Integument and related structures Flashcards
Define Integument in animals
The skin and related structures
What are the functions of the skin
-To cover and protect underlying structures
-To assist in the maintenance of normal body temperature
-To excrete water & salt
- As a sensory organ
- To synthesize of vitamin D and store nutrients
Can the epidermis be described as static or dynamic?
Dynamic or constantly changing
What is the main job of the dermis?
To provide structural strength to the skin?
What are the functions of the hypodermis or subcutaneous tissues?
To provide flexibility of the skin over underlying structures, insulation and sensation of pressure.
What might veterinary staff use the hypodermis of an animal for?
As a site for injection of medications, fluids, microchips and vaccinations.
What are the main functions of the haircoat?
Temperature control, camouflage and sensation.
What are the special features of the paw pads?
They are the toughest and thickest part of the epidermis.
What is the planum nasale?
The end of the nose.
What is the hair shaft?
The part of the hair that is visible above skin
What is the hair root?
The part of the hair buried within the skin
What is the hair follicle?
The part of the hair that anchors it to the skin
What is the purpose of the arrector pili muscle
To change the angle of the hairs in response to cold or fear
List the stages of the hair cycle
Anagen, Catagen and Telogen
What is the scientific term for when a breeding female dog “blows her coat”?
Telogen effluvium
What substance gives pet hair colour?
Melanin
What kind of surgery is declawing of cats?
Amputation
What is the quick in the claw of a veterinary patient?
It is the nerve and blood supply located inside the nail.
Which digit is the dewclaw in dogs and cats?
Digit 1
What are anal glands?
Scent glands located on either side and below the anus that secrete into the anus.
What is the cell that is responsible for pigmentation of the skin?
Melanocyte
What communication system in the body controls pigmentation in the skin?
The hormonal or endocrine system
List the 4 glands located in the skin and briefly describe their purposes
Sebaceous glands - conditioning skin and coat, sweat glands - cooling, tail glands - identification, anal glands - scent marking
What is the name of the biggest paw pad on the front foot of a cat?
The metacarpal pad
