloride
14
Q
Ing in Sensodyne
A
Strontium chloride
15
Q
BLACK LOTION COMPONENTS
A
Calomel + lime H2O
16
Q
Calomel; cathartic
A
Mercurous chloride
17
Q
Emetic; Tx for Tinea infxn
A
Cadmium chloride
18
Q
Labbaraque’s soln (2.5%), household bleach, clorox, Dakin’s soln (5%)
A
Sodium hypochlorite
19
Q
Chloride of lime
A
Calcium hypochlorite
20
Q
Iodide salt of choice
DOC for cutaneous lymphatic sporotrichosis (fungi)
A
Potassium iodide
21
Q
Potassium iodide at salt sol
A
Prep for thyroid surgery
22
Q
Mayer’s rgt w/ white ppt
A
Mercuric potassium iodide
23
Q
AQUA FORTIS
A
Nitric acid
24
Q
Used as a Vasodilator; Meat/fish curing (preservative, flavor production, color dev.)
A
Sodium nitrite
25
Chile salt peter
| Used as meat preservative & explosives
Sodium nitrate
26
Salt peter/prunelle/salitre
| Meat preservtive & dentin desensitizer
Potassium nitrate
27
Lapiz infernulariz/lunar caustic/indelible ink
| Tx. for wart
Silver nitrate
28
Prophylaxis for gonorrheal opthalmia nenonaturum (can cx NB blindness)
1% opthalmic soln of silver nitrate
29
Howe's soln, Tollen's rgt/Silver mirror test
Silver ammonium nitrate
30
Bismuth subnitrate uses
Antacid, astringent, antiseptic
31
OIL OF VITRIOL
Sulfuric acid
32
Glauber's salt
| Saline laxative/cathartic
Sodium sulfate
33
EPSOM SALT
| Cathartic (PO), anticonvulsant (IM)
Magnesium sulfate
34
Preeclemapsia triad
HPN, proteinuria, edema
35
Plaster of Paris
| Surgical cast
Calcium sulfate 1/2H2O
36
Calcium sulfate 2H2O
Gypsum
37
WHITE VITRIOL
Zinc sulfate
38
The only FDA approved opthalmic astringent (minor eye irritation)
0.25% soln of zinc sulfate
39
WHITE LOTION
ZnSO4 + sulfurated potash > ZnS
40
Blue/roman/salzburg vitriol/blue stone
Enhances fe utilization
Component of Barfoed's, benedict's & Fehling's soln
Cupric sulfate
41
BORDEAUX MIXTURE
| components and use
CuSO4 + CaO
| Algicide and fungicide in swimming pools
42
GREEN VITRIOL
Ferrous sulfate
43
Mohr salt
Ferrous ammonium sulfate
44
Monsel's soln
| Styptic
Ferric (sub)sulfate soln
45
Radioopaque for GIT imaging
Barium sulfate
46
Tonic parasiticide
Nickel sulfate
47
Tawas, Alum
| Used as astringent, antiperspirant, styptic
Aluminum potassium sulfate
48
Photographer's hypochlor
Sodium thiosulfate, Sodium hyposulfite
49
Only white sulfide
| Topical protectant, antiseptic, parasiticide
Zinc sulfide
50
Lithophone components
BaS + ZnS (70:30)
51
Pink/Salmon sulfide
Manganese sulfide
52
Only yellow sulfide; Capsebon
| Antiseborrheic
Cadmium sulfide
53
Selsun blue; 2,5% susp: tx for seborrheic dermatitis
Selenium sulfide
54
Black sulfide, Galena (most common ore)
Lead sulfide
55
Triprotic acid (weak acid)
PHOSPHORIC ACID
56
Systemic & urinary acidifier (w/methenamine > NH3 + formaldehyde: URINARY ANTISEPTIC)
Tx. of UTI: cytitis
Monobasic sodium phosphate/Sodium dihydrogen phosphate
57
PHOSPHATE OF SODA
Dibasic sodium phosphate/ Sodium biphosphate
58
Combination of monobasic + dibasic phosphate
| Also tx for HYPERCALCEMIA
FLEET ENEMA
59
Very alkaline rxn w/ H2O (corrosive)
| For cleaning glass apparatus
(Tribasic) sodium phosphate
60
Graham's salt, Calgon
| Detergent, water softener
Sodium polymetaphosphate
61
Sorensen's potassium PO4
Monobasic potassium phosphate
62
Bone ash
| Antacid
Calcium phosphate
63
Ca2+ replenisher (recommended salt)
Dibasic calcium phosphate
64
PHOSPAGEL
| Antacid;Demulcent
Aluminum phosphate
65
Sal sedativum hombergi
ortho Boric acid/Boracic acid
66
1st natural product with Boron
Boromycin
67
External buffer (NP)
Borate buffer system
68
BORATE BUFFER SYSTEM
| Metal containing preps:
Feldman's (pH 7-8.2) Boric acid + Na borate + NaCl (isotonic)
Gifford's (pH 6-7.8) Boric acid + Na borate + KCl (hypotonic)
Atkin's & Pentin (pH 7.6-11) Boric acid + sodium bicarbonate + NaCl
69
NORMAL pH of BLOOD/BODY FLUIDS
pH = 7.35-7.45
70
PHYSIOLOGIC BUFFER
Phosphate buffer system
71
BORAX
Sodium tetra borate
72
DOBELL'S SOLN COMPONENTS AND USE
Na borate + Na bicarbonate + phenol + glycerol
| ENT antiseptic wash/astringent;Wet dressing for wounds
73
Apog, Calx, lime
Calcium oxide
74
Calcine, magnesia
| Antacid;Laxative
Magnesium oxide
75
Zinch white, Lassar's paste, flowers of Zn
Zinc oxide
76
Pink colorant in calamine
Ferric oxide
77
Litharge
| Astringent
Lead (II) monoxide
78
Alumina
| Adsorbent
Aluminum oxide
79
Hg w/ yellow ppt
Mercuric oxide
80
Arsenicum album
| Used as wood preservative and insecticide
Arsenous oxide/Arsenic trioxide
81
Form of arsenous oxide -Tx for leukemia (if not responsive to 1st line agent)
Trisenox
82
Laughing gas, sweet air
| Inhalatory dental anesthetic (weakest but safe)
Nitrous oxide
83
Smog
Nitrogen dioxide
84
Colorless, odorless, tasteless gas
| Present in automobile exhaust
Carbon monoxide
85
Carbonic acid gas
Most potent respiratory stimulant
DOC: persistent hiccups, hyperventilation syndrome
CARBON DIOXIDE
86
DRY ICE
Solid form of carbon dioxide
87
CFC chlorofluorocarbon
Freon
88
Solar ray protectant w/ high refractive index
Titanium dioxide
89
Inert solid; glidant
Silicon dioxide
90
Silica purified by calcining
Purified siliceous/fullers/diatomaceous earth (Kielseguhr, Celite)
91
Fumigant, anti oxidant, preservative
| Acid anhydride of sulfurous acid
Sulfur dioxide
92
Tx for Vincent stomatitis
Hydrogen peroxide/Agua oxenada
93
Releases nascent O2
Zinc peroxide
94
Germicide against staphylococcal
Stannic peroxide
95
Most preferred for oral & ear infxn
CARBAMIDE/UREA PEROXIDE TOPICAL SOLN
96
Caustic soda
| For glycerin supp. prep
Sodium hydroxide
97
Prevents milk curdling
| Salked lime/milk of lime
Calcium hydroxide
98
Calx sodica
| Good CO2 absorber
Ca(OH)2 + Na or K hydroxide
99
Milk of magnesia/magnesia magma
| Amtacid
Magnesium hydroxide
100
Cremalin gel
Aluminum hydroxide
101
CO2 absorber
Barium hydroxide
102
Internal protective for gastric ulcers + inhibit H. pylori
Bismuth hydroxide
103
Milk of bismuth/bismuth cream component
Bi hydroxide + Bi sub carbonate/nitrate
104
Alkanizing agent for Benedict's soln
Sodium acetate
105
Spirit of Minderesus
| Basham's mixture
Ammonium acetate
106
Burrow's soln
| Al sulfate + Pb acetate
Aluminum actetate
107
Sugar of lead
Lead acetate/Plumbous acetate
108
Goulard's extract
Lead subacetate
| Pb actetate + PbO
109
Lithas, Eskalith, Quilonium-R
| Component of Lithia water
Lithium carbonate
110
SODIUM CARBONATE FORMS
Anhydrous - soda ash
Dihydrate - trona
Decahydrate - soda crystals, washing/sal soda
111
Old primary std. for aq. acidimetry
Sodium cabronate
112
Salt peter/tartar/wormwood/pearl ash/potash
Potasisum carbonate
113
Baker's ammonia, Preston's salt, Hartsshorn
Ammonium (sesqui) carbonate
114
Precipitated/prepared chalk, limestone
| Dentrifice, ing of toothpaste
Calcium carbonate
115
2 FORMS OF CaCO3
Precipitated - commercially produced by chm means
| Prepared - Native, purified by elutriation
116
CRYTALS FORMS OF CALCIUM CARBONATE
Argonite
| Calcite - natural bifringent of crystal
117
VERY PURE FORM OF CALCITE
Iceland spar
118
Chalybeate/blaud/Ferruginous pill
Ferrous carbonate
119
Tx for Phodphatic calculi
Aluminum carbonate
120
Baking soda, Solvay process
| Has carbonating effect
Sodium bicarbonate
121
Carbonating agent for Mg citrate oral susp
Potassium bicarbonate
122
Sal volatile
Ammonium bicarbonate
123
Antacid
| Adv: creates protective coating in stomach
Mg trisilicate
124
Talc/french chalk, soap stone: softest mineral
| Used as adsorbent, dusting powder, filtering agent, clarifying agent
Hydrated magnesium trisilicate
125
Bentonite, Wilhenite
Native colloidal hydrated Mg silicate
126
MOST ABUNDANT OF ALL CLAYS
Native colloidal hydrated Mg silicate
| Soap clay, mineral soap
127
Bentonite magma
5% susp in H2O
128
Kaolin, Kaolinite, china/porcelain clay, bolus alba
Native hydrated aluminum silicate
129
Feldspar
Most common rock
130
Potassium aluminum silicate
Feldspar
131
Natural calamine
| Topical protectant
Hydrated zinc silicate/carbonate
132
Component of Kremil S w/ antiflatulent and antifoaming property
SIMETHICONE
133
Polymer of dimethylsiloxane
Dimethicone (SIMECO)
134
MOST COMMONLY USED Ca electrolyte replenisher
Calcium gluconate
135
MOST STABLE FORM OF Fe COMPARED TO FeSO4
Ferrous fumarate (Toleron)
136
Can be indirect source of bicarbonates
GLUCONATE SALTS
137
Primary std for Karl Fischer Rgt
Sodium tartrate
138
Cream of tartar, Argol, Creamor
Baking powder ing.
Only insol potassium salt
Potassium bitartrate
139
Rochelle's salt, Sal signette
| Sequestrant in Fehling's soln
Sodium potassium tartrae
140
Tartar emetic, brown mixture
Emetic, expectorant
Tx for Schistosomiasis
Antimony potassium tartrate
141
Antocoagulant of choice
| Sequestrant for Benedict's rgt
Sodium citrate
142
```
Purgative lemon (Lemonada purgante)
Saline cathartic
```
Magnesium citrate
143
FORM OF CITRATE SALT
| Tx for PUD
(colloidal) Bismuth subcitrate
144
Hatchett's brown
| 8% astringent
Cuprous citrate
145
Pink bismuth
| Active ing. pepto-bismol, kaopectate
Bismuth subsalicylate
146
0.2% antimicrobial preservative (control yeast & mold growth in enteral formula, foods, cosmetics)
Potassium sorbate
147
Complex of Fe + sorbitol + citric acid + dextrin
IRON SORBITEX
148
Dental protective
Zinc eugenol cement
149
Kalburo
Ca carbide
150
EXPLOTAB
| Tab disintegrant
Sodium starch glycolate
151
Artificial sweetener
Sodium saccharin
152
180-200x sweeter than sucrose
Aspartame
153
Mineral chameleon
| Dark purple-black crytals/granular powder
Potassium permanganate
154
High Li level = ?
Low Na, K levels
155
High F levels = ?
Low I2 level
156
High Al level = ?
Low PO4 level
157
High P (PO4), Mg, Ga, Cd levels = ?
Low Ca level
158
EXAMPLES OF CONTRACTANTS
- Skeletal and Cardiac - K+, Ca+
- Smooth muscle (depolarization) - Na+
(hyperpolarization) - Cl- influx/K+ efflux
159
EXAMPLES OF SEDATIVE
Li & Br
Mg
Boric acid
160
EXAMPLES OF IMMUNOSTIMULANTS
Zn, Ge
161
RESPIRATORY STIMULANTS
CO2 & NH3
162
CO2 ABSORBERS
HYDROXIDES
Na, Ca, K
Barium
163
EXPECTORANTS
```
NH4
H2O
Sb
I
Citrates
```
164
ANTACIDS that cx rebound hyperacidity
Na & Ca antacids
165
ANTACIDS w/o cx rebound hyperacidity
AlO3
Al(OH)2
As2O3
166
DEMULCENTS
Al & Bi cmpds
| Silicates specifically Mg silicates
167
CX CONSTIPATION
FeSO4, BaSO4, Ca, Al
168
CX DIARRHEA
Mg, Hg, P (PO4), S (SO4)
169
ADSORBENTS
Activated charcoal
Silica
Alumina
170
DESENSITIZERS
ZnCl2 - Astring-o-sol
SrCl2 - Sensodyne
KNO3
AgNO3
171
ANTIOXIDANTS
```
Metabisulfite
SO2
Thiosulfates
Hypophosphite
VIT C
```
172
WET DRESSINGS
AgNO3
| Dobell's soln
173
STYOTIC/HEMOSTATIC
Al3+, Fe3+
174
TX FOR WARTS
Cryotherapy (liq. nitrogen & dry ice)
| AgNO3
