Integumentary

Question 1

Forms external barriers for first line of defense.

Answer 1

Integumentary System

Question 2

Forms the boundary between the body and the external environment.

Answer 2

Integumentary System

Question 3

This system consists of the skin,
hair, nails, and sweat glands.

Answer 3

Integumentary System

Question 4

Covering of the body

Answer 4

Skin

Question 5

This system has sensory receptors that can detect heat,
cold, touch, pressure, and pain

Answer 5

Skin

Question 6

The skin plays a major role in regulating
body temperature through the modulation of blood flow through the
skin and the activity of sweat glands

Answer 6

Temperature regulation

Question 7

The skin is the covering of the body, its structures
reduces the negative and harmful effects of ultraviolet light. The skin
also keeps microorganisms from entering the body and prevents
dehydration by reducing water loss

Answer 7

Protection

Question 8

It is known as the integument (covering) for protection from
external agents

Answer 8

Skin

Question 9

It keeps water and other precious molecules inside the body

Answer 9

Skin

Question 10

It keeps water, microbes and other substances outside the body.

Answer 10

Skin

Question 11

It is the superficial outermost portion of the skin consisting of
stratified squamous epithelial tissue and is composed of 5 zones or
layers called strata.

Answer 11

Epidermis

Question 12

It is avascular, having no blood supply of its own.

Answer 12

Epidermis

Question 13

most cells that make up the epidermis, forming a
protein called keratin making the cells more durable.

Answer 13

Keratinocytes

Question 14

The durability
of the________ gives the epidermis its ability to resist abrasion
and reduce water loss.

Answer 14

keratinocytes

Question 15

A fibrous structural protein that lines the uppermost layer of
the skin.

Answer 15

Keratin

Question 16

It is hardened in order to make the epidermis tough and to
prevent water loss from the body surface.

Answer 16

Keratin

Question 17

Special cells found in stratum basale responsible for
producing melanin which is a pigment that ranges in color from
yellow to brown to black.

Answer 17

Melanocytes

Question 18

Is the group of pigments responsible for skin, hair, and eye
color. It also provides protection against ultraviolet light from the sun.

Answer 18

Melanin

Question 19

It arises from the stratum basale’s increased cell division rates, pushing
these cells upward and become flattened

Answer 19

Stratum Spinosum

Question 20

lipid filled and membrane bound organelles that are
formed inside the cells of stratum Spinosum.

Answer 20

Lamellar bodies

Question 21

Another superficial layer above the stratum spinosum.

Answer 21

Stratum Granulosum

Question 22

It is also flat with
increased amounts of keratin

Answer 22

Stratum Granulosum

Question 23

is a protein structure found in cytoplasmic granules of
the keratinocytes in the stratum granulosum

Answer 23

Keratohyalin

Question 24

A clear dead keratinocyte layer above the stratum granulosum and
is located only where the skin is hairless and extra thick in the palms
and soles of the feet.

Answer 24

Stratum Lucidum

Question 25

The most superficial layer that provides structural strength due to keratin within its cells.

Answer 25

Stratum Corneum

Question 26

It accounts for ¾ of the epidermal thickness and is composed of 25 or more layers of dead, overlapping squamous cells.

Answer 26

Stratum Corneum

Question 27

It is the thick layer of living connective tissue below the epidermis

Answer 27

Dermis

Question 28

forms the true skin and is responsible for most of the strength of the skin, containing blood capillaries, nerve endings, sweat glands, hair follicles, lymphatic vessels, and smooth muscles.

Answer 28

Dermis

Question 29

______ _______ ______makes the dermis tough.

Answer 29

Collagen protein fibers

Question 30

It is the uneven upper dermal region.

Answer 30

Papillary Layer

Question 31

finger like projections from the superior surface of the papillary layer that indents the epidermis above.

Answer 31

Dermal papillae –

Question 32

It is the deepest skin layer of dense irregular connective tissue, containing blood vessels, sweat glands, oil glands and phagocytes.

Answer 32

Reticular Layer

Question 33

It is a layer of loose subcutaneous adipose tissue found deep into the dermis and is not considered as part of the skin but it anchors the skin to the underlying organs, muscle or bone.

Answer 33

Hypodermis

Question 34

It serves as a shock absorber and insulates the deeper tissues from extreme temperature changes occurring outside the body.

Answer 34

Hypodermis

Question 35

It also supplies the skin with blood vessels and nerves.

Answer 35

Hypodermis

Question 36

has minor protective functions and help keep foreign particles out of the respiratory tract

Answer 36

Hair

Question 37

found everywhere on the skin except the palms, soles, the lip, the nipples, parts of the external genitalia, and the distal segments of the fingers and toes.

Answer 37

Hair

Question 38

protrudes above the surface of the skin

Answer 38

Shaft

Question 39

located below the surface of the skin

Answer 39

Root

Question 40

keratinized epithelial cells arranged in three concentric layers:

Answer 40

Medulla Cortex Cuticle

Question 41

a single layer of cells also containing hard keratin and covers the cortex.

Answer 41

Cuticle

Question 42

the central axis of the hair and it consists of two or three layers of cells containing soft keratin.

Answer 42

Medulla

Question 43

surrounds the medulla and forms the bulk of the hair.

Answer 43

Cortex

Question 44

The cells of the_____contain hard keratin

Answer 44

Cortex

Question 45

a tube-like invagination of the epidermis that extends into the dermis, where hair develops and grows

Answer 45

Hair follicle

Question 46

expanded portion at the lower end of the hair root and forms the base of the hair follicle.

Answer 46

Hair bulb

Question 47

The growth of a hair results from the proliferation of cells of the_____.

Answer 47

hair bulb

Question 48

a mass of undifferentiated epithelial cells inside the hair bulb that produces the actual hair

Answer 48

Matrix

Question 49

a dermis projection into the hair bulb, within the hair papilla are blood vessels that provide nourishment to the cells of the matrix

Answer 49

Hair papilla

Question 50

smooth muscle extending from the hair follicle to the papillary layer of the dermis.

Answer 50

Arrector pili muscle

Question 51

During contraction, it pulls the follicle into a more perpendicular position.

Answer 51

Arrector pili muscle

Question 52

These secrete materials onto the skin surface

Answer 52

Glands

Question 53

located in the dermis and found all over the skin except on the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet.

Answer 53

Sebaceous glands

Question 54

produced by the sebaceous glands which is a mixture of oily substances that lubricates the skin making it soft and moist as well as preventing the hair from becoming brittle.

Answer 54

Sebum

Question 55

widely distributed in the skin and secretes sweat through pores to help in thermoregulation.

Answer 55

Sweat glands

Question 56

most common type and found all over the body’s skin but are numerous in the palms of the hands and soles of the feet.

Answer 56

Eccrine sweat glands

Question 57

confined to the axilla, around the anus, and genital areas

Answer 57

Apocrine sweat glands

Question 58

It is a thin plate consisting of layers of dead stratum corneum cells that contain a very hard type of keratin

Answer 58

Nail

Question 59

It is a modification of the epidermis with its root embedded in the skin

Answer 59

Nail

Question 60

proximal portion covered by skin.

Answer 60

Nail root

Question 61

distal visible portion of the nail.

Answer 61

Nail body

Question 62

skin that covers the lateral and proximal edges of the nail

Answer 62

Nail fold

Question 63

holds in place the edges of the nail.

Answer 63

Nail groove

Question 64

the exposed prolongation of the nail fold’s stratum corneum that grows onto the nail body

Answer 64

Cuticle

Question 65

a thickened region of the stratum corneum found beneath the free edge of the nail body

Answer 65

Hyponychium

Question 66

tissue where the nail root extends.

Answer 66

Nail matrix

Question 67

tissue under the nail and is located between the nail matrix and the hyponychium

Answer 67

Nail bed

Question 68

A small part of the nail matrix that is seen through the nail body as whitish crescent-shaped area at the base of the nail.

Answer 68

Lunula

Question 69

attract and bind water and help the skin stay hydrated

Answer 69

Collagen fibers

Question 70

It is the deepest layer of the epidermis and lies closest to the dermis and contains the only epidermal cells that receive adequate nourishment via diffusion of nutrients from the dermis.

Answer 70

Stratum Basale